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Effects of variation in food resources on foraging habitat use by wintering Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha)

Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 186-195页

作者： Meng Zheng Lizhi Zhou Niannian Zhao Wenbin Xu School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Institute of Biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui Biodiversity Information Center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background:The ideal habitat use of waterbirds can be considered to be fixed,but current habitat use depends on environmental conditions,especially those of food characteristics,considered crucial to their use of *** how waterbirds respond to variation in food availability at degraded wetland sites and change their habitat use patterns over spatial and temporal scales should direct future conservation *** objectives of this study were to identify these spatial-temporal foraging habitat use patterns of Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha)and their relationship with food characteristics in the severely degraded wetlands of the Shengjin and Caizi lakes along with the Yangtze River ***:We investigated the changes in food characteristics,relative abundance and density of Hooded Cranes in various habitat types across three winter periods from November 2012 to April *** examined the effect of these winter periods and habitat types on the pattern of use by the cranes and explored the relationship between these patterns and food characteristics using linear ***:The food characteristics and habitat use clearly changed over spatial-temporal *** the early and mid-winter periods,the most abundant,accessible and frequented food resources were found in paddy fields,while in the late period the more abundant food were available in meadows,which then replaced the paddy *** were fewer effects of winter periods,habitat types and their interactions on habitat use patterns except for the effect of habitat types on the relative abundance,determined as a function of food abundance,but independent of food depth and sediment ***:In response to the degradation and loss of lake wetlands,the cranes shifted their habitat use patterns by making tradeoffs between food abundance and accessibility over spatial-temporal scales that facilitated their survival in the mosaic of these lake wetlands.

关键词： Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) Habitat use Food characteristics wintering ecology Foraging habitat

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Temporal-spatial patterns of intestinal parasites of the Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) wintering in lakes of the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain

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Chinese Birds 2014年第1期5卷 40-48页

作者： Wei Huang Lizhi Zhou Niannian Zhao Institute of Biodiversity and Wetland Ecology School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Anhui Provincial Species Information Center Anhui Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve

Background: Parasites have adverse effects on the life and survival of many migratory waterbirds, especially birds on the endangered species list. Hooded Cranes are large migratory colonial waterbirds wintering in wetlands,which are prone to parasite infection, thus monitoring the diversity of parasites is important for sound wetland management and protection of this ***: From November 2012 to April 2013, we collected 821 fresh faecal samples from the three lakes(Poyang,Caizi and Shengjin Lake) in the lower and middle Yangtze River floodplain, and detected with saturated brine floating and centrifugal sedimentation methods. Parasite eggs were quantified with a modified Mc Master's counting ***: In this study, 11 species of parasites were discovered, i.e., two coccidium(Eimeria gruis, E. reichenowi), five nematodes(Capillaria sp., Strongyloides sp., Ascaridia sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Ancylostomatidae), three trematodes(Echinostoma sp., Echinochasmus sp., Fasciolopsis sp.) and one cestode(Hymenolepis sp.). About 57.7% of the faecal samples showed parasitic infection. All species of parasites were found at the three sites except Hymenolepis which was not found at Poyang Lake. While most samples were affected by only one or two species of parasites, infection by Eimeria spp. was the most common(53.1%). From One-Way ANOVA analysis of the three lakes, parasite species richness index(p = 0.656), diversity index(p = 0.598) and evenness index(p = 0.612) showed no significant difference. According to the statistical analysis of our data, there were no significant difference in parasite species richness index(p = 0.678) and evenness index(p = 0.238) between wintering periods, but a strong difference in diversity index(p wintering Hooded Crane populations, parasite diversity is more sensitive to changes in the overwintering periods than to locations. This also indicates that with the limitations of mig

关键词： Hooded Crane wintering population Migratory waterbirds Faecal parasite Parasite diversity

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A Comparison of Habitat Use by wintering Bean Goose and Common Crane in Yeya Lake Wetlands

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湿地科学 2020年第6期18卷 679-686页

作者： CAO Zhen WANG Zhenjie WANG Yang SONG Shikai HONG Jianming GAO De Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Hebei College of Industry and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091HebeiP.R.China Department of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024HebeiP.R.China Department of Life Science Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048P.R.China

