急性肺损伤(ALI)是一种具有高发病率和高死亡率的严重疾病,目前缺乏有效的治疗手段。近年来,干细胞治疗因其多能性和再生能力受到广泛关注。本综述总结了不同类型干细胞(如间充质干细胞、上皮祖细胞、内皮祖细胞等)在急性肺损伤中的治疗潜力,重点阐述了其作用机制、实验研究进展以及临床应用的挑战和未来方向。Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality rates, for which effective treatment options remain elusive. In recent years, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach due to the pluripotency and regenerative capabilities of stem cells. This review explores the therapeutic potential of various stem cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), epithelial progenitor cells, and endothelial progenitor cells, in the context of ALI. It highlights their mechanisms of action, recent advances in experimental studies, and the challenges associated with clinical translation, while providing insights into future research directions.
目的:分析免疫功能低下状态患者罹患新型冠状病毒感染(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的临床特征,并与免疫功能正常患者进行比较。方法:采取单中心回顾性观察性研究方法,纳入于2022年12月至2023年10月在北京大学人民医院确诊为COVID-19的213例住院患者,分为免疫功能低下组(102例,47.9%)和免疫功能正常组(111例,52.1%),比较两组间的临床资料。将免疫功能低下组分为死亡组(18例,17.6%)和非死亡组(84例,82.4%),对两组的实验室检查指标进行比较,进一步对其中数据完整的死亡组(10例,9.8%)和非死亡组(36例,35.3%)的淋巴细胞亚群进行差异分析。结果:免疫功能低下组重型、危重型比例以及病死率均高于免疫功能正常组(47.1% vs. 40.5%、18.6% vs. 9.0%、17.6% vs. 9.0%, P危重型超过60%,病死率较高,机体清除新冠病毒能力下降。淋巴细胞总数、CD4 +T细胞、CD8 +T细胞和B细胞减少,降钙素原、铁蛋白和D-二聚体升高提示患者预后不良。
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