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Effectiveness of urban distributed runoff model for discharge and water depth calculation in urban drainage pipe networks

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 582-591页

作者： Yang Zhou Yi-ling Leng Peng-yu Wang Shang-hong Zhang Yu-long Zhu Yu-jun Yi School of water Resources and Hydropower Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China State Key Laboratory of water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Effective urban land-use re-planning and the strategic arrangement of drainage pipe networks can significantly enhance urban flood defense *** at reducing the potential risks of urban flooding,this paper presents a straightforward and efficient approach to an urban distributed runoff model(UDRM).The model is developed to quantify the discharge and water depth within urban drainage pipe networks under varying rainfall intensities and land-use *** Nash efficiency coefficient of UDRM exceeds 0.9,which indicates its high computational efficiency and potential benefit in predicting urban *** prediction of drainage conditions under both current and re-planned land-use types is achieved by adopting different flood recurrence *** findings reveal that the re-planned land-use strategies could effectively diminish flood risk upstream of the drainage pipe network across 20-year and 50-year flood recurrence ***,in the case of extreme rainfall events(a 100-year flood recurrence),the re-planned land-use approach fell short of fulfilling the requirements necessary for flood disaster *** these instances,the adoption of larger-diameter drainage pipes becomes an essential requisite to satisfy drainage ***,the proposed UDRM effectively combines land-use information with pipeline data to give practical suggestions for pipeline modification and land-use optimization to combat urban ***,this methodology warrants further promotion in the field of urban re-planning.

关键词： Stormwater runoff water depth urban distributed runoff model urban drainage pipe networks urban land-use re-planning

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Impact of water depth on the distribution of iGDGTs in the surface sediments from the northern South China Sea： applicability of TEXss in marginal seas

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第1期12卷 95-107页

作者： Jiali CHEN Pengju HU Xing LI Yang YANG Jinming SONG Xuegang LI Huamao YUAN sing Li Xiaoxia LU State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China College of Marine Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China No.5 Middle School of Nan Chang Nanchang 330029 China

The TEXh86 paleothermometer on the base of isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers （iGDGTs） has been widely applied to various marine settings to reconstruct past sea surface temperatures （SSTs）. However, it remains uncertain how well this proxy reconstructs SSTs in marginal seas. In this study, we analyze the environmental factors governing distribution ofiGDGTs in surface sediments to assess the applicability of TEXH86 paleothermometer in the South China Sea （SCS）. Individual iGDGT concentrations increase gradually eastwards. Redundancy analysis based on the relative abundance of an individual iGDGT compound and environmental parameters suggests that water depth is the most influential factor to the distribution of iGDGTs, because thaumarchaeota communities are water-depth dependent. Interestingly, the SST difference （AT） between TEXH86 derived temperature and remote-sensing SST is less than 1°C in sediments with water depth 〉 200 m, indicating that TEXH86 was the robust proxy to trace the paleo-SST in the region if water depth is greater than 200 m.

关键词： iGDGTs distribution South China Sea(SCS) sea surface temperature water depth

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Effect of seedling age and water depth on morphological and physiological aspects of transplanted rice under high temperature

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第5期6卷 389-395页

作者： KHAKWANI Abdul Aziz SHIRAISHI Masaaki ZUBAIR Muhammad BALOCH Mohammad Safdar NAVEED Khalid AWAN Inayatullah Agricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanJapan International Cooperation Agency Tsukuba International Centre Tsukuba Ibaraki JapanAgricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanAgricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanAgricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanFaculty of Agriculture Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan NWFP Pakistan

To study the effect of high temperature, rice seedlings 20, 30, 40 and 50 d were kept at 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm water depth in a water pool. Meteorological findings indicated that water temperature varied up to 10 cm but became stable below this depth. Deep water inflicted higher tiller mortality, minimal increase in dry weight of aerial parts and leaf area, decrease in root length, and decrease in root dry weight especially at 20 cm water depth and produced an unbalanced T/R ratio (top versus root dry weight). However, deep water tended to increase plant length. These parameters, however, excel in shallow water. Older seedlings, with the exception of root dry weight, could not perform well compared to young seedlings in all physiological and morphological aspects. The study revealed that seedlings, particularly young ones, stand well in shallow water and can cope with high temperature.

