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Efficient water-saving irrigation,Space Efficiency and Agricultural Development——Study Based on Spatial Stochastic Frontier Model

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2023年第6期36卷 2559-2579页

作者： HAN Aihua HUANG Jian WANG Xin ZHU Zhengyuan Statistics and Mathematics School Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan430073China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesUSA

Xinjiang's agriculture is a typical irrigated agriculture for its agriculture water consumption accounts for 96%of the total water use.As a typical resource-deficient area,the key to Xinjiang's agricultural development is saving water.This paper takes the high-efficient water-saving irrigation technology of 41 regions along the Tarim River from 2002 to 2013 as the research object,adopts spatial stochastic frontier model to measure the space efficiency of high-efficient water-saving irrigation technology,and analyzes the effect of water-saving irrigation technology on agricultural development.Results show that the water-saving irrigation technology has a spatial effect,if neglecting it,the error of missing variables will occur,and the average loss will be 6.98 percentage points.The spatial correlation effect promotes the improvement of the efficiency of water-saving irrigation technology.The spatial heterogeneity leads to the spatial imbalance of the efficiency of water-saving irrigation technology.The promotion of agricultural water-saving irrigation technology can increase production and the efficiency of agricultural development.Due to the technical heterogeneity of different types of water-saving irrigation technology,the contribution to the development of agriculture is also different.The study finds that water-saving irrigation technology of drip irrigation in the Tarim River contributes more to agricultural development.

关键词： Spatial stochastic frontier model Tarim river basin water-saving irrigation

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Split nitrogen fertilizer application improved grain yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via modulating antioxidant capacity and ^(13)C photosynthate mobilization under water-saving irrigation conditions

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 290-302页

作者： Zhen Zhang Zhenwen Yu Yongli Zhang Yu Shi Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System Ministry of AgricultureShandong Agricultural UniversityTai-an 271017ShandongChina

A water-saving cultivation technique of supplementary irrigation based on soil moisture levels has been adopted for winter wheat production in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China,due to the enhanced water-use efficiency.However,appropriate split nitrogen management may further improve crop growth and grain yield.Here,we conducted a 2-year field experiment to determine if split nitrogen management might improve wheat productivity by enhancing ^(13)C photosynthate mobilization and the antioxidant defense system under water-saving conditions.Split nitrogen management involved a constant total nitrogen rate(240 kg ha^(−1))split in four different proportions between sowing and jointing stage,i.e.,10:0(N1),7:3(N2),5:5(N3),and 3:7(N4).The N3 treatment significantly enhanced“soil-plant analysis development”values,superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity,soluble protein content,sucrose content,and sucrose phosphate synthetase activity,although it reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde(MDA).The N3 treatment ultimately increased the amount of dry matter assimilation after anthesis significantly.In addition,the ^(13)C isotope tracer experiment revealed that the N3 treatment promoted the assimilation of carbohydrates after anthesis and their partitioning to the developing grains.Compared to the unequal ratio treatments(N1,N2,and N4),the equal ratio treatment(N3)increased grain yield by 5.70–16.72%via increasing 1000-grain weight and number of grains per spike in both growing seasons.Therefore,we recommend the use of a 5:5 basal-topdressing split nitrogen fertilizer application under water-saving irrigation conditions to promote antioxidant enzyme activity and the remobilization of photosynthate after anthesis for improving wheat grain yield.

