检索结果-南通市图书馆

Climate Change-Related Disaster Risk Events in Togo: A Systematic Review

American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 1-13页

作者： Massama-Esso P. Assiah Gouvidé Jean Gbaguidi Mouhamed Idrissou Kossivi Hounake West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Department of Geography Faculty of Human and Social Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo école polytechnique de lomé Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Faculté de Droit Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Togo is facing significant climate challenges that have profound consequences for its environment, economy, and population. This study provides an overview of various climate phenomena affecting Togo and highlights potential adaptation strategies. We used the inclusion and exclusion criteria (PRISMA) to search both French and English articles on climate change-related disaster risk events in Togo through Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and PubMed databases using the keywords “Climate Change”, “Floods”, “Drought”, “Coastal erosion”, “High winds”, “Epidemy”, Heatwaves”, and “Air pollution”. Twenty-five articles from 2000-2023 were included in this study after applying different criteria. Droughts, floods, coastal erosion, food and crop productivity loss, heatwaves, spread of vector-borne diseases, air pollution, and high winds are among the climate phenomena discussed. These challenges are driven by climate change, altering precipitation patterns, increasing temperatures, and rising sea levels. Drought, floods, coastal erosion, loss of food and crop productivity, spread of vector-borne diseases, air pollution and heatwaves are the most climate risks experienced by Togo. Drought contributes to decreased plant cover, water scarcity, and changes in the water and energy balance. Floods cause property damage, health risks, and disruptions to livelihoods. Coastal erosion threatens coastal communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Adaptation strategies include early warning systems, improved water management, sustainable agriculture, urban and health planning, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Drought-resistant crops, mosquito control, and clean energy adoption are essential.

关键词： Disaster Risks Impacts Climate Change Vulnerability Togo

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Combining thermal scanning probe lithography and dry etching for grayscale nanopattern amplification

引用

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 335-344页

作者： Berke Erbas Ana Conde-Rubio Xia Liu Joffrey Pernollet Zhenyu Wang Arnaud Bertsch Marcos Penedo Georg Fantner Mitali Banerjee Andras Kis Giovanni Boero Juergen Brugger Microsystems Laboratory École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Center of MicroNanoTechnology(CMi) EPFLLausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory of Nanoscale Electronics and Structures École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory for Bio-and Nano-Instrumentation École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory of Quantum Physics Topology and CorrelationsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Present address:Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona ICMAB-CSIC Campus UABBellaterra 08193Spain Present address:School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Grayscale structured surfaces with nanometer-scale features are used in a growing number of applications in optics and *** scanning probe lithography achieves a lateral resolution below 10 nm and a vertical resolution below 1 nm,but its maximum depth in polymers is ***,we present an innovative combination of nanowriting in thermal resist and plasma dry etching with substrate cooling,which achieves up to 10-fold amplification of polymer nanopatterns into SiO_(2) without proportionally increasing surface *** nanopatterns in SiO_(2) with 400 nm pitch and 150 nm depth are fabricated free of shape distortion after dry *** exemplify the possible applications of the proposed method,grayscale dielectric nanostructures are used for scalable manufacturing through nanoimprint lithography and for strain nanoengineering of 2D *** a method for aspect ratio amplification and smooth grayscale nanopatterning has the potential to find application in the fabrication of photonic and nanoelectronic devices.

关键词： lithography thermal pattern

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Programming nonlinear propagation for efficient optical learning machines

引用

Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 73-83页

作者： Ilker Oguz Jih-Liang Hsieh Niyazi Ulas Dinc Ugur Tegin Mustafa Yildirim Carlo Gigli Christophe Moser demetri Psaltis École polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Institute of Electrical and Micro EngineeringEcublensSwitzerland Koc University Department of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringIstanbulTurkey

The ever-increasing demand for training and inferring with larger machine-learning models requires more efficient hardware solutions due to limitations such as power dissipation and *** is a promising contender for providing lower power computation,since light propagation through a nonabsorbing medium is a lossless ***,to carry out useful and efficient computations with light,generating and controlling nonlinearity optically is a necessity that is still *** fibers(MMFs)have been shown that they can provide nonlinear effects with microwatts of average power while maintaining parallelism and low *** propose an optical neural network architecture that performs nonlinear optical computation by controlling the propagation of ultrashort pulses in MMF by wavefront *** a surrogate model,optimal sets of parameters are found to program this optical computer for different tasks with minimal utilization of an electronic *** show a remarkable decrease of 97%in the number of model parameters,which leads to an overall 99%digital operation reduction compared to an equivalently performing digital neural *** further demonstrate that a fully optical implementation can also be performed with competitive accuracies.