关键词： Rice High temperature Seedling age water depth

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Statistical Distribution of depth-Integrated Local Horizontal Momentum for Second-Order Random Ocean Waves in Finite water depth

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海洋工程：英文版 2004年第3期18卷 381-389页

作者：宋金宝 Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Based on the second order random wave solutions of water wave equations in finite water depth, statistical distributions of the depth integrated local horizontal momentum components are derived by use of the characteristic function expansion method. The parameters involved in the distributions can be all determined by the water depth and the wave number spectrum of ocean waves. As an illustrative example, a fully developed wind generated sea is considered and the parameters are calculated for typical wind speeds and water depths by means of the Donelan and Pierson spectrum. The effects of nonlinearity and water depth on the distributions are also investigated.

关键词： statistical distribution depth-integrated local momentum second-order random waves water depth wave-number spectrum

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Effects of water depth and substrate color on the growth and body color of the red sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第3期33卷 616-623页

作者：姜森颢董双林高勤峰任贻超王芳 Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection Yancheng Normal University Marine Science and Engineering College Qingdao Agricultural University

Three color variants of the sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus are recognized,the red one is highly valued in the market. When the red variant is cultured in ponds in China,its body color changes from red to celadon in 3–6 months. The effects of water depth and substrate color on the growth and body color of this animal were investigated. Juveniles of red A. japonicus were cultured in cages suspended at a range of water depths(20,50,100,150 and 200 cm). The specific growth rate of red sea cucumbers was significantly higher in animals cultured at deeper water layers compared with those grown at shallowers. Body weights were greatest for sea cucumbers cultured at a depth of 150 cm and their survival rates were highest at a depth of 200 cm. A scale to evaluate the color of red sea cucumbers(R value) was developed using a Pantone standard color card. All stocked animals in the 9-month trial retained a red color,however the red body color was much more intense in sea cucumbers cultured at shallower depths,while animals suspended in deeper layers became pale. In a separate trial,A. japonicus were cultured in suspended cages with seven different colored substrates. Substrate color had a significant effect on the growth and body-color of red A. japonicus. The yield were greatest for A. japonicus cultured on a yellow substrate,followed by green > white > orange > red > black and blue. All sea cucumbers in the 7-month trial retained a red color,although the red was most intense(highest R value) in animals cultured on a blue substrate and pale(lowest R value) for animals cultured on a green substrate.

关键词： Apostichopusjaponicus water depth substrate color growth body color

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How do water depth and harvest intensity affect the growth and reproduction of Elodea nuttallii(Planch.)***?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第2期9卷 212-223页

作者： Weiwei Xu Weiping Hu Jiancai Deng Jinge Zhu Qinqin Li State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences73 East Beijing RoadNanjing 210008JiangsuChina University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China

Aims both high and low densities of macrophyte vegetation can impair its ecosystem service *** is often applied to macrophyte vegetation to maintain an appropriate *** harvesting has occasionally gone awry and caused catastrophes,such as vegetation disappearance and cyanobacterial dominance in waterways and *** water depth influences macrophyte density at all life stages,the simultaneous influences of harvesting and water depth should be carefully ***,this study aims to quantify the effects of differently harvesting Elodea nuttal-lii on its growth and reproduction at different water depths in field *** Four harvest intensities(harvesting *** plant heights equal to 25%,50%,75%and 100%of the water depth)were applied to *** growing at four different water depths(60,90,120 and 150 cm).Plant length and root length were *** node number,root number of each plant and number of floating plants were counted before *** harvested plant were dried to a constant weight for dry weight *** Findings The rate of increase in the length and shoot number of *** varied from−0.012 to 0.440 day^(−1) and from−0.020 to 0.639 day^(−1),*** depth>150 cm would limit *** *** nuttallii responded to increasing water depths and low-intensity har-vesting by increasing internodal length and decreasing shoot *** larger internodal length of *** observed in relatively deeper water was also induced by the physical strain generated by its buoy-ancy as its specific gravity was less than water’*** physical mecha-nism of removing the plant canopy by harvesting decreased *** buoyancy and prevented *** increased plant produc-tion in shallow waterswater depth of 120 cm and one low-intensity harvest or no harvesting at a w

关键词： Elodea nuttallii water depth harvest management response mechanismreceived

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Retrieval study of lake water depth by using multi-spectral remote sensing in Bangong Co Lake

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2014年第3期6卷 266-272页

作者： Pu Zheng ZhengDong Deng Xin Ye College of Defense Engineering PLA University of Science & Technology PLA 96528 Unit

This paper reviewed studies on remote sensing of water depth retrieval. Four water depth retrieval models （single-band, dou- ble-ratio-band, multi-band, and BP network models） were evaluated using TM image and water data from Bangong Co Lake, which is located in China＇s Tibet Autonomous Region and Indian Kashmir. Tested by independent data, comparison of these four models demonstrates that BP network model performed better than the multi-band model, with the single-band model performing the worst. To sum up, this study demonstrates that first, BP network model performed better than the traditional model; second, precise atmospheric correction and radiation study, affected by different water level sand sediment, could improve the precision of water depth retrieval.

