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water-use efficiency of four native trees under CO_(2) enrichment and N addition in subtropical model forest ecosystems

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第4期8卷 411-419页

作者： Yiyong Li Juxiu Liu Genyun Chen Guoyi Zhou Wenjuan Huang Guangcai Yin Deqiang Zhang Yuelin Li Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXingke Road 723Guangzhou 510650China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006China

Aims We aimed to evaluate the changes in water-use efficiency(WuE)in native tree species in forests of subtropical China,and determine how coexisting species would be responding to increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentrations and nitrogen(N)*** We used model forest ecosystems in open-top chambers to study the effects of elevated CO_(2)(ca.700μmol mol−1)alone and together with N addition(NH4No3 applied at 100 kg N ha−1year−1)on WuE of four native tree species(Schima superba,Ormosia pin-nata,Castanopsis hystrix and Acmena acuminatissima)from 2006 to *** findingsour result indicated that all species increased their WuE when they were exposed to elevated CO_(2).although higher WuE was shown in faster-growing species(*** and ***)than that of slower-growing species(*** and Acmena acuminatissima),the increased extent of WuE induced by elevated CO_(2) was higher in the slower-growing species than that of the faster-growing species(P<0.01).the N treatment decreased WuE of ***,while the effects on other species were not *** interactions between elevated CO_(2) and N addition increased intrinsic WuE of *** significantly(P<0.001),however,it did not affect WuE of the other tree species *** conclude that the responses of native tree species to elevated CO_(2) and N addition are different in subtropical *** species-specific effects of elevated CO_(2) and N addition on WuE would have important implications on species composition in China’s subtropics in response to global change.

关键词： tree species water-use efficiency CO_(2)enrichment N addition subtropical China

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Modeling grassland net primary productivity and water-use efficiency along an elevational gradient of the Northern Tianshan Mountains

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 354-365页

作者： QiFei HAN GePing LUO ChaoFan LI Hui YE YaoLiang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Mountainous ecosystems are considered highly sensitive and vulnerable to natural disasters and cli- rnatic changes. Therefore, quantifying the effects of elevation on grassland productivity to understand ecosys- tem-climate interactions is vital for mountainous ecosystems. water-use efficiency （WUE） provides a useful index for understanding the metabolism of terrestrial ecosystems as well as for evaluating the degradation of grasslands. This paper explored net primary productivity （NPP） and WUE in grasslands along an elevational gradient ranging from 400 to 3,400 m asl in the northern Tianshan Mountains-southern Junggar Basin （TMJB）, Xinjiang of China, using the Biome-BGC model. The results showed that： 1 ） the NPP increased by 0.05 g C/（m2-a） with every increase of 1-m elevation, reached the maximum at the mid-high elevation （1,600 m asl）, and then decreased by 0.06 g C/（m2.a） per 1-m increase in elevation; 2） the grassland NPP was positively correlated with temperature in alpine meadow （AM, 2,700-3,500 m asl）, mid-mountain forest meadow （MMFM, 1,650-2,700 m asl） and low-mountain dry grassland （LMDG, 650-1,650 m asl）, while positive correlations were found between NPP and annual precipitation in plain desert grassland （PDG, lower than 650 m asl）; 3） an increase （from 0.08 to 1.09 g C/（m2.a）） in mean NPP for the grassland in TMJB under a real climate change scenario was observed from 1959 to 2009; and 4） remarkable differences in WUE were found among different elevations, in general, WUE increased with decreasing elevation, because water availability is lower at lower elevations; however, at elevations lower than 540 m asl, we did observe a decreasing trend of WUE with decreasing elevation, which may be due to the sharp changes in canopy cover over this gradient. Our research suggests that the NPP simulated by Biome-BGC is consistent with field data, and the modeling provides an opportunity to further evaluate interactions between environmental factors and ecosystem

关键词： elevational gradient net primary production water-use efficiency climate

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Quantitative Variation in water-use efficiency across water Regimes and Its Relationship with Circadian, Vegetative, Reproductive, and Leaf Gas-Exchange Traits

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 653-668页

作者： Christine E. Edwards Brent E. Ewers C. Robertson McClung Ping Lou Cynthia Weinig Department of Botany University of Wyoming Laramie WY 82071 USA Present address： USACE ERDC Environmental Laboratory 3909 Halls Ferry Road Vicksburg MS 39180 USA Program in Ecology University of Wyoming Laramie WY 82071 USA Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA

Drought limits light harvesting, resulting in lower plant growth and reproduction. One trait important for plant drought response is water-use efficiency （WUE）. We investigated （1） how the joint genetic architecture of WUE, reproductive characters, and vegetative traits changed across drought and well-watered conditions, （2） whether traits with distinct developmental bases （e.g. leaf gas exchange versus reproduction） differed in the environmental sensitivity of their genetic architecture, and （3） whether quantitative variation in circadian period was related to drought response in Brassica rapa. Overall, WUE increased in drought, primarily because stomatal conductance, and thus water loss, declined more than carbon fixation. Genotypes with the highest WUE in drought expressed the lowest WUE in well-watered conditions, and had the largest vegetative and floral organs in both treatments. Thus, large changes in WUE enabled some genotypes to approach vegetative and reproductive trait optima across environments. The genetic architecture differed for gas-exchange and vegetative traits across drought and well-watered conditions, but not for floral traits. Correlations between circadian and leaf gas-exchange traits were significant but did not vary across treatments, indicating that circadian period affects physiological function regardless of water availability. These results suggest that WUE is important for drought tolerance in Brassica rapa and that artificial selection for increased WUE in drought will not result in maladaptive expression of other traits that are correlated with WUE.

关键词： Brassica rapa drought ecophysiology floral traits G matrix leaf gas-exchange traits water-use efficiency vegetative traits

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Effects of Phosphorus Application in Different Soil Layers on Root Growth, Yield, and water-use efficiency of Winter Wheat Grown Under Semi-Arid Conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第9期13卷 2028-2039页

作者： KANG Li-yun YUE Shan-chao LI Shi-qing Sate Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University College of Forestry Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University

Deep phosphorus application can be a usefull measure to improve crops＇ performance in semi-arid regions, but more knowledge of both its general effects and effects on specific crops is required to optimize treatments. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of phosphorus（P） application at different soil layers on root growth, grain yield, and water-use efficiency（WUE） of winter wheat grown on the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China and to explore the relationship between root distribution and grain yield. The experiment consisted of four P treatments in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and two cultivars： one drought-sensitive（Xiaoyan 22, XY22） and one drought-tolerant（Changhan 58, CH58）. The four P treatments were no P（control, CK）, surface P（SP）, deep P（DP）, and deep-band P application（DBP）. CH58 produced larger and deeper root systems, and had higher grain yields and WUE, under the deep P treatments（DP and DBP） than under SP, clearly showing that deep P placement had beneficial effects on the drought-tolerant cultivar. In contrast, the grain yield and root growth of XY22 did not differ between DP or DBP and SP treatments. Further, root dry weight（RW） and root length（RL） in deep soil layer（30-100 cm） were closely positively correlated with grain yield and WUE of CH58（but not XY22）, highlighting the connections between a well-developed subsoil root system and both high grain yield and WUE for the drought-tolerant cultivar. WUE correlated strongly with grain yield for both cultivars（r=0.94, P〈0.001）. In conclusion, deep application of P fertilizer is a practical and feasible means of increasing grain yield and WUE of rainfed winter wheat in semi-arid regions, by promoting deep root development of drought-tolerant cultivars.

关键词： water stress phosphorus application soil layers grain yield root growth water-use efficiency

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Overexpression of MdMIPS1 enhances drought tolerance and water-use efficiency in apple

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第7期21卷 1968-1981页

作者： HU Ling-yu YUE Hong ZHANG Jing-yun LI Yang-tian-su GONG Xiao-qing ZHOU Kun MA Feng-wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYang ling 712100P.R.China

Myo-inositol and its derivatives play important roles in the tolerance of higher plants to abiotic stresses, and myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase(MIPS) is the rate-limiting enzyme in myo-inositol biosynthesis. In this study, we found that increased myo-inositol biosynthesis enhanced drought tolerance in MdMIPS1-overexpressing apple lines under shortterm progressive drought stress. The effect of myo-inositol appeared to be mediated by the increased accumulation of osmoprotectants such as glucose, sucrose, and proline, and by the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes that eliminate reactive oxygen species. Moreover, enhanced water-use efficiency(WUE) was observed in MdMIPS1-overexpressing apple lines under long-term moderate water deficit conditions that mimicked the water availability in the soil of the Loess Plateau. Enhanced WUE may have been associated with the synergistic regulation of osmotic balance and stomatal aperture mediated by increased myo-inositol biosynthesis. Taken together, our findings shed light on the positive effects of MdMIPS1-mediated myo-inositol biosynthesis on drought tolerance and WUE in apple.

