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The effect of weeding frequency and schedule on weeding operation time: a simulation study on a sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) plantation in Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2129-2135页

作者： Keiko Fukumoto Tetsuji Ota Nobuya Mizoue Shigejiro Yoshida Yukio Teraoka Tsuyoshi Kajisa Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable Society Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University1-21-24 KorimotoKagoshima 890-0065Japan Forest and Forest Products Research Institute Forest Research and Management Organization1 MatsunosatoTsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687Japan

This study quantified the effect of weeding frequency and weeding schedules on weeding operation time in a sugi(Cryptomeria japonica)plantation stand.A weeding operation time estimation model was developed;then the cumulative weeding operation time after six growing seasons was simulated using the developed *** developed model included weed height,relative height of weeds to sugi,and initial planting *** simulated cumulative weeding operation time decreased approximately 6%for each one-treatment decrease in weeding *** a three-treatment weeding frequency scenario,the simulated cumulative operation time when weeding was conducted during non-consecutive years was longer than that when weeding was conducted during three consecutive *** results suggest that carrying out weeding treatment during consecutive years is the more effective for reduction of weeding *** conclude that weeding schedule as well as weeding frequency must be considered for reduction of weeding operation time.

关键词： weeding Operation time Simulation Lowcost silviculture Growth model

Design and test of post-seat weeding machine for paddy

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 112-122页

作者： Liang Tian Chengmao Cao Kuan Qin Liangfei Fang Jun Ge School of Engineering Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China

Aiming to solve problems in organic rice weeding a type of post-seat weeding machine was designed for rice *** differences in the strengths and lengths of the root systems between the rice seedlings and the weeds were studied,and the motion track of the weeding wheel was analyzed to obtain the structural parameters of the weeding ***,the structural model of the weeding wheel was *** interaction process between the weeding wheel and soil in the paddy fields was simulated and analyzed based on the discrete element method,so as to investigate the working resistance change tendency of the weeding wheel and the orderliness of the soil *** orthogonal test was designed in this study,with three factors:the hoeing depth,the rotation rate of the weeding wheel,and the forward speed of the *** influences of different operation parameters of the weeding machine on the weeding torque and soil disturbance speed were obtained based on a variance analysis of the test results.A multi-index comprehensive weighted scoring method was used to evaluate the simulation results.A soil bin test was conducted to verify the simulation *** experiments were carried out to test the working performance of the weeding *** comprehensive scoring results indicated that a better working performance of the weeding operation could be obtained when the hoeing depth was 50 mm,the rotation rate of the weeding wheel was 240 r/min,and the forward speed was 0.6 m/*** results of the soil bin test were consistent with the simulation *** results of the field experiment revealed that the weeding machine met the requirements for organic rice *** results can provide a reference for the design of weeding machines for paddy fields.

关键词： paddy field weeding structural parameters discrete element method soil

Integrating Mechanical weeding and Planting for Reduced Labour Input in Paddy Rice under System of Rice Intensification (SRI)

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第2期10卷 121-130页

作者： Mercy Kangai Kathia Bancy Mati Jackline Ndiiri Raphael Wanjogu Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Mwea Irrigation Agricultural Development Centre (MIAD) National Irrigation Board Wanguru Kenya

The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) has been attributed to improvement in rice production with various attributes being accrued from application of the SRI Principles. The most notable are savings on water use and increase in yield. Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) has also paved way for mechanical weed control in paddy fields. One of the major constraints to adoption of SRI is the perceived increased labour input due to the careful transplanting and frequent weed control. This paper evaluates the effect of mechanization on labour input in SRI in comparison to the less mechanized farmer practice. In attempt to reduce drudgery in transplanting under SRI, the drum seeder was used to establish the rice crop by direct seeding. This was then followed by using SRI practices i.e. AWD and mechanical weeding. Direct seeding using a drum seeder was compared to transplanting in both SRI and the common farmer practice. Hand weeding was also evaluated and compared to mechanical weeding. Labour input cost was also compared to the income accrued from the yields. From the study, it was noted that direct seeding using the drum seeder reduced labour input by 97% compared to transplanting. This was possible in that in direct seeding, and there was no nursery preparation and management as in transplanting. The use of a mechanical weeder reduced labour input by 28.3% in relation to hand weeding. Labour input cost for SRI was cheaper (Kshs. 124,080 per hectare) compared to the common farmer practice (Kshs. 139,117.50 per hectare). There was more yield from the SRI practice (2.75 Ton/ha) compared to the common farmer practice (1.88 Ton/ha).

