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Three Gorges Dam: friend or foe of riverine greenhouse gases?

National Science Review 2022年第6期9卷 81-89页

作者： Jinren Ni Haizhen Wang Tao Ma Rong Huang Philippe Ciais Zhe Li Yao Yue Jinfeng Chen Bin Li Yuchun Wang Maosheng Zheng Ting Wang Alistair G.L.Borthwick Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Fluxes in River Ecosystems Ministry of Ecology and Environment Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Institut Pierre Simon LaplaceCommissariat à l' énergie Atomique et aux énergies AlternativesCNRS Université de Versailles Saint-Quentinen-Yvelines Key Laboratory of Reservoir Environment Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Department of Water Environment China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy systems Optimization Resources and Environmental Research AcademyNorth China Electric Power University School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh

Dams are often regarded as greenhouse gas(GHG) emitters. However, our study indicated that the world’s largest dam, the Three Gorges Dam(TGD), has caused significant drops in annual average emissions of CO2, CH4and N2O over 4300 km along the Yangtze River, accompanied by remarkable reductions in the annual export of CO2(79%), CH4(50%) and N2O(9%) to the sea. Since the commencement of its operation in 2003, the TGD has altered the carbonate equilibrium in the reservoir area, enhanced methanogenesis in the upstream, and restrained methanogenesis and denitrification via modifying anoxic habitats through long-distance scouring in the downstream. These findings suggest that ‘large-dam effects’ are far beyond our previous understanding spatiotemporally, which highlights the fundamental importance of whole-system budgeting of GHGs under the profound impacts of huge dams.

关键词： Three Gorges Dam greenhouse gas spatiotemporal variation equilibrium Yangtze River whole system analysis

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