关键词： apple MdMIPS1 myo-inositol water deficit drought tolerance water-use efficiency

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Symbiotic performance,shoot biomass and water-use efficiency of three groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)genotypes in response to phosphorus supply under field conditions in Ethiopia

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第4期7卷 455-466页

作者： Sofiya KMUHABA Felix DDAKORA Department of Soil Fertility and Health Management Debre Zeit Agricultural Research CenterEthiopian Institute of Agricultural ResearchPO Box 32Debre ZeitEthiopia Department of Crop Sciences Tshwane University of TechnologyPrivate Bag X680Pretoria 0001South Africa Department of Chemistry Tshwane University of TechnologyArcadia CampusPrivate Bag X680175 Nelson Mandela DrivePretoria 0001South Africa

Phosphorus is a key nutrient element involved in energy transfer for cellular metabolism,respiration and photosynthesis and its supply at low levels can affect legume nodulation,N2 fixation,and C assimilation.A twoyear field study was conducted in Ethiopia in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the effects of P supply on growth,symbiotic N2 nutrition,grain yield and water-use efficiency of three groundnut *** P to the genotypes significantly increased their shoot biomass,symbiotic performance,grain yield,and C *** was,however,no effect on shootδ13C values in either *** to the zero-P control,supplying 40 kg$ha–1 P markedly increased shoot biomass by 77%and 66%in 2012 and 2013,*** both years,groundnut grain yields were much higher at 20 and 30 kg$ha–1 *** supply markedly reduced shootδ15N values and increased the%Ndfa and amount of Nfixed,indicating the direct involvement of P in promoting N2 fixation in nodulated *** three genotypes differed significantly inδ15N,%Ndfa,N-fixed,grain yield,C concentration,andδ*** phosphorusgenotype interaction was also significant for shoot DM,N content,N-fixed and soil N uptake.

关键词： shoot yield N-fixed %Ndfa δ15N δ13C water-use efficiency

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Effects of nitrogen addition and mowing on nitrogen-and water-use efficiency oi Artemisia frigida in a grassland restored from an abandoned cropland

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第3期14卷 515-526页

作者： Huajie Diao Paul Kardol Kuanhu Dong Changhui Wang College of Grassland Science Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Youyu Loess Plateau Grassland Ecosystem Research Station Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences901-83 UmcaSweden

Aims Competition among plants in a community usually depends on their nitrogen(N)-use efficiency(NUE)and water-use efficiency(WUE)in arid and semi-arid *** frigida is an indicator species in heavily degraded grassland,however,how its NUE and WUE respond to N addition in different successional stages is still unclear,especially with mowing,a common management practice in semi-arid *** Based on a long-term controlled experiment with N addition and mowing in an abandoned cropland from 2006 to 2013,we investigated the NUE and WUE oi *** in two patches(*** and herb patches)in 2013 which represented two potential successional stages from herb to grass *** coverage of *** was higher(about 50%)in the herb patch than in the grass patch(about 10%).Stable isotopic C(δ^(13)C)and N(δ^(15)N)as well as C and N pools were measured in plants and *** was calculated as leaf C/N,and leafδ^(13)C values were used as a proxy for *** Findings N addition did not affect WUE of ***,but significantly decreased NUE by 42.9%and 26.6%in grass and herb patches,*** response of NUE to N addition was related to altering utilization of different N sources(NH_(4)^(+)***_(3)^(-))by *** according to the changed relationship between leafδ^(15)N/soil 615N and *** had no effect on NUE regardless of N addition,but significantly increased WUE by 2.3%for *** without N addition in the grass *** addition of N reduced the positive effect of mowing on its WUE in grass *** results suggested that decreased NUE and/or WUE of *** under mowing and N addition could reduce its competition,and further accelerate restoration succession from the abandoned cropland to natural grassland in the semi-arid region.

关键词： mowing nitrogen addition nitrogen-use efficiency semi-arid grassland water-use efficiency

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Variation of water-use efficiency of Leymus chinensis and Cleistogenes squarrosa in Different Plant Communities in Xilin River Basin, Nei Mongol

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第12期44卷 1484-1490页

作者：陈世苹白永飞韩兴国中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室北京100093

water is usually considered to be a key limiting factor for the growth and reproduction of steppe plants in the Xilin River Basin, Nei Mongol. Foliar delta C-13 values, an indicator of long-term intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and thus of water-use efficiency (WUE) in plants, were measured on Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. and Cleistogenes squarrosa (Trin.) Keng. in six communities of different habitats in die Xilin River Basin. The foliar delta C-13 values of both species tended to increase with decreasing soil water content (SWC) and a significant negative correlation was found between foliar delta C-13 Values and SWC in different soil layers, indicating that the two species could change WUE according to water availability. We also found relatively constant leaf water contents (LWC) of the two species in different habitats. Our results implied that the two steppe species might have adapted to different soil water regimes either through adjusting stomatal conductance to get a proper WUE, or through enhancing the osmosis-regulating ability to keep a relatively stable LWC. Our findings could partially explain why the two plant species have a wide distribution range and become dominant in the Xilin River Basin.

