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中国古生物学会孢粉学分会十届二次学术年会

作者：程颖 Hongyan Liu Hongya Wang 陕西师范大学 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University

Although alpine ecosystems have been commonly recognized as sensitive to recent climate warming,few have accounted for the possible effect of upper atmosphere wind systems on longterm ecosystem evolution.We report a significant and variable westerly circulation influence in the mid-Holocene,associated with the advection of dry air,on the alpine ecosystems of Taibai Mountain（3767 m a.s.l.） in East Asia,despite the climate of this region being currently controlled by the East Asian summer monsoon（EASM）.Proxies of vegetation productivity and soil erosion from a high-resolution alpine lacustrine record dated to the mid-Holocene show that westerly winds have limited the extension of the EASM in the study region,resulting in lower precipitation,which have contributed to the decreased vegetation productivity and subsequently increased soil erosion from 5850 to 4000 calibrated years before present（1950 CE,cal.yr BP）.An opposite phenomenon prevailed from 4000 cal.yr BP to present.Given the relationship between reconstructed westerly versus monsoon flow regimes and vegetation productivity,we show that strengthening westerly winds projected in the future from climate models may offset the warming-induced enhancement of vegetation productivity in the studied mountain region.Our results highlight the importance of the upper atmosphere wind systems on alpine ecosystem evolution.

关键词： westerly wind East Asian summer monsoon vegetation Holocene

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Modulation of Low-Latitude West wind on Abnormal Track and Intensity of Tropical Cyclone Nargis (2008) in the Bay of Bengal

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第2期29卷 407-421页

作者：李维维王春在王东晓杨磊邓奕 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of ScienceGuangzhou 510301 NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory MiamiFloridaUSA

Tropical cyclone （TC） Nargis （2008） made landfall in Myanmar on 02 May 2008, bringing a storm surge, major flooding, and resulting in a significant death toll. TC Nargis （2008） displayed abnormal features, including rare eastward motion in its late stage, rapid intensification before landing. Using reanalysis data and a numerical model, we investigated how a low-latitude westerly wind modulated TC Nargis’ （2008） track and provided favorable atmospheric conditions for its rapid intensification. More importantly, we found a possible counterbalance effect of flows from the two hemispheres on the TC track in the Bay of Bengal. Our analysis indicates that a strong westerly wind burst across the Bay of Bengal, resulting in TC Nargis’ （2008） eastward movement after its recurvature. This sudden enhancement of westerly wind was mainly due to the rapidly intensified mid-level cross-equatorial flow. Our results show that a high-pressure system in the Southern Hemisphere induced this strong, mid-level, cross-equatorial flow. During the rapid intensification period of TC Nargis （2008）, this strong and broad westerly wind also transported a large amount of water vapor to TC Nargis （2008）. Sufficient water vapor gave rise to continuously high and increased mid-level relative humidity, which was favorable to TC Nargis’ （2008） intensification. Condensation of water vapor increased the energy supply, which eventuated the intensification of TC Nargis （2008） to a category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson scale.

关键词： TC Nargis （2008） tropical cyclone westerly wind cross-equatorial flow Bay of Bengal

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