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Smart Grid and Renewable energy 2011年第3期2卷 293-299页

作者： Joao Fernando Pereira Gomes Pedro Manuel Cardoso Ddepartment Eng^(a) Quimica Instituto Superior de Engenharia de LisboaLisboaPortugal Ddepartment Eng^(a) Quimica e Biologica Instituto Superior TecnicoLisboaPortugal Sustainable Development Instituto de Soldadura e QualidadePorto-SalvoPortugal

Small wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are frequently located, by necessity, in remote and isolated sites, which increases the difficulty of its energy supply. Some of them are located near the seaside, in environmental sensible zones, and due to tourism activity of these sites, seasonal effects related with population size fluctuation can occur, which can originate certain inefficiencies concerning WWTP design and energy supply. The objective of this paper is to describe a step by step procedure for evaluation of the wind potential of sites that are dependent of in-situ energy generation, as well as, a case study on the utilization of the potential wind energy in Magoito WWTP (5000 p.e.). The employed methodology comprised the collection of one year of in-situ wind data and its validation by comparison with historical data of about 10 years of a nearby anemometric station. The data provided by the two anemometric stations was statistically treated. It allowed the analysis of the results from the two stations are promissory in terms of wind availability and velocity. Finally, it comprised the simulation of the local wind conditions for a considerable larger area in order to find the best site for locating a wind turbine.

关键词： wind energy Wastewater Treatment Plants

Sustainability Assess of wind energy Project Based on Improved BSC-Hierarchy Model

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Sustainability Assess of Wind Energy Project Based on Improv...

A data-driven machine learning approach for yaw control applications of wind farms

2010 Third International Conference on Education Technology and Training (ETT 2010)

作者： Fang Fang Schoool of Economics and Management North China Electric Power University Beijing China Yu Aimin Logistic Services North China Electric Power University Baoding Heibei Province China

As the most mature, the most development potential and the most market competitive renewable energy generation technology, wind power generation has been in a vogue. In recent years, we have seen a rapid development of China’s wind power. However, there are some certain problems in wind power project design, construction and operation. The paper takes security of the wind energy project as an object of research.Considering the latest developing situation, the paper sets up comprehensive index system based on improved -BSC and matter-element analysis model for evaluating security of the wind energy project,The Practice is conductive to discover problems, ensuring a sound and stable development in our wind power industry.

关键词： sustainability assess wind energy improved- BSC hierarchy model

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2023年第5期13卷 341-352页

作者： Christian Santoni Zexia Zhang Fotis Sotiropoulos Ali Khosronejad Department of Civil Engineering Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794United States Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Virginia Commonwealth UniversityVA 23284United States

This study proposes a cost-effective machine-learning based model for predicting velocity and turbulence kineticenergy fields in the wake of wind turbines for yaw control applications.The model consists of an auto-encoderconvolutional neural network(ACNN)trained to extract the features of turbine wakes using instantaneous datafrom large-eddy simulation(LES).The proposed framework is demonstrated by applying it to the Sandia NationalLaboratory Scaled wind Farm Technology facility consisting of three 225 kW turbines.LES of this site is performedfor different wind speeds and yaw angles to generate datasets for training and validating the proposed ACNN.It is shown that the ACNN accurately predicts turbine wake characteristics for cases with turbine yaw angleand wind speed that were not part of the training process.Specifically,the ACNN is shown to reproduce thewake redirection of the upstream turbine and the secondary wake steering of the downstream turbine accurately.Compared to the brute-force LES,the ACNN developed herein is shown to reduce the overall computational costrequired to obtain the steady state first and second-order statistics of the wind farm by about 85%.

关键词： wind energy Machine learning Yaw controlLarge eddy simulations Convolutional neural networks

Impact of Different Parameters on Life Cycle Analysis, Embodied energy and Environmental Emissions for wind Turbine System

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第7期7卷 1005-1015页

作者： Nazia Binte Munir Ziaul Huque Raghava R. Kommalapati Center for energy & Environmental Sustainability Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA

Due to the rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increasing concern for climate change as a result of greenhouse gas effect, every country is looking for ways to develop eco-friendly renewable energy sources. wind energy has become a good option due to its comparative economic advantages and environment friendly aspects. But there is always an ongoing debate if wind energy is as green as it seems to appear. wind turbines once installed do not produce any greenhouse gases during operation, but it can and may produce significant emissions during manufacture, transport, installation and disposal stages. To determine the exact amount of emissions, it is necessary to consider all the stages for a wind turbine from manufacture to disposal. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is a technique that determines the energy consumption, emission of greenhouse gases and other environmental impacts of a product or system throughout the life cycle stages. The various approaches that have been used in the literature for the LCA of wind turbines have many discrepancies among the results, the main reason(s) being different investigators used different parameters and boundary conditions, and thus comparisons are difficult. In this paper, the influence of different parameters such as turbine size, technology (geared or gearbox less), recycling, medium of transport, different locations, orientation of the blade (horizontal or vertical), blade material, positioning of wind turbine (land, coastal or offshore), etc. on greenhouse gas emissions and embodied energy is studied using the available data from exhaustive search of literature. This provides tools to find better solutions for power production in an environmental friendly manner by selecting a proper blade orientation technique, with suitable blade material, technology, recycling techniques and suitable location.