关键词： remote sensing water depth multi-speclral retrieval Back Propagation network

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VARIATION OF water depth AND MANNING'S ROUGHNESS n DUE TO RIVER MEANDERING IN SUBCRITICAL FLOW REGIME

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2001年第1期16卷 69-79页

作者： Chin-Kun HUANG and Chang-Ling LIU Assistant professor, Department of Hydraulics & Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan,70101, Taiwan, China Professor, Department of Hydraulics & Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tai Department of Hydraulics & Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan China Department of Hydraulics & Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101Taiwan China

This paper aims to study the variation of water depth H and Manning’s n due to the meandering of a river. It is found from experimental results that the increase in H and n is related to the sinuosities and the Froude numbers measured in the straight reach. In this study, the channel form is generated from sine-generated curve with ten different sinuosities. The results of this analysis can be applied to both cases of fixed bed and mobile bed.

关键词： water depth Manning’s roughness Meandering

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Sex-specific plasticity of reproductive allocation in response to water depth in a clonal, dioecious macrophyte

Sex-specific plasticity of reproductive allocation in respon...

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中国植物学会第十六次全国会员代表大会暨85周年学术年会

作者： Lei Li Spencer C.H.Barrett Jiakuan Chen Center for watershed Ecology Institute of Life Science and School of Life SciencesNanchang University Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization Ministry of EducationNanchang University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan University

Sex-specific differences in reproduction investment contribute to sexual dimorphism in dioecious *** environmental gradients,males and females may plastically adjust reproductive allocation differently because of contrasting reproductive *** dioecious macrophytes,variation in water depth is likely to influence reproductive allocation but has not been investigated in ***,we experimentally examined in aquatic mesocosms plasticity in allocation using Vallisneria spinulosa,a dioecious,clonal,submerged macrophyte to investigate whether sexual dimorphism in reproductive allocation and vegetative growth change in response to varying water depths（50,100 and 150 cm）.Females invested a higher fraction of resources to sexual reproduction than males across all water depths and decreased proportional allocation to sexual structures in shallow and deep water compared to intermediate water *** contrast,males maintained similar sexual allocation across all water depth *** displayed larger vegetative size than males,despite greater sexual investment,but decreased vegetative biomass more than males in shallow or deep *** sexes invested similarly in clonal propagation by tubers at all water depths but a trade-off with sexual reproduction was only evident in *** results suggest that females of *** have mechanisms enabling compensation of the costs of sexual reproduction in heterogeneous *** to males,females expressed greater plasticity in biomass allocated to sexual reproduction and vegetative growth in response to water depth *** variation in underwater light availability probably elicited the sex-specific allocation strategies we observed in ***.

关键词： cost of reproduction dioecy reproductive effort sexual dimorphism submerged aquatic Vallisneria spinulosa water depth

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ANALYTICAL MODELS OF FLOATING BRIDGES SUBJECTED BY MOVING LOADS FOR DIFFERENT water depthS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第5期20卷 537-546页

作者： ZHANG Jun MIAO Guo-ping LIU Jian-xun SUN Wen-jun The First Engineers Scientific Research Institute of the General Armaments Department Wuxi 214035 China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030China The First Engineers Scientific Research Institute of the General Armaments Department Wuxi 214035 China

There are two types of floating bridge such as discrete-pontoon floating bridges and continuous-pontoon floating bridges. Analytical models of both floating bridges subjected by raoving loads are presented to study the dynamic responses with hydrodynamic influence coefficients for different water depths. The beam theory and potential theory are introduced to produce the models. The hydrodynamic coefficients and dynamic responses of bridges are evaluated by the boundary element method and by the Galerkin method of weighted residuals, respectively. Considering causal relationship between the frequencies of the oscillation of floating bridges and the added mass coefficients, an iteration method is introduced to compute hydrodynamic frequencies. The results indicate that water depth has little influence upon the dynamic responses of both types of floating bridges, so that the effect of water depth can be neglected during the course of designing floating bridges.

关键词： floating bridge analytical model moving load water depth

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