关键词： Split nitrogen fertilization Modulating antioxidant capacity ^(13)C photosynthate mobilization water-saving irrigation

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Optimization of inter-seasonal nitrogen allocation increases yield and resource-use efficiency in a water-limited wheat-maize cropping system in the North China Plain

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 907-914页

作者： Xiaonan Zhou Chenghang Du Haoran Li Zhencai Sun Yifei Chen Zhiqiang Gao Zhigan Zhao Yinghua Zhang Zhimin Wang Ying Liu College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau Taigu 030801ShanxiChina

Winter wheat–summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain often experiences droughtinduced yield reduction in the wheat season and rainwater and nitrogen(N)fertilizer losses in the maize season.This study aimed to identify an optimal interseasonal water-and N-management strategy to alleviate these losses.Four ratios of allocation of 360 kg N ha^(-1)between the wheat and maize seasons under one-time presowing root-zone irrigation(W0)and additional jointing and anthesis irrigation(W2)in wheat and one irrigation after maize sowing were set as follows:N1(120:240),N2(180:180),N3(240:120)and N4(300:60).The results showed that under W0,the N3 treatment produced the highest annual yield,crop water productivity(WPC),and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN).Increased N allocation in wheat under W0 improved wheat yield without affecting maize yield,as surplus nitrate after wheat harvest was retained in the topsoil layers and available for the subsequent maize.Under W2,annual yield was largest in the N2 treatment.The risk of nitrate leaching increased in W2 when N application rate in wheat exceeded that of the N2 treatment,especially in the wet year.Compared to W2N2,the W0N3 maintained 95.2%grain yield over two years.The WPCwas higher in the W0 treatment than in the W2 treatment.Therefore,following limited total N rate,an appropriate fertilizer N transfer from maize to wheat season had the potential of a“triple win”for high annual yield,WPCand PFPN in a water-limited wheat–maize cropping system.

关键词： Cropping system water-saving irrigation North China Plain Nitrogen optimization Sustainable intensification

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Study on the Suitable water-saving irrigation Technology for Mining Areas in the Northwestern Arid Desert Regions in China

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第10期8卷 127-133页

作者： Yanping Liu Hao Rong Dan Shan Zhanqi Liang Institute of water Resources for Pastoral Area of the Ministry of water Resources of China Hohhot China

water is the key factor to ensure plant survival in the process of ecological restoration in the coal base of China northwest deserts. On the premise of meeting the mine production and living water demands, we should take measures such as dirt wastewater treatment and water-saving irrigation to increase income and reduce expenditure and allocate limited water re-sources rationally, to provide mining area ecological restoration maximum usable water resources. The mining dump has large slope and thin soil layer and it is easy to produce surface runoff. So it is particularly important to study the irrigation technology needed to satisfy vegetation restoration, on the premise of guaranteeing not to produce surface runoff and the slope stability. In this paper, through field plot test, the suitable irrigation method for mine slope, slope surface soil moisture migration characteristics and slope stability analysis were studied. Results show that three slope ir-rigation technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages. On the whole, the effect of drip irrigation is the best, micro spray irrigation is the second, infiltrating irrigation is not ideal. The permeability of mine soil slope is very strong, the infiltration rate of the slope direction is the high-est, inverse slope infiltration rate is lowest. In the process of irrigation, with the increase of soil moisture content, slope safety factor is the decreased obviously, the whole slope surface soil moisture content is 14% for the slope stability safety threshold.

关键词： Mining Areas Vegetation Restoration Side Slope water-saving irrigation Stability

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Study on the Suitable water-saving irrigation Technology for Mining Areas in the Northwestern Arid Desert Regions in China

Study on the Suitable Water-Saving Irrigation Technology for...

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作者： Yanping Liu Hao Rong Dan Shan Zhanqi Liang Institute of water Resources for Pastoral Area of the Ministry of water Resources of China

water is the key factor to ensure plant survival in the process of ecological restoration in the coal base of China northwest deserts. On the premise of meeting the mine production and living water demands, we should take measures such as dirt wastewater treatment and water-saving irrigation to increase income and reduce expenditure and allocate limited water resources rationally, to provide mining area ecological restoration maximum usable water resources. The mining dump has large slope and thin soil layer and it is easy to produce surface runoff. So it is particularly important to study the irrigation technology needed to satisfy vegetation restoration, on the premise of guaranteeing not to produce surface runoff and the slope stability. In this paper, through field plot test, the suitable irrigation method for mine slope, slope surface soil moisture migration characteristics and slope stability analysis were studied. Results show that three slope irrigation technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages. On the whole, the effect of drip irrigation is the best, micro spray irrigation is the second, infiltrating irrigation is not ideal. The permeability of mine soil slope is very strong, the infiltration rate of the slope direction is the highest, inverse slope infiltration rate is lowest. In the process of irrigation, with the increase of soil moisture content, slope safety factor is the decreased obviously, the whole slope surface soil moisture content is 14% for the slope stability safety threshold.

