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Quaternary integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第4期67卷 1360-1394页

作者： Yong WANG Mianping ZHENG Yuan LING Shuyuan XIANG Zhaogang SHAO Kexin ZHANG Xue KE Xiao LIN Fang HAN Jian’en HAN Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Faculty of Earth sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China chinese {1. of geological sciences Beijing 100037China Institute of geological Survey China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth sciences East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The Quaternary strata on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau contain rich information about the paleoclimate and environmental evolution,record the evolution process of the Quaternary regional tectonics,paleogeography,and geomorphology of the plateau,and are extremely important areas for studying the Quaternary geological events and regional environmental *** to a comprehensive analysis of the regional stratigraphic data and the development and evolution characteristics of the biota,based on the differences in the lithostratigraphic units,sedimentary characteristics,landforms,and drainage systems,the Quaternary strata on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas are divided into five stratigraphic regions:the Tarim region,Loess Plateau region,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau region,and India-Ganges *** Qinghai-Tibet Plateau stratigraphic region is divided into seven stratigraphic sub-regions:the West Kunlun-Karakorum,AltunQilian Mountains,Qaidam-Hehuang,East Kunlun-Bayan Har,Qiangtang,East Xizang-West Yunnan-West Sichuan,and Gangdise-Himalayan *** paper briefly describes the lithostratigraphic units of the seven stratigraphic sub-regions of the Qinghai-Tibet *** to the lithostratigraphic sequence and its sedimentary characteristics,stratigraphic contact relationship,formation age,and evolution of the biota in each stratigraphic sub-region,the Quaternary tectonic paleogeographic evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is divided into four stages.(1.The inherited differential uplift stage since the Pliocene(2.6-1.8/1.5 Ma):the regional sedimentary differences were significant,and the stratigraphic distribution was limited,the alluvial-proluvial sandy conglomerate was widely developed along the piedmont,and fluvial and lacustrine deposits were developed in the low-lying areas between the mountains.(2)The mountain range flattening stage(1.8/1.5-1.2/0.8 Ma):the erosion unconformity surfaces around the pl

关键词： Quaternary stratigraphic sedimentary

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Constraints on crustal compositional architecture across the North China-Altaids transition and implications for craton margin reworking

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National Science Review 2024年第05期11卷 121-133页

作者： Zhuo Ye Xiaomiao Tan Rui Gao Qiusheng Li Hongshuang Zhang Xiaoyang Wu Wenhui Li Yingkang Li Sino Probe Center Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of Earth sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences China geological Sample Information Center China Geological Survey

The phase of secular evolution of continents is manifested as the degree of compositional differentiation,modification and maturation of continental crusts, which is vital in understanding the mechanism of continental evolution but is difficult to quantify. Here we use integrated passive-and active-source seismic profiling to conduct joint analysis and inversion and derive Vs and Vp/Vs section models across the North China Craton(NCC) to southeastern Altaids boundary zone that bears a tectonic transition from a reworked ancient craton margin to a Phanerozoic accretionary orogen. We systematically exploited the imaged multiple physical properties as precise and delicate proxies to constrain the compositional architecture in the crust across this important tectonic transition subject to various crustal evolutional phases. Our Vs and Vp/Vs imaging, together with the existing isotopic data, characterizes the Yin Shan–Yan Shan belt as the northern NCC margin with layered homogeneous compositions that point to an evolved crust. However, the lower-crustal low-Vs/high-Vp/Vs signature that overlaps the shallowly dipping to horizontal reflective fabrics suggests that the crust of the northern NCC margin has undergone considerable reworking through lower-crustal-stretching-assisted melt migration and mixing since the late Paleozoic to Mesozoic eras. The process probably involved crust–mantle interaction and thus resulted in a compositionally modified ancient crustal basement. On the contrary, the southeastern Altaids domain manifests crustal complexity in compositions and structures inferred to be indicative of a juvenile crust of the Phanerozoic accretionary orogen. Our results provide deep physical-property constraints that shed new light on the crustal evolution of a complex craton margin.

