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water transport of native and exotic tree species in relation to xylem anatomical characteristics in low subtropical China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 423-433页

作者： Yanting Hu Jianguo Gao Ping Zhao Weijun Shen Peiqiang Zhao Liwei Zhu Guangyan Ni Junfeng Niu Lei Ouyang Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXingke Road 723Tianhe DistrictGuangzhou 510650China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

Aims Exotic fast-growing tree species have been commonly planted as pioneer species to facilitate ecological restoration in South *** growth and resource utilization behavior related to intrinsic physiology and structural properties have profound influences on forest ***,the contrastive research focusing on water utilization features along with xylem anatomical properties between native and exotic species is scarce in South *** objective of this study is to investigate the sapwood anatomical characteristics and water utilization conditions of native and exotic fast-growing species,and to elucidate the relationship between sap-flux density and conduit *** We measured sap-flux density,conduit length,diameter and density of four native species(Schima superba,Michelia mac-clurei,Castanopsis hystrix and Castanopsis fissa)and four exotic species(Eucalyptus citriodora,Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis,Acacia auriculaeformis and Acacia mangium).Sap flux density was measured based on the Granier’s thermal dissipation probe *** whole-tree water transport was quantified by mul-tiplying sap-flux density by sapwood *** measurements of conduit characteristics were conducted by using segregation and slice *** Findings Sapwood area increased with the growing diameter at breast height(DBH)as a power *** species had a larger water-conducting tissue area than exotic species at the same DBH value when trees grew to a size with a certain value of *** con-duit diameter of exotic species was significantly larger than that of native ***,native species,such as *** and ***,had longer conduit length and higher conduit den-sity than other tree *** on a physiological interpretation of the measured conduit characteristics,native tree species devel-oped a safe water transport system while exotic fast-growing tree species come into being an efficient system *** trans-port i

关键词： sap-flux density conduit characteristics sapwood area water transport

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water transport Models of Moisture Absorption and Sweat Discharge Yarns

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2008年第5期25卷 594-596页

作者：王发明周小红王善元 The Key Lab of Textile Science & Technology Ministry of Education Donghua University The Key Lab of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education China Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

An important property of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns is their water transport property. In the paper, two water transport models of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns were developed to investigate the influence factors on their wicking rate. In parallel Column Pores Model, wicking rate is determined by the equivalent capillary radius R and length of the capillary tube L. In Pellets Accumulation Model, wicking rate is decided by the capillary radius r and length of the fiber unit assemble L0.

关键词： water transport capillary action parallel column pores model pellets accumulation model moisture absorption & sweat discharge yarn

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Quantitative and Functional Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals that Ethylene Regulates water transport via the C-Terminal Phosphorylation of Aquaporin PIP2;1 in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2016年第1期9卷 158-174页

作者： Dongjin Qing Zhu Yang Mingzhe Li Wai Shing Wong Guangyu Guo Shichang Liu Hongwei Guo Ning Li Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China School of Life Science Peking University Beijing 100089 China These authors contributed equally to this article

Ethylene participates in the regulation of numerous cellular events and biological processes, including wa- ter loss, during leaf and flower petal wilting. The diverse ethylene responses may be regulated via dynamic interplays between protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated protein degradation and protease cleavage. To address how ethylene alters protein phosphorylation through multi-furcated signaling pathways, we performed a lSN stable isotope labelling-based, differential, and quantitative phosphoproteomics study on air- and ethylene-treated ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis double loss-of-function mutant ein3-1/eill-1. Among 535 non-redundant phosphopeptides identified, two and four phosphopeptides were up- and downregulated by ethylene, respectively. Ethylene- regulated phosphorylation of aquaporin PIP2;1 is positively correlated with the water flux rate and water loss in leaf. Genetic studies in combination with quantitative proteomics, immunoblot analysis, protoplast swelling/shrinking experiments, and leaf water loss assays on the transgenic plants expressing both the wild-type and S280A/S283A-mutated PIP2;1 in the both Col-O and ein3eill genetic backgrounds suggest that ethylene increases water transport rate in Arabidopsis cells by enhancing S280/S283 phosphorylation at the C terminus of PIP2;1. Unknown kinase and/or phosphatase activities may participate in the initial up- regulation independent of the cellular functions of EIN3/EIL1. This finding contributes to our understanding of ethylene-regulated leaf wilting that is commonly observed during post-harvest storage of plant organs.

关键词： ethylene signaling quantitative PTM proteomics aquaporin, ^15N stable isotope labeling in Arabidopsis(SILIA) mass spectrometry water transport

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Unsaturated water transport of Cement-based Materials

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2007年第4期22卷 770-773页

作者：沈春华 Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials Science and Engineering School of Material Science and EngineeringWuhan University of Technology

The slice-weighing method was used to investigate the unsaturated water transport of different cement pastes. The experimental results show that a sharp wetting front existed during water transport, the transport can be described by a non-linear diffusion equation, and transport coefficient of different materials exhibit various rules with water content of materials. The addition of fly-ash decreases transport coefficient of cement pastes in all the various water contents, even changes the transport mechanism.

