随着城市化和工业化的迅速发展，加之特殊的地形和天气气候条件，新疆地区面临严峻的大气污染问题。再分析数据时空连续性好、分辨率高，可有效弥补新疆地区地面观测站点稀疏不足的问题。文中聚焦新疆地区细颗粒物污染物(PM2.5),采用中国高分辨率高质量近地表空气污染物数据集（China High Air Pollutants, CHAP）和新疆35个国控站点观测数据，首先综合评估了CHAP PM2.5质量浓度在新疆的适用性，进而深入分析了该地区2000-2022年PM2.5质量浓度的时空分布和变化特征。结果表明，CHAP PM2.5在新疆的适用性整体较高，在27个站点CHAP与站点实测值的相关系数均超过0.9,且北疆站点高于南疆；从平均绝对百分误差、均方根误差、标准偏差比等统计量来看，CHAP PM2.5在相对洁净地区数值偏高约6.9%,在污染高值区偏低约4.8%。分析表明，2000-2022年新疆地区年均PM2.5质量浓度整体呈下降趋势，由50μg/m3降至37μg/m3,下降幅度约为26%,尤其在2016年后下降速度加快。从空间分布来看，PM2.5质量浓度高值区分布在北疆的乌鲁木齐-昌吉-石河子城市群和南疆的塔里木盆地。南、北疆地区PM2.5质量浓度的季节变化差异明显，南疆地区在春季浓度较高，最大均值（94μg/m3）出现在4月份；北疆地区在冬季浓度较高，最大均值（62μg/m3）出现在1月份。文中研究可为新疆大气污染重点区域的机理研究和防治措施的制定实施提供科学参考。
本文利用伊犁河谷国家基本站和区域自动站2015年至2021年5至10月小时降水资料及伊宁新一代多普勒天气雷达资料,采用常规统计方法对伊犁河谷短时强降水天气时空分布及雷达回波参数值进行了研究分析。结果表明:(1) 伊犁河谷短时强降水空间分布呈山区多,平原少的特点,霍城县北部、伊宁县北部、尼勒克县、昭苏县、特克斯县及新源县东部等地的山区大部为显著的高发区并都处于山前的迎风坡处;(2) 近7a中,短时强降水年发生频次整体呈减少趋势,年平均为20次,2016年出现最多,2020年为最少年份;(3) 短时强降水有明显的月变化,自5月迅速增加,6月达到峰值,8月开始减少,6月至7月最为活跃;(4) 短时强降水的日变化呈单峰型结构,峰值出现时段在18~23时;河谷不同地区的日变化特征也不尽相同,西部、东部呈单峰型结构,而南部呈双峰型结构;(5) 当雷达回波参数值中最大回波强度 > 47 dBZ,垂直积分液态水含量 > 10.8 kg/m2,回波顶高 37.2 km2时,伊犁河谷易发生短时强降水天气。This study analyzes the spatio-temporal distribution and radar echo parameters of short-time heavy precipitation in the Yili River Valley using hourly precipitation data from national basic stations and regional automatic stations in the valley, as well as Doppler weather radar data from Yining, Xinjiang, for the period from May to October between 2015 and 2021. The analysis employs conventional statistical methods. The results indicate that: (1) The spatial distribution of short-time heavy precipitation in the Yili River Valley is characterized by a higher frequency in mountainous areas and a lower frequency in plains. Most of the mountainous regions in the north of Huocheng County, the north of Yining County, Nilka County, Zhaosu County, Tekes County, and the east of Xinyuan County are significant high-incidence areas and are located on the windward slopes of the mountains. (2) Over the past seven years, the annual frequency of short-time heavy precipitation has shown an overall decreasing trend, with an average of 20 events per year. The highest frequency occurred in 2016, while the lowest was in 2020. (3) Short-time heavy precipitation exhibits a clear monthly variation, increasing rapidly from May, peaking in June, and decreasing from August, with the most active period being from June to July. (4) The diurnal variation of short-time heavy precipitation follows an unimodal pattern, with the peak occurring between 18:00 and 23:00. The diurnal variation characteristics also vary among different regions of the valley, with
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