关键词： North China Craton Altaids crustal composition receiver function joint inversion continental reworking

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Phanerozoic Tectonic Evolution,Metallogenesis and Formation of Mineral Systems in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 819-842页

作者： CHEN Xuanhua HAN Lele DING Weicui XU Shenglin TONG Ying ZHANG Yiping LI Bing ZHOU Qi WANG Ye SinoProbe Laboratory Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

The continental Asia is mainly composed of three major tectonic regimes,the Tethys,Paleo Asian Ocean,and West *** underwent multi-stage plate convergences,ocean-continent transformations,and subductions,collisions and/or collages,and post collisional(orogenic)extensions in *** evolution of the Asia brings up a unique fault system and tectonic geomorphological features in the China's ***,it provides a geodynamic background for the formation and evolution of metallogeneses and mineral systems,resulting in nonuniform distribution of tectono-metallogenic systems and metallogenic *** spatiotemporal distribution of mineral deposits in China and adjacent areas exhibits periodic variation under controlling of the full life Wilson cycle and tectonic evolution,forming the plate convergence-related mineral system in East *** Cu deposits are mainly related to compressional systems in Paleozoic and early Mesozoic,and more closely related to post-collision extensional settings in late Mesozoic and *** Au deposits mainly formed in post-orogeny extensional *** rock related rare earth element deposits formed mainly at margins of the North China and Yangtze ***-pegmatite Li and other rare metal deposits formed mainly in early Mesozoic,related to Indosinian post-orogeny ***-metallogenic systems provide important basis for the prospecting of mineral resources.

关键词： tectonic evolution geodynamic system post-orogenic extension metallogenesis tectono-metallogenic system East Asia

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A Novel Three-stage Tectonic Model for Mississippi Valleytype Zn-Pb Deposits in Orogenic Fold-and-Thrust Belts

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 843-849页

作者： SONG Yucai SinoProbe Laboratory Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Mississippi Valley-type(MVT) Zn-Pb deposits predominantly form within both orogenic forelands and fold-andthrust belts, yet the mineralization process within the latter tectonic setting remains inadequately understood. This study, through a comprehensive review of MVT deposits across global fold-and-thrust belts, introduces a novel model elucidating the mineralization process in the context of tectonic belt evolution. It is demonstrated that during the stage Ⅰ, regional compression is introduced by early stages of plate convergence, causing the folding and thrusting and creating structural or lithological traps such as evaporite diapirs and unconformity-related carbonate dissolution-collapse structures. Thereafter, in stage Ⅱ, hydrocarbons begin to migrate and accumulate within these traps, where reduced sulfur is generated through thermochemical or bacterial sulfate reduction concurrent with or preceding Zn-Pb mineralization. In the subsequent stage Ⅲ, as plate convergence persists, the regional stress transitions from compression to transpression or extension. Under these conditions, steeply-dipping extensional faults are generated, facilitating the ascent of metalliferous brines into early-formed structural or lithological traps. Precipitation of Zn and Pb sulfides occurs through the mixing of Zn-Pb-transporting fluids with pre-existing reduced sulfur or by interaction with hydrocarbons.

关键词： Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb deposits fold-and-thrust belts tectonic model structural or lithological traps extensional faults

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Harvesting the Vibration Energy of CdS for High-Efficient Piezo-Photocatalysis Removal of U(Ⅵ):Roles of Shape Dependent and Piezoelectric Polarization

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第5期7卷 391-403页

作者： Zhimin Dong Donglin Gao Zifan Li Haonan Pei Lin Xu Jian Huang Xiaohong Cao Youqun Wang Ting Wang Qianglin Wei Zhibin Zhang Yunhai Liu State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of Technology Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Piezo-photocatalysis could coalesce the advantages of mechanical vibration and solar energy perfectly to achieve high-efficiency catalytic activity. Herein,the quintessential piezoelectric material CdS nanowires with different aspect ratios are precisely constructed and applied for piezo-photocatalytic reduction of U（Ⅵ） for the first time. The ultrasonic （60 kHz, 1.0 W） induces piezoelectric potential to generate a 0.57 eV A-1.lectric field, which is added to the direction of CdS （01.） as a driving force to efficiently separate photogenerated charges. The alliance between piezoelectric effect and photocatalytic activity endows CdS NW-3 with the fastest piezophotocatalytic rate under ultrasonic vibration and 5 W LED irradiation, and the relevant rate constant (0.042 min-1. is about 1. and 53.8 times than that of LED and ultrasonication. More importantly, 93.74%of U（Ⅵ） could be removed from natural uranium mine wastewater. Therefore, this piezophotocatalysis system that reduces U（Ⅵ） to easily separable （UO2）O2·2H2O（s） provides valuable input for disposal applications of radioactive wastewater and broadens the horizons of nuclear energy utilization toward the advancement of carbon neutrality.

