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Physiological adaptations of small mammals to desert ecosystems

Integrative Zoology 2009年第4期4卷 357-366页

作者： Hagit SCHWIMMER Abraham HAIM Department of Biology The University of HaifaHaifaIsrael

Adaptations of animals to the xeric environment.have been studied in various taxonomic groups and across several *** the impressive data that have been accumulated,the focus in most of these studies is mainly on the significance of one variable at a ***,we attempt to integrate between responses of several physiological systems,challenged by increasing diet and water salinity and extreme temperatures,acquired in different studies of thermo and osmo-regulatory adaptations,of small rodents,to the xeric *** have shown differen-tial thermoregulatory responses to increased dietary salinity,which were attributed to habitat and habits of the relevant *** the thermoregulatory studies,a potential adaptive significance of low metabolic rate was *** an evolutionary point of view,the most important adaptation is in the timing of reproduction,as it enables the transfer of genetic properties to the next generation in an unpredictable ecosystem,where repro-duction might not occur every *** in this aspect show that increased dietary salinity,through an increase in vasopressin plasma levels,plays an important role as a regulator of the reproductive *** assume that the amount of food existing in the habitat and the amount of reserves in the animal in the form of white adipose tissue are important for *** affects all studied physiological responses,emphasizing the impor-tance of pre-acclimation to seasonal *** summarize the existing data and suggest neuro-endocrine pathways,which have a central role in these adaptations by affecting thermoregulation,osmoregulation and repro-duction to create the optimal response to xeric *** hypotheses can be used as the basis for future studies.

关键词： adaptation osmoregulation thermoregulation vasopressin xeric environment.

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