Identifying the habitat use in relation with time between 2 bird species in a wetland can help our understanding of how wintering bird species interact and coexist in the same *** detection probabilities of Bean Goose(Anser fabalis)and Common Crane(Grus grus)were investigated in Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve in Beijing over a whole wintering ***,how use proportion of each type of habitats varied with time for 2 bird species was *** the detection probability study,the method of fixed-radius point was used to observe and infer the presence of *** occupancy model was applied to deal with the occupancy of a sampling unit,accounting for imperfect *** the survey for habitat use,the types of habitats that 2 bird species were occupying were investigated by a line-transect ***,the method of multinomial logistic regression was applied to compare the proportions that various types of habitats were used during the days after 2 bird species *** parameters of the detection probability model and multinomial logistic regression equation in a Bayesian framework using Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)simulations were *** detection probability model was used to predict that Bean Goose arrived in Yeya Lake Wetlands in the middle of October and left at the end of March next year,whereas Common Crane arrived at the end of October and left in the middle of April next year,with almost 5 months coexisting in Yeya Lake *** result of the multinomial logistic regression showed Bean Goose gradually decreased use proportion of the water but increased use proportion of grassland over time,and use proportion of farmland remained constant at the beginning but declined *** Crane decreased use proportions of the water and grassland but increased that of farmland over *** Cranes were more competitive for farmland *** was implied that Bean Goose and Common Crane adjusted and segregated the use proportion

关键词： Bean Goose Common Crane habitat coexistence wintering Yeya Lake Wetland

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Spatial Distribution Prediction of Habitats Selected by wintering Common Cranes(Grus grus) at Yeya Lake Wetlands under Land Use Change

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湿地科学 2019年第1期17卷 36-43页

作者： CAO Zhen ZHANG Yu GUO Lida LI Can HONG Jianming GAO De Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Hebei College of Industry and Technology Department of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Normal University Department of Life Science Capital Normal University

Yeya Lake Wetlands are the largest site for wintering birds in Beijing, where common cranes(Grus grus)winters every year. The land cover of the wetlands has undergone distinct changes from 2006 to 2009 as a result of human activities. In 2006, a survey of the presence/absence of the birds was completed using a line-transect method.A predictive model of habitat suitability was derived by using logistic regression and geographic information ***, this habitat suitability model was applied in 2009 under the land use change to test the effectiveness of the model and compare the habitat suitability between 2 years. The negative associations between Grus grus presence and increasing elevation, distances to grassland, to farmland, to bush, and to road suggested a preference for low lying areas in close proximity to food and cover. While the positive associations with distances to buildings and to water suggested a preference for low disturbance areas. The areas of suitable habitats increased from 2006 to 2009, and the spatial model was effective in both years. Habitat preference of Grus grus varied in land use types, therefore habitat suitability dynamics might possibly relate to land use change and thereby be predictable through a geographic information system approach. Although the obtained model had a good fit in both years, it was suspected that if frequent human activities continued, the number of Grus grus might decrease or disappear in this area. According to the field survey, the spacious water area was essential for wintering birds and the risks from loss of lake water and unfavorable crop practices might dramatically change the quality of each type of land use.

关键词： Common Crane geographic information system habitat selection occurrence probability wintering Yeya Lake Wetlands

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In Search of Identity in Language and Irish Geography：On Seamus Heaney＇s wintering. Out

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2017年第6期7卷 648-655页

作者： WU Kai-su Tamkang University Taipei Taiwan

Seamus Heaney in his lifespan of 74 years is lauded not only for his great accomplishment in the field of poetry, butalso for his translation, editing and literary criticism. Yet, when it comes to socio-political affairs, the poet is not aunanimous favorite. Far from being an influential political activist sometimes anticipated by his friends andcountrymen in Ireland, Heaney resorted to his search for identities and for answers to his nation＇s predicament inthe world of words. As a poetic collection published during the political unrest in the seventies, wintering Outdiscloses Heaney＇s composition of the dialectic between the aesthetic and the historical. In this essay, the authorwill look into Heaney＇s four poems in the collection, in which the poet＇s linguistic as well as geographical survey ofhis hometown is indispensible for readers who intend to discern his attitude in the critical period of his artisticformation。

关键词： language, geography, identities, Ireland, wintering Out

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Morphometric Characterization of the Grasshopper Sparrow (<i>Ammodramus savannarum</i>) and Baird’s Sparrow (<i>Ammodramus bairdii</i>) during the wintering Season

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Open Journal of Ecology 2015年第12期5卷 574-581页

作者： Daniel Sierra-Franco Martin Emilio Pereda-Solís José Hugo Martínez-Guerrero Irene Ruvalcaba Ortega Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Cuerpo Académico de Fauna Silvestre Durango México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Cuerpo Académico de Fauna Silvestre Durango México Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Cuerpo Académico de Ecología y Biodiversidad San Nicolás de los Garza México