关键词： (UO2)O2·2H2O CdS nanowires piezo-photocatalytic piezo-potential U(VI)

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U-Pb dating of bastnäsite from the Vuoriyarvi massif:An example application for assessing the REE potential of carbonatite-related deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 444-453页

作者： Evgeniy N.Kozlov Ekaterina N.Fomina Qiuli Li Jiao Li geological Institute Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of SciencesApatity 184209Russia Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The Vuoriyarvi massif is a Devonian multistage alkaline-ultrabasic carbonatite complex within the Kola alkaline *** carbonatites of the Vuoriyarvi massif contain abundant rare-earth mineralization mainly represented by ancylite-(Ce)and bastnäsite-(Ce).Ancylite was previously shown to have probably formed in the Devonian(ca.365 Ma)during an early postmagmatic *** geological observations have revealed a much later crystallization of bastnäsite but have not been able to specify the exact age of the *** in situ U-Pb dating of bastnäsite allowed us to constrain its ***äsite for this study was extracted from two varieties of dolomite carbonatite breccias cemented by(1.quartz-bastnäsite and(2)strontianite aggregates(hereafter bastnäsite-rich and strontianite-rich carbonatites–BRC and SRC,respectively).The obtained age estimations(237.7±9.8 Ma and 239.9±4.1.Ma,respectively)indicate that both studied rocks were formed during a single *** revealed age difference(~1.5 Ma)excludes the genetic link between the bastnäsite origin and regional alkaline magmatism,pointing out an additional source for the Vuoriyarvi bastnäsite-bearing ***,the obtained U-Pb ages provide strong evidence that a Triassic event is responsible for the occurrence of bastnäsite mineralization due to hydrothermal REE redistribution from the Devonian ancylite-rich *** of the REEs released during this process via dissolution of ancylite were precipitated in situ as bastnäsite,while strontium was transported and incorporated into *** Pb isotopic characteristics of bastnäsite(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb=1..1.0.1.^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb=1..3±0.1.and^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb=0.84±0.01.are most probably inherited from the Devonian host rocks of the Vuoriyarvi massif involved in the Triassic *** signatures of Pb,Sr,and Nd show that the depleted mantle and lower crust played the leading role in formation of the Vuoriyarvi alkaline

关键词： Bastnäsite REE Carbonatites U-Pb dating Vuoriyarvi Kola alkaline province

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Triassic integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第4期67卷 1152-1194页

作者： Guichun WU Zhansheng JI Gary GLASH Qinggao ZENG Jianxin YAO Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology Ministry of Natural ResourcesInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China SinoProbe Laboratory Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100094China Department of Geology and Environmental sciences State University of New York-FredoniaFredoniaNY 14063USA Xizang Autonomous Region geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Burea Lhasa 850010China

Rocks of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)host abundant Triassic *** far,the well established marine fossil sequences based on ammonoids,conodonts,bivalves,brachiopods,radiolarians,and terrestrial spora-pollen sequence have become standard for biostratigraphic correlation of the *** much of Triassic time,the QTP occupied a marine setting as suggested by the dominance of marine *** main sedimentary types represented in the Triassic successions include littoral to shallow marine clastic rocks,shallow marine carbonate platform carbonates,bathyal to abyssal slope carbonates intercalated with clastic and siliceous deposits,coal-bearing clastic strata contained within paralic facies deposits,and littoral and terrestrial volcaniclastic *** deposits are organized into four stages in ascending order:(1.Early Triassic deposits that record marine transgression,including extensive shallow marine carbonate platform strata.(2)Middle Triassic Ladinian to Late Triassic Carnian deposits,including thin-bedded limestone,fine clastics,and siliceous rocks,that accumulated at greater depths than underlying Early Triassic strata and reflect the peak of the *** activity appears to have occurred in some areas during this stage.(3)Late Triassic Norian deposits that record the onset of marine regression as suggested by the widespread occurrence of platform *** is noteworthy that stage 3 deposits of the Qin-Qi-Kun area in the northernmost region of the QPT is dominated by terrestrial strata and displays evidence of local erosion.(4)Late Triassic Rhaetian littoral and shallow marine clastic and coal-bearing deposits that preserve the record of continued marine regression *** Indus-Yarlungzangbo Suture Zone(IYSZ)appears to have been the rifting axis during Triassic time as suggested by sedimentary facies trends that reflect deepening to south and ***,the Himalaya Block to the south of the IYSZ was part of the passive margin

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Triassic Biostratigraphy Lithostratigraphy Palaeobiogeography Sedimentary palaeogeography

