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Somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis from zygotic embryos in Vitis vinifera L.‘Moldova’

Forestry Studies in China 2008年第4期10卷 253-258页

作者： LI Hui LI Feng-lan DU Jing-chuan LU Hai HE Zheng-quan College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 P. R. China Biotechnology Research Center Three Gorges University Yichang 443000 P. R. China

We examined the somatic embryogenesis from and histological studies of zygotic embryos of seeds in European Grape ＇Moldova＇（Vitis vinifera U ＇Moldova＇）. Primary calli were initiated on Nitsch and Nitsch （NN） medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA. embryogenic calli were produced upon transfer to a NN medium with 0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA and 2 mg·L^-1 NAA and somatic embryos were obtained on a half strength MS medium without plant growth regulators. During the somatic embryo germination, an addition of 1.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA in the medium could accelerate somatic embryos to develop into normal plants and increase the conversion rate from 0 to 43.3%. Histological studies of embryogenic calli and somatic embryos demonstrated dynamic changes of proteins and starch grains. The developmental processes of somatic embryos were similar to those of zygotic embryos, including typical epiderma, cotyledon primordium and vascular tissue.

关键词： zygotic embryo somatic embryo histology Vitis vinifera L.

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Cryopreservation by Vitrification of Vitis vinifera cv. ＂Red Globe＂ zygotic embryos and Effect on the Expression of DNA Methyltransferase Genes

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2016年第6期6卷 387-399页

作者： Heriberto Garcia-Coronado Maria-Elena Baez-Flores Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas Marisela Rivera-Dominguez Martin-Emesto Tiznado-Hernandez Coordinacion de Tecnologia de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo A.C. (CLAD)Hermosillo Sonora CP 83304 Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Quimico Biol6gicas Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Culiacan Sinaloa CP 80013 Mexico Coordinacion de Ciencia de los Alimentos Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo A.C. (CLAD) HermosilloSonora CP 83304 Mexico

Mexico is a large producer of table grape （Vitis vinifera L.） and therefore it is important to develop protocols to store the grape varieties germplasm. The objective of the present work was to design a protocol for the cryopreservation by vitrification of zygotic embryos of V. vinifera cv. ＂Red Globe＂ and evaluate possible epigenetics changes. The plant vitrification solution 2 （PVS2） was utilized before the utilization of liquid nitrogen （LN）. The effect of this protocol on embryo viability was tested by the triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride solution, as well as by the in vitro development of grape embryos into plantlet. A cDNA expression library of grape zygotic embryos was created to isolate expressed sequence tags of several DNA methyltrasferases. Gene expression of domains rearranged methyltransferase type 1 （DMR1） and DNA （cytosine-5）-methyltransferase 1 （MET1-2） isozymes was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. The optimal conditions for vitrification were 10 min in 50% PVS2, followed by I0 min in 100% PVS2. Under these conditions, about 30% of plantlet was obtained from embryos after cryopreservation. It was recorded a reduction in the MET1-2 gene expression, which plays a role in the maintenance of DNA methylation. It is possible to cryopreserve viable grape zygotic embryos, although the treatment seems to induce alterations in the normal DNA methylation pattern of the zygotic embryo genome.

关键词： Vitis vinifera zygotic embryo cryopreservation vitrification DNA methyltransferase.

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Observation on the embryonic Development in Citrus after Cross Pollination

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Developmental and Reproductive Biology 1999年第2期8卷 57-63页

作者：王家福陈振光林同香福建农业大学亚热带果树研究所中国福州350002

embryonic development was studied in six cross combinations ofCitrus sinensis x C. tangerina, C. sinensis x C. reticulata, C. sinensis x (C. tangerina + ***), C. sinensis x Poncirus trifoliate, *** x C grandis and C. grandis xPoncirus trifoliate. The results showed that on the 30th day after pollination thezygote remained a single cell. On the 40th day, the zygote began to divide. On the50th day, zygotic embryo became globular-shaped while nucellar embryos had notinvaded the embryo sac. On the 55th day, a few nucellar embryos began to invadethe embryo sac. On the 60th day, the zygotic embryo became heart-shaped, and atthe same time, a large number of nucellar embryos invaded the embryo sac. On the80th day after pollination, the zygotic embryo was surrounded by nucellar embryosand it was not easy to distinguish these embryos. The cross combination affected thedevelopments of zygotic embryos, ovules and fruits, which were mainly determined bythe cross parents. As compared with interspecies crossing, the zygotic division ofintergenus crossing began later, the zygotic embryos developed slowlier and theinvading time of nucellar embryos was also delayed.

关键词： Citrus zygotic embryo nucellar embryonic embryo development citruscrossing

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