关键词： Mining Areas Vegetation Restoration Side Slope water-saving irrigation Stability

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Non-negligible factors in low-pressure sprinkler irrigation:droplet impact angle and shear stress

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第11期14卷 1293-1316页

作者： HUI Xin ZHENG Yudong MUHAMMAD Rizwan Shoukat TAN Haibin YAN Haijun College of water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center of Agricultural water-saving and water Resources Ministry of EducationBeijing 100083China Semi-arid Agriculture Engineering&Technology Research Center of China Shijiazhuang 050051China

Droplet shear stress is considered as an important indicator that reflects soil erosion in sprinkler irrigation more accurately than kinetic energy,and the effect of droplet impact angle on the shear stress cannot be ignored.In this study,radial distribution of droplet impact angles,velocities,and shear stresses were investigated using a two-dimensional video disdrometer with three types of low-pressure sprinkler(Nelson D3000,R3000,and Komet KPT)under two operating pressures(103 and 138 kPa)and three nozzle diameters(3.97,5.95,and 7.94 mm).Furthermore,the relationships among these characteristical parameters of droplet were analyzed,and their influencing factors were comprehensively evaluated.For various types of sprinkler,operating pressures,and nozzle diameters,the smaller impact angles and larger velocities of droplets were found to occur closer to the sprinkler,resulting in relatively low droplet shear stresses.The increase in distance from the sprinkler caused the droplet impact angle to decrease and velocity to increase,which contributed to a significant increase in the shear stress that reached the peak value at the end of the jet.Therefore,the end of the jet was the most prone to soil erosion in the radial direction,and the soil erosion in sprinkler irrigation could not only be attributed to the droplet kinetic energy,but also needed to be combined with the analysis of its shear stress.Through comparing the radial distributions of average droplet shear stresses among the three types of sprinklers,D3000 exhibited the largest value(26.94-3313.51 N/m^(2)),followed by R3000(33.34-2650.80 N/m^(2)),and KPT(16.15-2485.69 N/m^(2)).From the perspective of minimizing the risk of soil erosion,KPT sprinkler was more suitable for low-pressure sprinkler irrigation than D3000 and R3000 sprinklers.In addition to selecting the appropriate sprinkler type to reduce the droplet shear stress,a suitable sprinkler spacing could also provide acceptable results,because the distance from the sprinkler exhibited a highly significan

关键词： center pivot irrigation system water droplet universal model soil erosion water-saving irrigation

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Effects of alternate moistube-irrigation on soil water infiltration

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 151-158页

作者： Lixia Shen Yumeng Zhang Mei Yang Ronghao Liu College of water Conservancy and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwestern UniversityXi’an 710127China

Alternate moistube-irrigation is a new type of water-saving irrigation,and research on water infiltration with alternate moistube-irrigation is important for the design of irrigation schemes and helpful to understand and apply this technology.The effects of the pressure head(1.0 m and 1.5 m)and tube spacing(10 cm,20 cm,and 30 cm between two moistubes respectively)on soil water infiltration in alternate moistube-irrigation were studied in laboratory experiments,and the cumulative infiltration,discharge of the moistube,and shape and water distribution of the cross-section of the wetting front were determined.The cumulative infiltration increased quickly and linearly with the infiltration time at 0-96 h(R^(2)>0.99),and changed smoothly at 96-192 h with a basically steady infiltration rate.The discharge of the moistube increased rapidly at the beginning of irrigation,then decreased before stabilizing.The cumulative infiltrations and discharges of moistube under the 1.5 m pressure head were more than those under the 1.0 m pressure head.The shape of the cross-section of the wetting front for a single moistube was similar to a concentric circle.With the increase of tube spacing,the interaction between water infiltrations of two moistubes decreased.The soil water distributions around two moistubes were similar to each other under the 1.0 m pressure head and large tube spacing.When the tube spacing was 20 cm,the soil water distribution was more uniform around two moistubes.

