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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2006年第4期25卷 1-13页

作者： ZHUANG Wei WANG Dongxiao HU Jianyu NI Wensheng Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Environmental Dynamics South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy ofSciences Guangzhou 510301 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005China East China Sea Branch State Oceanic Administration Shanghai 200137 China

Analysis of climatological observation temperature data reveals that during the southwesterly monsoon, there exists a low tempera- ture zone east of Vietnam. It cools down from June to August and warms up in September. Meanwhile, during this period, the cold water mass spreads eastward to the deep basin. Numerical experiments validate the results of data analysis and further verify that there are two basic factors that induce the Vietnam cold water. The major one is the strong local positive wind stress curl, which leads to the divergence of sea surface water and the upward supplement of lower layer water in the deep basin. Another minor one is the alongshore component of southwesterly monsoon, which drives the offshore Ekman transport and coastal upwelling in the shallow region along the Vietnam coast. In addition, the negative wind stress curl in the southern South China Sea inputs negative vorticity to the ocean and drives a strong anticyclonic gyre, which affects the spatial distribution of the cold water evidently.

关键词： Vietnam seasonal upwelling wind stress curl

Generation and propagation of 21-day bottom pressure variability driven by wind stress curl in the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第7期39卷 91-106页

作者： Hua Zheng Xiao-Hua Zhu Hirohiko Nakamura Jae-Hun Park Chanhyung Jeon Ruixiang Zhao Ayako Nishina Chuanzheng Zhang Hanna Na Ze-Nan Zhu Hong-Sik Min State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima 8900056Japan Department of Ocean Sciences Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge 02139USA School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Ocean Circulation and Climate Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and TechnologyBusan 49111Korea

Between June 2015 and June 2017,two pressure-recording inverted echo sounders(PIESs)and five current and pressure-recording inverted echo sounders(CPIESs)deployed along a section across the Kerama Gap acquired a dataset of ocean bottom pressure records in which there was significant 21-day variability(Pbot21).The Pbot21,which was particularly strong from July-December 2016,was coherent with wind stress curl(WSC)on the continental shelf of the East China Sea(ECS)with a squared coherence of 0.65 for a 3-day time lag.A barotropic ocean model demonstrated the generation,propagation,and dissipation of *** modeled results show that the Pbot21 driven by coastal ocean WSC in the ECS propagated toward the Ryukyu Island Chain(RIC),while deep ocean WSC could not induce such *** the continental shelf,the Pbot21 was generated nearly synchronously with the WSC from the coastline to the southeast but dissipated within a few days due to the effect of bottom *** detection of Pbot21 by the moored array was dependent on the 21-day WSC patterns on the continental *** Pbot21 driven southeast of the Changjiang Estuary by the WSC was detected while the Pbot21generated northeast of the Changjiang Estuary was not.

关键词： pressure-recording inverted echo sounder East China Sea bottom pressure wind stress curl

Analysis of monthly variability of thermocline in the South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第2期36卷 205-215页

作者： PENG Hanbang PAN Aijun ZHENG Quan＇an HU Jianyu State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China Ocean Dynamics Laboratory the Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration （SOA） Xiamen 361005 China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park 20742 USA

This study analyzes monthly variability of thermocline and its mechanism in the South China Sea （SCS）. The study is based on 51-year （1960-2010） monthly seawater temperature and surface wind stress data from Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA）, together with heat flux, precipitation and evaporation data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP）, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration （NOAA） and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, respectively. The results reveal that the upper boundary depth （Zup）, lower boundary depth （Zlow）, thickness （AZ） and intensity （Tz） of thermocline in the SCS show remarkable monthly variability. Being averaged for the deep basin of SCS, Zup deepens gradually from May to the following January and then shoals from February to May, while Zow varies little throughout the whole year. Further diagnostics indicates that the monthly variability of Zup is mainly caused by the buoyancy flux and wind stress curl. Using a linear method, the impacts of the buoyancy flux and wind stress curl on Zup can be quantitatively distinguished. The results suggest that Zup tends to deepen about 4.6 m when the buoyancy flux increases by 1 × 10.5 kg/（m·s3）, while it shoals about 2.5 m when the wind stress curl strengthens by 1 × 10-7 N/m3.

