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Preparation of carbon-based material with high water absorption capacity and its effect on the water retention characteristics of sandy soil

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1057-1074页

作者： Youming Yang Mingyang Zhong Xiuqi Bian Yongjun You Fayong Li College of water Resources and Architectural Engineering Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture(Tarim University) Ministry of EducationAlar 843300China

Biochar has the potential to provide a multitude of benefits when used in soil remediation and increasing soil organic matter ***,the intricated,hydrophobic pores and groups weaken its water-holding capacity in dry,sandy soils in arid *** order to combat this issue,starch-carbon-based material(SB),sodium alginate-carbon-based material(SAB),and chitosan-carbon-based material(CB)have been successfully synthesized through the graft-polymerization of biochar(BC).A series of soil column simulations were used to scrutinize the microstructure of the carbon-based material and explore its water absorption properties and its effects on sandy soil water infiltration,water retention,and *** results indicated that SB,SAB,and CB achieved water maximum absorption rates of 155,188,and 172 g g^(−1),*** their impact on sandy soils,SB,SAB,and CB lengthened infiltration times by 1920,3330,and 3880 min,respectively,whilst enhancing the water retention capabilities of the soil by 18%,25%,and 23%in comparison to solely adding *** utilization of these innovative materials notably encouraged the formation of sandy soil aggregates ranging from 2.0 to 0.25 mm,endowing the aggregates with enhanced structural *** from potting experiments suggested that all three carbonbased materials were conducive to the growth of soybean ***,it is evident that the carbon-based materials have been fabricated with success,and they have great potential not only to significantly augment the water retention capacities and structural robustness of sandy soils in arid areas,but also to bolster the development of soil aggregates and crop *** materials possess significant application potential for enhancing the quality of sandy soils in arid and semi-arid regions.

关键词： Biochar water retention capacity water absorption rate Infiltration Soil moisture

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The soil configuration on granite residuals affects Benggang erosion by altering the soil water regime on the slope

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International Soil and water Conservation Research 2021年第3期9卷 419-432页

作者： Xiaoqian Duan Yusong Deng Yu Tao Yangbo He Lirong Lin Jiazhou Chen Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River)of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070People's Republic of China

A permanent collapsing gully,locally called Benggang,formed on slopes with deep granite red soil and is a type of unique gully erosion widely prevalent in southern *** different soil configurations(SC),ie,red-transition-sandy(SC I,the transition is the soil layer between the red soil and the sandy soil layer),transition-sandy(SC II)or sandy(SC III)are usually present in the soil profile of the Benggang ***,little attention has been paid to impacts of SCs on the triggering of Benggang *** this study,we aimed to explore the relationships between soil water content(SWC)and triggering of Benggang erosion under different SC *** soil properties of different soil layers were measured and the SWC at depths of 20,40,60,and 80 cm were monitored at 5-min intervals along a typical Benggang(SC I)during *** SWC of Benggang slopes with different SCs were simulated by VADOSE/W *** showed that the red soil layer had a higher water retention capacity and shear strength than the sandy soil *** if the SWC is higher(e.g.,0.42 cm^(3)/cm^(3))at red soil layer or transition layer,the corresponding shear strength is greater than that of sandy soil layer with a lower SWC(e.g.,032 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).Relationships between shear strength and SWC of different soil layers indicate that Benggang erosion is triggered by an increase in the SWC in the deep sandy *** also showed that differences exist in the SWC distribution among the different *** SWC is higher in topsoil than in deeper soil in SC I and SC II,while in SC III,the opposite trend is *** results revealed that the presence of the red soil or transition layer can reduce the infiltration of rainwater into the deep sandy layer,thus can reduce the possibility of *** results show that the SC affects the stability of the headwall,and results provide great significances to guide the mitigation of Benggang erosion.

关键词： Saturated hydraulic conductivity water retention capacity Shear strength VADOSE/W model

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Effect of temperature on soil-water characteristics and hysteresis of compacted Gaomiaozi bentonite

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Journal of Central South University 2009年第5期16卷 821-826页

作者：叶为民万敏陈宝陈永贵崔玉军王驹 Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering Ministry of EducationTongji University United Research Center for Urban Environment and Sustainable Development Ministry of Education Ecole des Ponts Paries Tech Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology

Laboratory tests under different constraint conditions were carried out to obtain the soil-water retention curves(SWRCs) of highly-compacted confined/unconfined Gaomiaozi(GMZ) bentonite at 20,40 and 80 ℃,respectively. The effect of temperature on the soil-water characteristics of the highly-compacted GMZ bentonite was analyzed. The results show that the water retention capacity of the highly-compacted GMZ bentonite decreases as the temperature increases under unconfined and confined conditions. At a certain temperature,the constraint conditions have little influence on the water retention capacity of the compacted bentonite at high suction,but the water retention capacity of the confined specimen is lower than that of the unconfined specimen at low suction. Under unconfined conditions,the hysteretic behaviour of the compacted bentonite decreases with increasing temperature. At high suction(>4 MPa) ,the hysteretic behaviour of the unconfined bentonite tends to increase with the decrease of the suction. In summary,the hysteretic behaviour of the compacted bentonite is not significant.

关键词： Gaomiaoz bentonite soil-water characteristic hysteretic behavior nuclear waste repository water retention capacity temperature

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Experimental investigation into temperature effect on hydro-mechanical behaviours of bentonite

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2010年第1期2卷 71-78页

作者： M.V.Villar R.Gómez-Espina A.Lloret CIEMAT Madrid UPC Barcelona

The bentonite barrier of underground repositories for high-level radioactive waste will be hydrated by the groundwater while it is subjected to high temperatures due to the radioactive decay of the wastes. These changes of temperature affect the hydraulic and mechanical responses of bentonite, which has important effects on design and performance of repositories. The temperature influence on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of bentonite was studied in this paper by experiments, which were carried out with the Spanish FEBEX bentonite compacted at dry densities expected in the＇ repository （from 1.5 to 1.8 Mg/m^3）. The dependence of the swelling strains of bentonite on the temperature has been measured from 30℃ to 90 ℃. At high temperatures the swelling capacity of clay slightly decreases. Also, a clear decrease of swelling pressure as a function of temperature was observed for the same dry densities. Nevertheless, the deformation of bentonite is more dependent on the stress than the temperature. An increase in the permeability of water saturated bentonite with temperature has also been detected. The water retention curves of bentonite compacted at different dry densities were determined under isochoric conditions and in the range of temperatures from 20 ℃ to 120℃. For a given density and water content, the suction decreases as the temperature increases at a rate, which is larger than the one predicted on the basis of water surface tension changing with temperature. Mechanisms related to the physico-chemical interactions that take place at microscopic level, in particular the transfer of interlayer water to the macropores triggered by temperature, seem to explain qualitatively the experimental observations.

关键词： bentonite temperature swelling permeability water retention capacity

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