关键词： SRI Labour Input Direct Seeding Mechanical weeding Mwea

Clinical Outcomes of Patients Who Perform High-Load Activities after Total Hip Arthroplasty in Snowy Agricultural Areas

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Surgical Science 2018年第8期9卷 248-255页

作者： Tetsuya Kawano Hiroaki Kijima Toshiaki Aizawa Shin Yamada Natsuo Konishi Hitoshi Kubota Hiroshi Tazawa Takayuki Tani Norio Suzuki Keiji Kamo Yoshihiko Okudera Ken Sasaki Masashi Fujii Yosuke Iwamoto Itsuki Nagahata Takanori Miura Naohisa Miyakoshi Yoichi Shimada Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kita-Akita Municipal Hospital Akita Japan Akita Hip Research Group Akita Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan

Background: In snowy agricultural areas, weeding and snow shoveling are essential activities, and sports activities are common recreational activities. Clarifying the relationships between the degrees of these activities after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and the clinical outcomes may enable us to predict the results of THA for high-load activity patients. Methods: The subjects were 227 post-THA patients who were followed up between 2012 and 2014. Patient-reported outcomes were investigated by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) and a questionnaire on postoperative activity. In addition, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Score (JOA score) was used to quantify hip function. Results: Patients who resumed activities had significantly higher JOA and JHEQ scores than patients who had given up their activities. However, 25.8% of patients had not resumed weeding with a squatting posture. Furthermore, 20% had not resumed sports activities. The most common reason for giving up these activities was fear of implant failure. Conclusions: If the patients were informed that there is no problem restarting their activities after THA, the patients could resume activities and their clinical outcomes may be improved.

关键词： Total Hip Arthroplasty Postoperative Activities weeding Snow Shoveling

Integrated Weed Management Strategies Effects on Agronomic Performance of Rainfed and Irrigated Rice

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2022年第1期12卷 22-34页

作者： Razanamirindra Verohanitra Le Bourgeois Thomas Andrianaivo Alain Paul Rakotozandriny Jean de Neupomuscène Rafalimanana Halitiana Department of Natural Resources Management and Development(GRND) Antananarivo UniversityAmbohitsaina-Antananarivo 101Madagascar Department of Researcher in Weed Science of CIRAD Boulevardde la Lironde Montpellier 34398France Department of Agronomic Research of DRA/FOFIFA Ambatobe Antananarivo 101Madagascar

Weeds cause significant production losses estimated at 25%in tropical countries and constitute main factor limiting rice production in *** research,which was conducted at Anosibe-Ifanja(Antananarivo,Madagascar),aims to propose the most cost-effective weed management strategies for both irrigated and rainfed rice system to improve rice *** make the management of these potential rice weeds effective,two cultural practices were tested as good agricultural and farmers’practices on two rice systems.A phytoecological study and a floristic inventory were carried out on test plots,followed by an economic profitability analysis of management *** rainfed rice,a greater number of species were inventoried(42 species in 14 families)than in irrigated rice(37 species in 9 families).The most important families found in both systems were Poaceae and *** in rainfed rice,two other families are also dominant:Fabaceae and *** study on weed management strategy showed that adoption of in-season and out-of-season tillage combined with regular weeding is effective for weed control in irrigated *** far as rainfed rice is concerned,improved farming practice by integrating in-season tillage with aerial ploughing combined with the use of pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin is more *** research has resulted in an in-depth knowledge of rice weeds and weed control strategies that are only feasible with mechanization or animal traction.