关键词： neural networks nonlinear optics fiber optics surrogate optimization neuromorphic computing wavefront shaping

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Improving the operational stability of perovskite solar cells with cesium-doped graphene oxide interlayer

引用

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 483-490页

作者： Masaud Almalki Katerina Anagnostou Konstantinos Rogdakis Felix T.Eickemeyer Mostafa Othman Minas M.Stylianakis Dimitris Tsikritzis Anwar Q.Alanazi Nikolaos Tzoganakis Lukas Pfeifer Rita Therisod Xiaoliang Mo Christian M.Wolff Aïcha Hessler-Wyser Shaik M.Zakeeruddin Hong Zhang Emmanuel Kymakis Michael Grätzel Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityHeraklionCrete 71410Greece Institute of Electrical and Microengineering(IEM)Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-Lab) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Neuchâtel 2000Switzerland department of Nursing Faculty of Health SciencesHellenic Mediterranean UniversityCrete 71410Greece Centre Interdisciplinaire de Microscopie Electronique École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Future Energy Technology Institute King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)P.O.Box 6086Riyadh 11442Saudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionInstitute of OptoelectronicsDepartment of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have made great advances in terms of power conversion efficiency(PCE),yet their subpar stability continues to hinder their *** interface between the perovskite layer and the charge-carrier transporting layers plays a crucial role in undermining the stability of *** this work,we propose a strategy to stabilize high-performance PSCs with PCE over 23%by introducing a cesium-doped graphene oxide(GO-Cs)as an interlayer between the perovskite and hole-transporting *** GO-Cs treated PSCs exhibit excellent operational stability with a projected T80(the time where the device PCE reduces to 80%of its initial value)of 2143 h of operation at the maximum powering point under one sun illumination.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Doped graphene oxide Graphene related material Long-term operational stability

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Compact and effective photon-resolved image scanning microscope

引用

Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 84-95页

作者： Giorgio Tortarolo Alessandro Zunino Simonluca Piazza Mattia Donato Sabrina Zappone Agnieszka Pierzyńska-Mach Marco Castello Giuseppe Vicidomini Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Molecular Microscopy and SpectroscopyGenoaItaly Genoa Instruments GenoaItaly University of Genoa Dipartimento di InformaticaBioingegneriaRobotica e Ingegneria dei SistemiGenoaItaly Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Nanoscopy and NIC@IITGenoaItaly École polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Laboratory of Experimental BiophysicsLausanneSwitzerland

Fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy(LSM)is one of the most popular tools for life science *** popularity is expected to grow thanks to single-photon array detectors tailored for *** detectors offer unique single-photon spatiotemporal information,opening new perspectives for gentle and quantitative superresolution ***,a flawless recording of this information poses significant challenges for the microscope data acquisition(DAQ)*** present a DAQ module based on the digital frequency domain principle,able to record essential spatial and temporal features of *** use this module to extend the capabilities of established imaging techniques based on single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)array detectors,such as fluorescence lifetime image scanning ***,we use the module to introduce a robust multispecies approach encoding the fluorophore excitation spectra in the time ***,we combine time-resolved stimulated emission depletion microscopy with image scanning microscopy,boosting spatial *** results demonstrate how a conventional fluorescence laser scanning microscope can transform into a simple,information-rich,superresolved imaging system with the simple addition of a SPAD array detector with a tailored data acquisition *** expected a blooming of advanced single-photon imaging techniques,which effectively harness all the sample information encoded in each photon.

关键词： fluorescence lifetime image scanning microscopy digital frequency domain single photon

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Improving the utility of locally differentially private protocols for longitudinal and multidimensional frequency estimates

引用

Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 369-379页

作者： Héber H.Arcolezi Jean-François Couchot Bechara Al Bouna Xiaokui Xiao Inria andÉcole polytechnique(IPP) PalaiseauFrance Femto-ST Institute Univ.Bourg.Franche-ComtéUBFCCNRSBelfortFrance TICKET Lab. Antonine University Hadat-BaabdaBaabdaLebanon School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

This paper investigates the problem of collecting multidimensional data throughout time(i.e.,longitudinal studies)for the fundamental task of frequency estimation under Local Differential Privacy(LDP)*** to frequency estimation of a single attribute,the multidimensional aspect demands particular attention to the privacy ***,when collecting user statistics longitudinally,privacy progressively ***,the“multiple”settings in combination(i.e.,many attributes and several collections throughout time)impose several challenges,for which this paper proposes the first solution for frequency estimates under *** tackle these issues,we extend the analysis of three state-of-the-art LDP protocols(Generalized Randomized Response–GRR,Optimized Unary Encoding–OUE,and Symmetric Unary Encoding–SUE)for both longitudinal and multidimensional data *** the known literature uses OUE and SUE for two rounds of sanitization(***),i.e.,L-OUE and L-SUE,respectively,we analytically and experimentally show that starting with OUE and then with SUE provides higher data utility(i.e.,L-OSUE).Also,for attributes with small domain sizes,we propose Longitudinal GRR(L-GRR),which provides higher utility than the other protocols based on unary ***,we also propose a new solution named Adaptive LDP for LOngitudinal and Multidimensional FREquency Estimates(ALlomFREE),which randomly samples a single attribute to be sent with the whole privacy budget and adaptively selects the optimal protocol,i.e.,either L-GRR or *** shown in the results,ALlomFREE consistently and considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art L-SUE and L-OUE protocols in the quality of the frequency estimates.