关键词： South China Sea thermocline upper boundary depth buoyancy flux wind stress curl

The New Minimum of Sea Ice Concentration in the Central Arctic in 2016

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第3期19卷 569-576页

作者： WANG Ke ZHAO Jinping College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

In view of the extremely low sea ice concentration(SIC) appeared at high latitudes of the Arctic in the summer of 2010, the changes of SIC in the central Arctic from 2010 to 2017 were investigated in this paper based on the AMSR-E/AMSR-2 SIC products retrieved by the NT2 algorithm. The results show that the extremely low sea ice concentration in the central Arctic not only occurred in 2010 but also occurred again in 2016, and the daily average sea ice concentration(ASIC) reached a minimum of 0.70, which was significantly lower than the value of 0.78 in 2010 and became a new historical low record. A large area of sea ice in the sector 150°E–180° in 2010 disappeared in 2016, which was the most important difference to produce the new minimum. Also, the ice edge in 2016 retreated into the 85°N circle, whereas in 2010 it was far from the central Arctic. In 2010 and 2016, there were high correlations between the wind stress curl and the relative variation rate of ASIC, which indicates that wind stress curl(WSC) drove the divergence of sea ice. It directly leads to the decrease in the SIC and is the main cause of the extremely low SIC events. The results in this paper show that the decline of Arctic sea ice is represented by not only the reduction of sea ice coverage but also the reduction of SICs. The central Arctic has always been covered by large amount of sea ices, so the drastic reduction of SIC will not only change the structure of the ice field, but also lead to critical climatic effects that deserve further attention.

关键词： sea ice concentration AMSR-E/AMSR-2 central Arctic wind stress curl

The mean properties and variations of the Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres estimated by Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA) products

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第7期35卷 8-13页

作者： DUAN Yongliang LIU Hongwei YU Weidong HOU Yijun Center for Ocean and Climate Research First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA） products, we study the mean properties and variations of the Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres （SHSGs） in this paper. The results show that the gyre strengths in the SODA estimates are （55.9±9.8）×108 ma/s for the Weddell Gyre （WG）, （37.0±6.4） ×106 ma/s for the Ross Gyre （RG）, and （27.5±8.2）x 106 ma/s for the Australian-Antarctic Gyre （AG）, respectively. There exists distinct connectivity between the adjacent gyres and then forms an oceanic super gyre structure in the southern subpolar oceans. And the interior exchanges are about （8.0±3.2）× 106 ma/s at around 70°E and （4.3±3.1）× 106 m3/s at around 140°E. The most pronounced variation for all three SHSGs occurs on the seasonal time scale, with generally stronger （weaker） SHSGs during austral winter （summer）. And the seasonal changes of the gyre structures show that the eastern boundary of the WG and AG extends considerably further east during winter and the interior exchange in the super gyre structure increases accordingly. The WG and RG also show significant semi-annual changes. The correlation analyses confirm that the variations of the gyre strengths are strongly correlated with the changes in the local wind forcing on the semi-annual and seasonal time scales.

关键词： the subpolar gyres Southern Ocean wind stress wind stress curl

A study of response of thermocline in the South China Sea to ENSO events

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1166-1177页

作者： PENG Hanbang PAN Aijun ZHENG Quan＇an HU Jianyu State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Ocean Dynamics Laboratory The ThirdInstitute of OceanographyState OceanieAdministration（SOA）Xiamen 361005China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandCollege Park 20742USA

This paper investigates the response of the thermocline depth(TD) in the South China Sea(SCS) to the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) events using 51-year(from 1960 to 2010) monthly seawater temperature and surface wind stress data acquired from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA), together with heat flux data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP), precipitation data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) and evaporation data from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution(WHOI). It is indicated that the response of the SCS TD to the El Ni?o or La Ni?a events is in opposite phase. On one hand, the spatial-averaged TDs in the SCS(deeper than 200 m) appear as negative and positive anomalies during the mature phase of the El Ni?o and La Ni?a events, respectively. On the other hand, from June of the El Ni?o year to the subsequent April, the spatial patterns of TD in the north and south of 12°N appear as negative and positive anomalies, respectively, but present positive and negative anomalies for the La Ni?a case. However, positive and negative TD anomalies occur almost in the entire SCS in May of the subsequent year of the El Ni?o and La Ni?a events, respectively. It is suggested that the response of the TD in the SCS to the ENSO events is mainly caused by the sea surface buoyancy flux and the wind stress curl.

关键词： South China Sea (SCS) thermocline depth El Nifio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) buoyancy flux wind stress curl

Numerical Study on the Bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2011年第4期10卷 305-313页

作者： LIU Yulong WANG Qi SONG Jun ZHU Xiande GONG Xiaoqing WU Fang Department of Marine Meteorology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100P.R.China National Marine Data and Information Service Tianjin 300171P.R.China People＇s Liberation Army 91422 Troops Yantai 265200P.R.China

A 1.5-layer reduced-gravity model forced by wind stress is used to study the bifurcations of the North Equatorial Current(NEC).The authors found that after removing the Ekman drift,the modelled circulations can serve well as a proxy of the SODA circulations on the σθ=25.0 kg m～-3 potential density surface based on available long-term reanalysis wind stress *** modelled results show that the location of the western boundary bifurcation of the NEC depends on both zonal averaged and local zero wind stress curl *** effects of the anomalous wind stress curl added in different areas are also investigated and it is found that they can change the strength of the Mindanao Eddy(ME),and then influence the interior pathway.

关键词： North Equatorial Current the western boundary interior pathway bifurcation wind stress curl 1&1/2 Model