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Don’t stop me now, I’m having such a good time! Czechoslovakian wolfdogs renovate the motivation to play with a bow

Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 50-58页

作者： Veronica Maglieri Anna Zanoli Fosca Mastrandrea Elisabetta Palagi Unit of Ethology Department of BiologyUniversity of PisaPisa 56126Italy Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of TurinTorino 10123Italy

Dogs engage in play behavior at every age and the play bow is their most iconic playful ***,the function of this posture is still under ***,we selected the Czechoslovakian wolfdog(CWD)as a model breed to clarify the function of the play *** analyzed frame-by-frame 118 sessions of 24 subjects and recorded 76 play bow *** found that all the play bows were performed in the visual field of the playmate suggesting that the sender takes into account the attentional state of the receiver when releasing the *** drawing survival curves and using log-rank test we found that play bow was mainly performed during a short pause in an ongoing session and that its performance triggered the playmate’s reaction *** findings show that play bow functions in restoring the partner motivation to ***,by using a sequential analysis and a generalized mixed model,we found no evidence supporting the metacommunicative function of the play *** signal did not necessarily precede a contact offensive behavior(e.g.,play biting and play pushing)and it was not affected by the level of asymmetry of the play *** conclusion,in CWDs play bow can be considered a visual signal useful to maintain the motivation to play in the ***,we suggest that the mismatched number of play bows emitted by the 2 players in a given session can be predictive of their different motivations to play.

关键词： Canis lupus familiaris first-order intentionality metacommunication motivation play fighting wolf-like traits

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