关键词： Embodied energy energy Payback Time Emissions Life Cycle Analysis wind energy

Green hydrogen:A promising way to the carbon-free society

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第3期35卷 2-13页

作者： Ying Zhou Ruiying Li Zexuan Lv Jian Liu Hongjun Zhou Chunming Xu College of Science China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China College of New energy and Materials China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China State Key Lab of Heavy Oil China University of Petroleum-Beijing at KaramayXinjiang 834000China

With increasing importance attached by the international community to global climate change and the pressing energy revolution,hydrogen energy,as a clean,efficient energy carrier,can serve as an important support for the establishment of a sustainable society.The United States and countries in Europe have already formulated relevant policies and plans for the use and development of hydrogen energy.While in China,aided by the“30·60”goal,the development of the hydrogen energy,production,transmission,and storage industries is steadily advancing.This article comprehensively considers the new energy revolution and the relevant plans of various countries,focuses on the principles,development status and research hot spots,and summarizes the different green hydrogen production technologies and paths.In addition,based on its assessment of current difficulties and bottlenecks in the production of green hydrogen and the overall global hydrogen energy development status,this article discusses the development of green hydrogen technologies.

关键词： Hydrogen Hydrogen production Electrolysis of water wind energy Solar energy

Near-surface wind speed changes in eastern China during 1970-2019 winter and its possible causes

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第2期13卷 228-239页

作者： Xiao LI Qiao-Ping LI Yi-Hui DING Mei WANG Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai energy Technology Development Co. LtdShanghai 200233China Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing 210041China

The changes in near-surface wind speed(NWS)have a crucial influence on the wind power industry,and previous studies have indicated that NWS on global and China has declined continuously for decades under global warming.However,recently,the decreasing trend of global NWS has slowed down and even showed a recovery trend.Using the observation data of 831 weather stations of the China Meteorological Administration and the Japanese 55-year reanalysis data from 1970 to 2019,NWS changes in eastern China were analyzed and the possible influencing factors were discussed.Results show that winter NWS presented a decreasing trend from−0.29 m s^(−1) per decade(pwind power generation.A possible cause is asymmetric changes of the sea level pressure and near-surface air temperature differences between the mid-high latitudes(40°-60°N,80°-120°E)and low latitudes(20°-40°N,110°-140°E)altered the horizontal air pressure gradient.Furthermore,NWS changes were closely associated with the large-scale ocean-atmosphere circulations(LOACs).NWS at 77.4%of the stations in eastern China shows significant correlation(p<0.05)with the East Asian winter monsoon index,besides,the inter/multidecadal variability of NWS was considerably correlated to four LOACs,including Arctic oscillation(AO),North Atlantic oscillation(NAO),Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO),and El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).The time-series reconstructed by a multiple linear regression model based on above five LOACs matches well with the NWS.Interannual variability of NWS were significantly correlated to AO(−0.45,p<0.01)and NAO(−0.28,p<0.05),while the correlation between NWS and ENSO was weak.

关键词： Near-surface wind speed wind energy wind speed recovery East Asian winter monsoon Large-scale ocean‒atmosphere circulations

OBSO Based Fractional PID for MPPT-Pitch Control of wind Turbine Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4001-4017页

作者： Ibrahim M.Mehedi Ubaid M.Al-Saggaf Mahendiran T.Vellingiri Ahmad H.Milyani Nordin Bin Saad Nor Zaihar Bin Yahaya Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering(ECE) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering Systems(CEIES) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical&Electronics Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONASMalaysia

In recent times,wind energy receives maximum attention and has become a significant green energy source globally.The wind turbine(WT)entered into several domains such as power electronics that are employed to assist the connection process of a wind energy system and grid.The turbulent characteristics of wind profile along with uncertainty in the design of WT make it highly challenging for prolific power extraction.The pitch control angle is employed to effectively operate the WT at the above nominal wind speed.Besides,the pitch controller needs to be intelligent for the extraction of sustainable secure energy and keep WTs in a safe operating region.To achieve this,proportional–integral–derivative(PID)controllers are widely used and the choice of optimal parameters in the PID controllers needs to be properly selected.With this motivation,this paper designs an oppositional brain storm optimization(OBSO)based fractional order PID(FOPID)design for sustainable and secure energy in WT systems.The proposed model aims to effectually extract the maximum power point(MPPT)in the low range of weather conditions and save the WT in high wind regions by the use of pitch control.The OBSO algorithm is derived from the integration of oppositional based learning(OBL)concept with the traditional BSO algorithm in order to improve the convergence rate,which is then applied to effectively choose the parameters involved in the FOPID controller.The performance of the presented model is validated on the pitch control of a 5 MW WT and the results are examined under different dimensions.The simulation outcomes ensured the promising characteristics of the proposed model over the other methods.