关键词： Local differential privacy Discrete distribution estimation Frequency estimation Multidimensional data Longitudinal studies

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Guillaume Broux-Quemerais,Sarah Kaakai, Anis Matoussi,Wissal Sabbagh

引用

Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2024年第2期9卷 149-180页

作者： Guillaume Broux-Quemerais Sarah Kaakarl Anis Matoussi Wissal Sabbagh Laboratoire Manceau de Mathematiques&FR CNRS No 2962 Institut du Risque et de I'AssuranceLeMansUniversityFrance Centre de Mathématiques Appliquees(CMAP) CNRSEcole polytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91120 PalaiseauFrance

In this paper,we present a probabilistic numerical method for a class of forward utilities in a stochastic factor *** this purpose,we use the representation of forward utilities using the ergodic Backward Stochastic Differential Equations(eBSdes)introduced by Liang and Zariphopoulou in[27].We establish a connection between the solution of the ergodic BSde and the solution of an associated BSde with random terminal time T,defined as the hitting time of the positive recurrent stochastic *** viewpoint based on BSdes with random horizon yields a new characterization of the ergodic cost^which is a part of the solution of the *** particular,for a certain class of eBSdes with quadratic generator,the cole-Hopf transformation leads to a semi-explicit representation of the solution as well as a new expression of the ergodic cost>.The latter can be estimated with Monte Carlo *** also propose two new deep learning numerical schemes for ***,we present numerical results for different examples of eBSdes and forward utilities together with the associated investment strategies.

关键词： deep leaming scheme Forward utilities Ergodic BSdes Markovian solution deep learning algorithm

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

引用

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： J.-R.Marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli J.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salvadori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Interfacial engineering through lead binding using crown ethers in perovskite solar cells

引用

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 263-270页

作者： Sun-Ju Kim YeonJu Kim Ramesh Kumar Chitumalla Gayoung Ham Thanh-Danh Nguyen Joonkyung Jang Hyojung Cha Jovana Milić Jun-Ho Yum Kevin Sivula Ji-Youn Seo department of Nano Fusion Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland department of Energy Convergence and Climate Change Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Adolphe Merkle Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

In the domain of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the imperative to reconcile impressive photovoltaic performance with lead-related issue and environmental stability has driven innovative *** study pioneers an approach that not only rectifies lead leakage but also places paramount importance on the attainment of rigorous interfacial *** ethers,notably benzo-18-crown-6-ether(B18C6),were strategically integrated at the perovskite-hole transport material *** ethers exhibit a dual role:efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb^(2+)ions through host-guest complexation and simultaneously establishing a robust interfacial passivation *** crown ether candidates,guided by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,demonstrated proficiency in binding Pb2+ions and optimizing interfacial *** devices incorporating these materials achieved exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE),notably 21.7%for B18C6,underscoring their efficacy in lead binding and interfacial *** techniques,including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS),time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL),and transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS),unequivocally affirmed Pb^(2+)ion capture and suppression of non-radiative ***,these PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h of exposure to 85%relative *** research underscores the transformative potential of crown ethers,simultaneously addressing lead binding and stringent interfacial passivation for sustainable PSCs poised to commercialize and advance renewable energy applications.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Interfacial passivation Crown ether materials Stability

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films

引用

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 783-794页

作者： Alan R.Bowman Alvaro Rodríguez Echarri Fatemeh Kiani Fadil Iyikanat Ted V.Tsoulos Joel D.Cox Ravishankar Sundararaman F.Javier García de Abajo Giulia Tagliabue Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies(LNET) STIÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyCastelldefels(Barcelona)Spain. MBI–Max-Born-Institut BerlinGermany. POLIMA–Center for Polariton-driven Light–Matter Interactions University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. Danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. department of Materials Science&Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. department of Physics Applied Physicsand AstronomyRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. ICREA–Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats BarcelonaSpain

Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals,including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy ***,being weak in nature,metal luminescence remains poorly understood,its microscopic origin strongly debated,and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely ***,we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold ***,we present experimental evidence,supported by first-principles simulations,to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin(i.e.,radiative emission from electron/hole recombination)when exciting in the interband *** model allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is ***,such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness,associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the Fermi *** qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles modeling,thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this *** study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.

关键词： luminescence quantum crystalline

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：