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The contribution of distant hybridization with decaploid Agropyron elongatum to wheat improvement in China

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第8期35卷 451-456页

作者： Zhensheng Li Bin Li Yiping Tong State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

wheat is a staple food crop in the world as well as in China. Because of the progress of wheat breeding and other agricultural ＂sci-technologies, the wheat grain yield per unit area has increased more than five folds from 1952 to 2006 in China. The first part of this article briefly reviews the history of wheat breeding in China. Second, the establishment of ＂Triticum aestivum-Agropyron＂ distant hybridization system and its contribution to wheat production and breeding in China are summarized. Finally, the future challenges of wheat breeding are discussed, which include how to increase the utilization efficiencies of water, soil nutrient and light energy through breeding. As an example, our research progress on how to increase light use efficiency in wheat through breeding is introduced and discussed.

关键词： wheat improvement distant hybridization Agropyron elongatum light use efficiency

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CRISPR-mediated acceleration of wheat improvement:advances and perspectives

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第11期50卷 815-834页

作者： Ximeng Zhou Yidi Zhao Pei Ni Zhongfu Ni Qixin Sun Yuan Zong Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Common wheat(Triticum aestivum)is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed crops *** the face of limited arable land and climate changes,it is a great challenge to maintain current and increase future wheat *** agronomic traits in wheat by introducing mutations across all three homoeologous copies of each gene has proven to be a difficult task due to its large genome with high ***,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associ-ated nuclease(Cas)genome editing technologies offer a powerful means of precisely manipulating the genomes of crop species,thereby opening up new possibilities for biotechnology and *** this review,we first focus on the development and optimization of the current CRISPR-based genome editing tools in wheat,emphasizing recent breakthroughs in precise and multiplex genome *** then describe the general procedure of wheat genome editing and highlight different methods to deliver the genome editing reagents into wheat ***,we summarize the recent applications and ad-vancements of CRISPR/Cas technologies for wheat ***,we discuss the remaining chal-lenges specific to wheat genome editing and its future prospects.

关键词： Common wheat CRISPR/Cas Precise genome editing Delivery wheat improvement

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A Unique Aegilops tauschii Genotype Needless to Immature Embryo Culture in Cross with wheat

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第6期44卷 708-713页

作者：刘登才兰秀锦杨足君郑有良魏育明周永红四川农业大学小麦研究所四川都江堰611830

Common or bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD, 2n=42) originated ca. 8 000 years ago from hybridization of tetraploid wheat ( Triticum turgidum L., AABB, 2n=28) and diploid Aegilops tauschii Coss. (DD, 2n=14). An essential prerequisite for this evolutionary step is that the natural hybrids between tetraploid wheat and diploid Aegilops tauschii can produce relatively many filled seeds which germinated well. In this study, without special techniques, e.g. immature embryo culture, out of 22 Ae. tauschii accessions, the genotype AS60 produced relatively many filled seeds which germinated well. The seed germination percentages in the crosses of Ae. tauschii ×tetraploid wheat, tetraploid wheat× Ae. tauschii and Ae. tauschii ×common wheat were, respectively, 50.0%, 57.1% and 45.5%. It seems that Ae. tauschii accession AS60 has a unique genotype which facilitate hybrid seed development and viability, and which meets with the prerequisite for wheat evolutionary. Furthermore, the significance of this finding for common wheat improvement and evolution was discussed.

关键词： Aegilops tauschii common wheat Triticum turgidum immature embryo culture evolution wheat improvement

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