关键词： Xilin River Basin Leymus chinensis Cleistogenes squarrosa water-use efficiency delta C-13 value

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Responses of water use efficiency to phenology in typical subtropical forest ecosystems——A case study in Zhejiang Province

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第1期63卷 145-156页

作者： Fengsheng GUO Jiaxin JIN Bin YONG Ying WANG Hong JIANG State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China School of Culture Industry and Tourism Management Sanjiang UniversityNanjing 210012China International Institute for Earth System Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Ecosystem-scale water-use efficiency(WUE) is an important indicator for understanding the intimately coupled relationship between carbon and water cycles in ecosystems. Previous studies have suggested that both abiotic and biotic factors have significant effects on WUE in forest ecosystems. However, responses of WUE to phenology in the context of climate change remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the sensitivity and response patterns of seasonal WUE to phenology in Zhejiang Province where typical subtropical forest ecosystems are located, and discussed potential causes of the changes of the sensitivity and response patterns along different climate gradient during 2000–2014. The results of interannual partial correlation analysis showed widespread negative correlations between WUE and the start of growing season(SOS) in spring. This is because the increase in gross primary product(GPP) is larger than that of evapotranspiration(ET), resulting from an advanced SOS. The positive correlation between WUE and SOS was widely observed in summer mainly because of water stress and plant ecological strategy. The autumn WUE enhanced with the delay in the end of growing season(EOS)mainly because of the increase in GPP meanwhile the decrease or steadiness in ET, resulting from a delayed EOS. In space, the sensitivity of spring WUE to SOS significantly decreased along the radiation gradient, which might be related to strong soil evaporation in high radiation area;the sensitivity of WUE to SOS in summer showed a positive correlation with precipitation and a negative correlation with temperature, respectively, which might be attributed to the compensation of GPP to the delayed SOS and water stress caused by high temperature. The sensitivity of WUE to EOS increased significantly along the radiation and precipitation gradients in autumn, which may be because the increase of radiation and precipitation provides more water and energy for photosynthesis.

关键词： water-use efficiency Gross primary product Evapotranspiration Phenology Climate gradient Forest

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Decline in tree-ring growth of Picea mongolica and its intra-annual eco-physiological responses to drought and CO_(2) enrichment in semi-arid China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 89-101页

作者： Xiaomin Zeng Ping Ni Xiaohong Liu Wenzhi Wang Yao Li Wenchao Wang School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China The Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041People’s Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Episodes of drought-induced decline in tree growth and mortality are becoming more frequent as a result of climate warming and enhanced water stress in semi-arid ***,the ecophysiological mechanisms under-lying the impact of drought on tree growth remains *** this study,earlywood and latewood tree-ring growth,δ^(13)C,andδ^(18)O chronologies of Picea mongolica from 1900 to 2013 were developed to clarify the intra-and inter-annual tree-ring growth responses to increasingly fre-quent *** results indicate that annual basal area increment residuals(BAI_(res)),which removed tree age and size effects,have significantly decreased since ***-ever,the decreasing trend of earlywood BAI_(res) was higher than that of *** response analysis suggests that the dominant parameters for earlywood and latewood proxies(BAI_(res),δ^(13)C andδ^(18)O)were drought-related climate variables(Palmer drought severity index,temperature,rela-tive humidity,and vapor pressure deficit).The most signifi-cant period of earlywood and latewood proxies’responses to climate variables were focused on June-July and July-August,***_(res),andδ^(13)C were significantly affected by temperature and moisture conditions,whereasδ^(18)O was slightly *** stomatal conduct-ance due to drought outweighed the influence of increasing CO_(2) on intrinsic water use efficiency(iWUE),and ultimately led to a decline in BAI_(res).Compared to latewood,the faster decreasing BAI_(res) and smaller increasing iWUE of early-wood suggested trees were more vulnerable to water stress in the early growing *** study provides insights into the inter-and intra-annual mechanisms of tree-ring growth in semi-arid regions under rising CO_(2) and climate change.

关键词： Tree growth Drought water-use efficiency Seasonal differences Stable isotopes

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