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Spatial Distribution Pattern and Sampling Technique of Spring wheat aphid

Plant Diseases and Pests 2010年第4期1卷 39-41,50页

作者：任月萍贺达汉宁夏大学农学院宁夏银川750021

[ Objective] The aim was to study the spatial distribution pattern and field sampling method of aphid population in spring wheat. [ Method] The aphid quantity in tested wheat field was calculated, the field distribution pattern of wheat aphid was calculated by using aggregated index method, the aggregated reason was analyzed and the field theoretical sampling number was ascertained. [ Result] The wheat aphid population showed aggregation distribution and negative binomial distribution, and such aggregation distribution was induced by interaction of its behavior and environmental factors. The field theoretical sampling number of wheat aphid was related to sample variance and permissible error; the less the sam- ple variance [ S^2 ） was, the less the permissible error [ d＇） was, the bigger the theoretical sampling number without replacement was; when the initial population numbers were different, the theoretical sampling numbers were also different; after the permissible error being set, the bigger the sample variance （ S^2 ） was, the bigger the theoretical sampling number was. [ Conclusion] This study supplied scientific basis for prediction and field control of wheat aphid.

关键词： wheat aphid Spatial distribution pattem Theoretical sampling number

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Toxicity and Antifeedant Activity of Extracts from Walnut Green Husk against wheat aphid

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2010年第4期1卷 36-38页

作者：梁永锋宁夏师范学院化学与化学工程学院宁夏固原756000

[Objective] The research aimed to study the toxicity and antifeedant activity of walnut green husk extract on wheat aphid. [Method] Using ultrasonic extraction, 5 kinds of different polarity solvents were used to prepare the extracts from walnut green husk. The toxicity and antifeedant activity on wheat aphid were determined, [ Result ] Walnut green husk extracts in the solvent of ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate had higher toxicity and antifeedant activity on wheat aphid. When the concentration was 100 mg/ml, after 24 h, the toxicity and antifeedant activity of three kinds extracts on wheat aphid were greater than 84.35% and 66.98%, respectively. After 48 h, the toxicity and antifeedant activity were greater than 85.91% and 79.34%, respectively. Among 5 kinds extracts,ethanol extracts had the highest toxicity and antifeedant activity on wheat aphid. After 24 h, the corrected mortality rate was 93.64% and the antifeedant rate was 83.61%. After 48 h,the corrected mortality rate was 94.95% and antifeedant rate was 92.21%. Petroleum ether extract had the smallest toxicity and antifeedant activity on wheat aphid. After 24 h,the corrected mortality rate and antifeedant rate were 19.54% and 34.65%, respectively. After 48 h,the corrected mortality rate and antifeedant rate were 20.13% and 39. 03%, respectively. [ Conclsion] The extracts from walnut green husk with larger polarity solvent had better toxicity and higher antifeedant activity on wheat aphid.

关键词： Walnut green husk Extracts wheat aphid Biological activity Studies

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Effect of aerial spray adjuvant applying on the efficiency of small unmanned aerial vehicle for wheat aphids control

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第5期11卷 46-53页

作者： Yanhua Meng Yubin Lan Guiying Mei Yongwang Guo Jianli Song Zhiguo Wang College of Engineering South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology Guangzhou 510642China School of Environmental Sciences University of GuelphGuelphONN1G 2W1Canada The National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center Beijing 100125China College of Science China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Aviation Plant Protection Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China Anyang Quanfeng Biological Technology Co. LtdAnyang 455000China

Small unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have been widely used in different aspects of modern farming management,including pest and disease control in China in recent *** this study,the spray performance of a small plant protection UAV at low volume spray was evaluated by adjusting the pesticide dosage and adding aerial spraying *** deposition,droplet density,coverage,control effect and pesticide residue from field trials were *** addition,the residue and control effect of UAV spray were compared to manual knapsack at high volume *** results showed that,the adjuvant applying improved the efficiency of UAV ***,the adjuvant applying reduced the dosage of imidacloprid by 20%.However,there was no significant difference on initial residue between UAV spray and knapsack ***,plant protection UAV spraying pesticide by adding appropriate adjuvant showed the ability of improving the pesticide effectiveness by improving the control efficiency,reducing the pesticide dosage and residue.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) aerial spraying adjuvant deposition control efficiency pesticide residue wheat aphid

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Fitness traits and underlying genetic variation related to host plant specialization in the aphid Sitobion avenae

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Insect Science 2014年第3期21卷 352-362页

作者： Su-Xia Gao De-Guang Liu Hui Chen Xiu-Xiang Meng State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University) Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture College of Forestry Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of China Beijing China

Sitobion avenae （E） is an important cereal pest worldwide that can survive on various plants in the Poaceae, but divergent selection on different host plants shouldpromote the evolution of specialized genotypes or host races. In order to evaluate their resource use strategies, clones of S. avenae were collected from oat and barley. Host-transfer experiments for these clones were conducted in the laboratory to compare their fitness traits. Our results demonstrated that barley clones had significantly lower fecundityand tended to have longer developmental times when transferred from barley to oat. However, oat clones developed faster after they were transferred to barley. Clones fromoat and barley had diverged to a certain extent in terms of fecundity and developmental time of the nymphs. The separation of barley clones and oat clones of S. avenae was alsoevident in a principal component analysis. Barley clones tended to have higher broad-sense heritabilities for fitness traits than oat clones, indicating the genetic basis of differentiationbetween them. Barley clones showed significantly higher extent of specialization compared to oat clones from two measures of specialization （i.e., Xsp and Ysp）. Therefore, barleyclones were specialized to a certain extent, but oat clones appeared to be generalized. The fitness of S. avenae clones tended to increase with higher extent of specialization. Theevolution toward ecological specialization in S. avenae clones, as well as the underlying genetic basis, was discussed.

关键词： biotype ecological specialization population divergence sympatric speciation wheat aphid

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