关键词： alternate irrigation moistube-irrigation soil water infiltration water use efficiency water-saving irrigation

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节水灌溉设施的粮食生产增效机制

农业经济研究

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农业经济研究 2021年第11期

作者：陈宏伟穆月英

基于2000-2018年中国30个省份的平衡面板数据，综合运用DEA-Malmquist指数法、面板工具变量法和面板门槛模型分析节水灌溉设施对粮食全要素生产率增长的影响及作用机制。结果表明：节水灌溉设施通过技术进步和技术效率改进两条路径提升... 详细信息

基于2000-2018年中国30个省份的平衡面板数据，综合运用DEA-Malmquist指数法、面板工具变量法和面板门槛模型分析节水灌溉设施对粮食全要素生产率增长的影响及作用机制。结果表明：节水灌溉设施通过技术进步和技术效率改进两条路径提升粮食全要素生产率，且技术进步效应大于技术效率改进效应；从区域与作物异质性来看，粮食主产区节水灌溉设施的增效效应大于非主产区，节水灌溉设施对小麦、玉米和水稻全要素生产率均有显著提升作用；节水灌溉设施对粮食全要素生产率的影响具有非线性特征，其正向影响随农村人力资本、人均种粮规模、人均GDP的提高而呈阶梯型上升。因此，因地制宜发展节水灌溉设施，与外部经济环境发展相协同，政策扶持与市场机制相结合，完善节水灌溉设施产权和管护机制，是实现节水灌溉设施高效与可持续发展的关键。

关键词：水资源节水灌溉粮食生产增效机制全要素生产率 water resources water-saving irrigation grain production productivity increasing mechanism total factor productivity

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SCALING UP SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGIC MODELS OF LIUYUANKOU irrigation SYSTEM

SCALING UP SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGIC MODELS OF LIUYUA...

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第19届国际灌排大会

作者： Shahbaz Khan School of Science and Technology Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga 2650 Australia

＜正＞water scarcity for agricultural production has been on the rise and development of new water resources increasingly costly. Strategies for increasing farm-level water-use efficiency are widely discussed, but the impact of water saving technologies on water savings and water productivity system sub-basin level remains to be researched. This paper partly describes an ongoing project to understand impacts of water saving technologies on water savings and water productivity over a range of scales. The approach consists of the development of a spatially distributed modeling framework that accounts for spatial variability in topography, vegetation and soils and facilitates physically realistic spatial integration of the complete water balance in a range of scales. The approach combined modeling, field measurements and remote sensing. The project assesses the impact of water saving technologies on water savings and water productivity at the field and system levels. Controlled experiments at field-level are conducted in conjunction with farm surveys designed to assess the financial benefits of WSI. Continuously flooded rice is compared with three different systems of water-saving irrigation - AWD, saturated soil culture with raised beds （SSC）, and aerobic rice varieties and culture. Field results are being graded up to determine whether the water-saving potential of alternative management practices at field level results in water saving at irrigation system level. The initial results based on research being conducted at both ZIS and LIS are site specific. In the quest to scale up our models that can link interactions between scales （field and system） and between various important factors that may lead to real water savings and apply them to other irrigation systems, we explicitly incorporated the spatial variability in hydrologic conditions into the LIS surface-groundwater interaction model. At the field scale, a soil water balance model is developed to estimate recharge to and discharge from groundwater. In addition

关键词： water-saving irrigation hydrological modeling up-scaling.

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