Grassland bird populations have declined more than any other group of bird species in North America. Some species such as the grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum) and Baird’s sparrows (Ammodramus bairdii) are of particular conservation concern, since they have shown negative trends in their population over the last 50 years. Their winter ecology has only begun to be studied recently and information is limited. The purpose of this study is to achieve the morphometric characterization of these two grassland species during the wintering season. The study is conducted in the Rancho Santa Teresa located in Villa Hidalgo, Durango, Mexico and the Ecological reserve “El Uno”, located in Janos, Chihuahua, Mexico. During winter 2013-2014, 135 birds were captured;banded and zoometric measurements were taken such as total body weight, wing chord, tail length, culmen, and beak depth and width. Two indices of body condition (BCI) are also calculated. All measurements and indices are compared per species and per sex. Both species are sexed with molecular techniques, determining 20 females and 18 males for A. bairdii and 41 females and 56 males for A. savannarum. All variables are significant different between species (p wintering populations of both species.

关键词： Grasshopper Sparrow Baird’s Sparrow wintering Morphometric Body Condition Index

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Non-breeding movements of the Black-tailed Gull(Larus crassirostris)

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 206-214页

作者： Huan Xia Cecilia Nilsson Kasper Thorup Chenxi Jia Fumin Lei Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Center for Macroecology Evolution and ClimateGlobe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2100CopenhagenDenmark Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650223China

With the continued development of tracking technology and increasing interest in animal movement,our understanding of migration behavior has become more ***,there are still many species that have not been well studied,particularly sea ***,we present the first year-round Global Positioning System(GPS)tracking data of the Black-tailed Gull(Larus crassirostris)at the population *** used solar-powered GPS-Global System for Mobile communication(GSM)loggers to successfully track 30 individuals breeding at Xingrentuo Islet,Liaoning Province,China,for 1-3 *** for one individual who roamed in the far north of the Yellow Sea during non-breeding period,all others did a directed southward *** routes and wintering sites differed among migrating gulls and between years for the birds tracked for two or more ***,during wintering,the migrating gulls were more likely to travel over a large body of water and shift sites,and some trajectories were quite complex,which was probably closely related to what we observed in the field about their boat-chasing *** to wintering movements,the post-breeding movements ranged over a smaller ***,almost all of them had a long post-breeding period near the breeding islet(≥120days,<220 km from the breeding islet),and 80%of the gulls who were tracked more than one year had at least one faithful post-breeding *** to the post-breeding period,only approximately half of the migrating gulls had a pre-breeding period that was shorter(3-20 days)and closer to the breeding islet(≤80 km).Migration distance varied among migrating gulls(range 209-2405 km)and the gulls moved least distance during postbreeding ***,we found that the southward movement of the migrating gulls occurred when the temperature near the breeding islet dropped;specifically,the gulls directly migrated southward away from the post-breeding *** results suggest that the B

关键词： Black-tailed Gull GPS tracking Larus crassirostris Migration Post-breeding Pre-breeding Sea bird wintering

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Effect of tillage and burial depth and density of seed on viability and seedling emergence of weedy rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第8期18卷 1914-1923页

作者： ZHANG Zheng GAO Ping-lei DAI Wei-min SONG Xiao-ling HU Feng QIANG Sheng Weed Research Laboratory Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

Weedy rice(Oryza sativa f. spontanea) is one of the three worst paddy weeds in most rice growing areas. The unexpected heavy infestation is derived from a persistence of soil seed bank of weedy rice, which the shattered seeds chiefly feed back to. Information on soil seed bank dynamics is imperative to predict the infestation of weeds. In the present paper,the effect of rotary tillage on weedy rice seed bank structure was studied first, and a burial experiment of marked seeds was conducted to observe the overwintering survival, seed viability and seedling emergence of weedy rice. The results showed that the proportion of weedy rice seeds in deeper soil increased but seedling emergence decreased with increasing plowing depth. The viability of weedy rice seeds decreased as the burial duration time extended but more slowly in deeper soil layers. Additionally, there was no significant effect of burial density on seed viability. Moreover, the logistic model fitted well(R^2≥0.95, P≤0.01) with the depressive trends of seed viability with increasing burial time under all burial depths and densities which can provide us further information about seed survival. In field experiments, number of seedling emergence significantly decreased as seed burial depth increased, conversely, proportion of seedling emergence increased as seed burial density decreased. This study has important implications for determining strategies for weedy rice management by exhausting its seed bank through the alteration of tillage practices.

关键词： seed burial depth seed burial density germination wintering survival seed vertical distribution

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