关键词： wind turbine wind energy pitch control brain storm optimization PID controller maximum power point

Estimation of Weibull Distribution Parameters for wind Speed Characteristics Using Neural Network Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1073-1088页

作者： Musaed Alrashidi Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringQassim UniversityBuraidahSaudi Arabia

Harvesting the power coming from the wind provides a green andenvironmentally friendly approach to producing electricity. To facilitate theongoing advancement in wind energy applications, deep knowledge aboutwind regime behavior is essential. wind speed is typically characterized bya statistical distribution, and the two-parameters Weibull distribution hasshown its ability to represent wind speeds worldwide. Estimation of Weibullparameters, namely scale (c) and shape (k) parameters, is vital to describethe observed wind speeds data accurately. Yet, it is still a challenging task.Several numerical estimation approaches have been used by researchers toobtain c and k. However, utilizing such methods to characterize wind speedsmay lead to unsatisfactory accuracy. Therefore, this study aims to investigatethe performance of the metaheuristic optimization algorithm, Neural NetworkAlgorithm (NNA), in obtaining Weibull parameters and comparing itsperformance with five numerical estimation approaches. In carrying out thestudy, the wind characteristics of three sites in Saudi Arabia, namely HaferAl Batin, Riyadh, and Sharurah, are analyzed. Results exhibit that NNA hashigh accuracy fitting results compared to the numerical estimation methods.The NNA demonstrates its efficiency in optimizing Weibull parameters at allthe considered sites with correlations exceeding 98.54.

关键词： Weibull probability density function wind energy numerical estimation method metaheuristic optimization algorithm neural network algorithm

Techno-economic analysis to develop the first wind farm in the Egyptian western desert at Elkharga Oasis

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Clean energy 2022年第1期6卷 211-225页

作者： Mohamed A.Abdelrahman Radwan H.Abdel-Hamid Maged Ahmed Abo Adma Mohamed Daowd Electrical Power and Machines Department Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt

During the past few years,Egypt has increased the share of electricity generation from renewable energy sources to achieve the renewable-energy strategy.The Egyptian Ministry of Electricity and Renewable energy has set an ambitious target to increase the share of renewable energy among the total energy mix to be 20%by 2022 and 42%by 2035.This target will be achieved using several approved policies such as feed-in tariffs,build-own-operate and independent power producers under a merchant scheme.This paper presents a full analysis of wind-potential characteristics at Elkharga Oasis in Egypt based on an actual wind-measurement campaign taken by a met mast at two height levels of 10 and 25 m,respectively.The measurements show an average annual wind speed of 5.72 m/s at 10-m height and 6.53 m/s at>25-m height.The estimated wind speed,however,is 8.38 m/s at 120 m,which is technically convenient to generate electricity from wind energy.In this paper,the wind potential in the area is assessed using the statistical method of the Weibull probability density function.The different methods to estimate the Weibull distribution parameters are presented and the relevant accuracy is verified based on the root mean square error.A techno-economic assessment and selection of the optimal wind-turbine size with ideal micro-sitings are performed using the software package windPRO.Different cases of study for three typical wind-turbine models with various rotor diameters,power capacity,layout configuration and annual yield are assessed at the site.The selection of the most convenient wind turbine is determined based on the IEC 61400 standard criteria and the turbine that produces the lowest levelized cost of electricity.

关键词： wind energy wind-resource assessment Weibull distribution windPRO levelized cost of electricity

Infrastructure of Sustainable energy Development in Pakistan:A Review

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2020年第2期8卷 206-218页

作者： Sidra Kanwal Bilal Khan Muhammad Qasim Rauf the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus 22010Pakistan the Department of Electrical Engineering Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

Pakistan is an energy-resourceful country with vast and untapped renewable energy sources(RESs).The wind,solar,and biomass of the country are practically capable of ending a power sector collapse caused by demand-supply variances.A significant percentage of Pakistan’s population resides in rural areas.For rural population,the lack of connection to the mainstream of national development is a direct consequence of frequent power blackouts and,in certain cases,a lack of grid connection altogether.Lucrative features of smart grid are not fully incorporated into the power network yet,but policy-makers are paying attention to increase RES reliance.A comprehensive study describing the renewable energy potential of Pakistan is of importance.This research work attempts to present a collective summary of Pakistan’s renewable energy potential.A statistical analysis of the proposed and installed projects in various districts are presented.This paper elaborates the pressing needs of renewable energy integration for resolving Pakistan’s energy crisis.Renewable energy projects are acclaimed in this paper for affording higher living standards and better job opportunities than the fossil fuel based industry in Pakistan.Integrating RESs into the national portfolio is guaranteed to offer profound socio-economic benefits to Pakistan’s rural population.

关键词： Biomass energy geothermal energy renewable energy source(RES) solar energy smart grid wind energy