关键词： Weed flora threshold of harmfulness weeding rice growing commune of Anosibe-Ifanja-Madagascar

Effects of Agricultural Practices on Soil Organic Nitrogen Fractions in an Inceptisol of a Cocoa Plantation

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2013年第11期3卷 878-885页

作者： Erwin Prastowo Endang Elfia Yuniasih John Bako Baon Soil and Water Sciences Laboratory Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute Jember East Java 68118 Indonesia Education and Culture Services of Jember District Jember East Java 68118 Indonesia

The effect of agricultural practices on soil organic nitrogen （N） fractions in a cocoa plantation has not been much revealed till now. Despite the fact that soil organic N has been long admitted for its importance to maintain soil fertility. Presented field experiment was conducted in Kaliwining Experimental Station, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute （ICCRI）, Jember, East Java, Indonesia, to investigate the effect of cocoa farm management, namely fertilization, weeding and soil tillage on the content of soil organic N fractions. The design of experiment was arranged in a split-split plot with two levels of weeding as main plots, two levels of soil tillage as subplot and three different fertilizer treatments as sub-sub plot. The analysis of soil N including total N and soil organic N fractions, namely, total hydrolized N, ammonium N, amino sugar N and amino acid N, were performed. The result showed that the effect of fertilization treatment was significant to the content of total N, ammonium N, amino sugar N and amino acid N. No-tillage treatment resulted in total N and amino sugar-N content increasing by 8% and 24%, respectively, over tillage treatment. Slashing treatment caused increase of the total N by 3% from herbicide treatment, whilst decrease of ammonium N and amino sugar N by 7% and 24%, respectively.

关键词： Soil organic N fractions cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) fertilization weeding soil tillage.

Adoption of Herbicides by Arable Crop Farmers in Edo State, Nigeria

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2017年第4期24卷 80-88页

作者： Ebewore Solomon Okeoghene Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Delta State University Asaba Campus 002 Nigeria

This study examined the adoption of herbicides by arable farmers in Edo State. It assessed the proportion of arable farmers using herbicides, level of use and factors affecting adoption of herbicides. Simple random sampling was used to compose a sample size of 556 respondents. Various descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in data analyses. The results showed that onehalf of the respondents used herbicides(27.9% regularly using herbicides), and most of the adopters used non-selective herbicide. Avalanche of factors, including education attainment, farm size and farming experience also affected the adoption of herbicides.

关键词： adoption arable weed-killer weeding weed yield herbicide

Design of Drudgery Reducing Technologies for the Women in Agriculture

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Design of Drudgery Reducing Technologies for the Women in Ag...

A Preliminary Study of the Key Technologies in Rice Seed Production

国际农业工程大会

作者： Suma Hasalkar Renuka Budihal Rajeshwari Shivalli All India Co-Ordinated Research Project-Family Resource Management College of Rural Home Science University of Agricultural Sciences DharwadKamataka （India）M.H.Sc.Senior Scientist Department of Family Resource Management College of Rural Home Science University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad Karnataka （India） M.H.Sc.Assistant Professor All India Co-Ordinated Research Project-Family Resource Management College of Rural Home Science University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad Kamataka（India） Nutan BiradarM.H.Sc.Research Associate

＜正＞ Women have a major place in the agrarian scenario in India. Under All India Coordinated Research Project on Ergonomics of Farmwomen’s Drudgery, research was conducted to assess the drudgery of farmwomen and to evolve tools/techniques that increase the efficiency of the farmwomen. Heart rate, energy expenditure and the perceived exertion by the farmwomen while performing the selected activities were the parameters used to evaluate the traditional

关键词： weeding Top dressing of fertilizer Workload Heart rate Energy expenditure Physiological cost of work Perceived exertion.

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Asian Agricultural Research 2015年第12期7卷 90-92页

作者： Guodong HUA Guanxi LI Delong MENG Duoming WANG Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

To study the production technology of rice seeds,with Lianjing 7 as test material,this paper explores the effects of the key rice seed production,processing and storage technologies( such as nitrogen fertilizer application and management,weeding mode in seed breeding field,temperature control of mechanical drying and water control on seed storage) on the quality of rice seeds. The results show that the optimal application proportion of tillering stage dressing and earing fertilizer is 8: 2,followed by 7 : 3; the best time of weeding is booting stage,with the highest purity; the effect of drying and germination rate is best when the temperature is controlled at 44℃ in mechanical drying process; the seed storage quality and storage costs can be guaranteed when the water content of rice seed is controlled at 18%.

关键词： Rice seed Nitrogen fertilizer application and management weeding period Mechanical drying Water content