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Investigation on the Deformation and Failure Patterns of Loess Cut Slope Based on the Unsaturated Triaxial Test in Yan'an,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 235-247页

作者： Lina Ma Shengwen Qi Songfeng Guo Qiangbing Huang Xiaokun Hou Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of chinese {1. of sciences Beijing 100049China Innovation academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of geological Engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China

The large-scale implementation of the Gully Stabilization and Land Reclamation(GSLR)project induces various failures of loess slopes due to excavation in Yan'an,***,the deformation and failure behavior of these excavated loess slopes have not been fully *** this study,field investigation was undertaken for analyzing the distributions and failure features of excavation-induced loess slope *** is found that plastic failure mainly occurs in Q_(3) loess layers and brittle failure in Q_(2).To understand the underlying failure mechanism,a series of triaxial shear tests were conducted on intact Q_(3) and Q_(2) loess samples that with different water contents,namely natural water content(natural),dry side of the natural value(drying 5%),and wet side(wetting 5%).The characteristics of stress-strain curves and failure modes of the samples were *** show that the stress-strain curves of Q_(2) samples are dominated by strain-softening characteristics,while Q_(3) samples mainly exhibit strain-harden features except in the drying ***,shear failures of Q_(3) specimens are mainly caused by shear crack planes(single,X or V-shaped).For Q_(2) loess,the dominance of tensile cracks is observed on the surface of damaged *** disclose the different failure modes of excavated slopes located in different strata,that is,the arc sliding failure of Q_(3) loess slopes and the stepped tensile failure of Q_(2) loess slopes,and are helpful in the design and management of the ongoing GSLR projects in the Loess Plateau.

关键词： loess slope slope stability failure patterns deformation

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Development of Ti–V–Cr–Mn–Mo–Ce high-entropy alloys for high-density hydrogen storage in water bath environments

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5229-5241页

作者： Hua-Zhou Hu Hou-Qun Xiao Xin-Cong He Wen-Hao Zhou Xiao-Xuan Zhang Rui-Zhu Tang Jie Li Chuan-Ming Ma Qing-Jun Chen Key Laboratory of Rare Earths Chinese Academy of SciencesJiangxi Institute of Rare EarthsGanjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of Sciences

The V-based body-centered cubic （BCC）-type hydrogen storage alloys have attracted significant attention due to their high theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of3.80 wt%.However,their practical application faces challenges related to low dehydriding capacity and poor activation *** overcome these challenges,a BCC-type Ti–V–Cr–Mn–Mo–Ce high-entropy alloy（HEA） with an effectively dehydriding capacity of 2.5 wt% above 0.1.MPa was *** introduction of Mo and conducting heat treatment,the precipitation of Ti-rich phase in HEA was successfully suppressed,resulting in improved compositional uniformity and dehydriding ***,the effective dehydriding capacity increased significantly from 0.60 wt% to 2.50 wt% a65℃,surpassing that of other types of hydrogen storage alloys under the same ***,the addition of 1.wt%Ce enabled initial hydrogen absorption at 25℃ without the need for activation at 400℃.Furthermore,Ce doping reduced the dehydriding activation energy of the Ti–V–Cr–Mn–Mo–Ce HEA from 52.71.to 42.82 kJ·mol-1.dditionally,the enthalpy value of dehydrogenation decreased from 46.89 to 1..96 k J·mol-1.attributed to a decrease in the hysteresis factor from 0.68 to *** findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the hydrogen storage property of HEA.

关键词： BCC structure Ce doping Heat treatment High-entropy alloys Hydrogen storage alloys

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Understanding Human and Machine Interaction from Decision Perspective: An Empirical Study Based on the Game of Go

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 647-667页

作者： ZHAO Ping LI Xuerong WANG Shouyang academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The authors aim to interpret human and AI interactions from the decision *** authors decompose the interaction analysis into the following main components in the context of interactions:Individual behavior patterns,interaction relationships,and comprehensive *** authors interpret intertemporal decisions from a physical perspective and employ cross-discipline concepts and methodologies to extract the behavior characteristics of players in the empirical case *** the individual behavior patterns,the authors find that human players prefer short-term periods to AI in *** interaction relationship analysis reveals a dynamic relationship between possible short-term co-movement and nearly counter-movement in the long *** authors apply principal component analysis to descriptive indicators and discover a regular decision *** main behavior pattern of players in the game of Go is switching between careful and daring *** differences in the decision hierarchies imply a discrepancy of patience between humans and AI.

关键词： Coherence analysis decision hierarchy machine behaviour multitaper spectral analysis

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