关键词： water transport unsaturated flow slice-weighing method transport coefficient

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Analysis of water transport inside a Plant Xylem Vessel with Pitted Thickening

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2020年第3期16卷 525-536页

作者： Tianyu Xu Lixiang Zhang Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China

In this article,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)are used to explore the dynamics of water transport inside the pitted thickening of a plant xylem vessel.A pitted thickening model combined with the Bernoulli equation is used to analyze the influence of various factors(namely,the inner diameter,thickening width,thickening height,thickening spacing,number of laps and adjacent pit axial rotation).The pressure drop and the flow resistance coefficient are the variable parameters for our *** results show that these two parameters are proportional to the thickening height and thickening width,and inversely proportional to the inner diameter,thickening spacing and number of *** different wall thickening structures of the vessel are compared and the pitted thickening vessel is shown to provide the largest structural flow resistance,the annular thickening vessel has the second largest resistance and the helical thickening vessel corresponds to the smallest resistance of the three structures.

关键词： Pitted thickening water transport Bernoulli equation pressure drop flow resistance coefficient

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Influence of CO_2 Doubling on water transport Process at Root/Soil Interface of Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestriformis Seedlings

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2001年第4期43卷 385-388页

作者：韩士杰张军辉周玉梅王琛瑞邹春静中国科学院陆地生态过程开放实验室沈阳110015

water transport at the root/soil interface of 1 year old Pinus sylvestris Linn. var. sylvestriformis (Takenouchi) Cheng et C. D. Chu seedlings under CO 2 doubling was studied by measuring soil electric conductance to survey soil water profiles and comparing it with root distribution surveyed by soil coring and root harvesting in Changbai Mountain in 1999. The results were: (1) The profiles of soil water content were adjusted by root activity. The water content of the soil layer with abundant roots was higher. (2) When CO 2 concentration was doubled, water transport was more active at the root/soil interface and the roots were distributed into deeper layer. It was shown in this work that the method of measuring electric conductance is an inexpensive, non_destructive and relatively sensitive way for underground water transport process.

关键词： CO 2 doubling Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestriformis seedlings root/soil interface water transport electric conductance of soil

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water transport Analysis in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 697-页

作者： S.Tsushima S.Hirai Research Center for Carbon Recycling and Energy Tokyo Institute of Technology

1 Results Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) have beenintensively developedfor future vehicle applications andon-site power generation owing to its high energy efficiency and high power *** PEFCs ,appropriatewater management to maintain polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) hydratedis of great i mportance ,becausethe ion conductivity of membraneislower at lower water content .Consequently,it is of great interest to watercontent and water transport process in PEMs during fuel cell operation.

关键词： polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell magnetic resonance imaging water transport in-situ technique

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Study on the Development of water transport Network for Passengers in the Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel Lake of the Capital City of Bangladesh

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2015年第4期5卷 195-202页

作者： Md. Mashiur Rahaman Mir Tareque Ali Laboni Afroz Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka-1000Bangladesh

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most overpopulated city in the world and traffic jam is the most severe and regular affliction in the daily life. Also, the existing vehicles are not sufficient in compared to the population of the city. People have to spend many hours simply sitting in the traffic jam. This lessens the productivity of people and brings sufferings to them. Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel area is the busiest regions within the city and face severe traffic jam during working hours. These lakes are totally unused. Therefore, there is a possibility to build a waterways network for passengers transport through these lakes. This will reduce the affliction of people via reducing traffic jam. The proposed transportation networks will also preserve the natural environment of the lakes and bring a source of entertainment in the city life. Many developed cities in the world like London, New York, Paris, Venice, Shanghai etc. already have implemented waterways network inside the city and successfully made the best use of cistern side.

关键词： water transport network passengers Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel Lake.

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The role of extracellular calcium in the effect of a snake venom Lys49-phospholipase A_(2) on water transport across epithelial membranes

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2011年第3期2卷 222-225页

作者： Renner de Souza Leite Wilson Franco Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo Unidade Academica de Saude do Centro de Educacao e Saude Universidade Federal de Campina GrandeCuiteParaíbaBrazil Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas Universidade Federal de Sao CarlosSao CarlosBrazil

ACLMT is a Lys49-phospholipase A2 myotoxin isolated from the venom of the Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus snake. This study investigated the mechanisms involved in effect of ACLMT on membrane water permeability by examining the role of extracellular calcium and strontium in this effect. water flow across the membrane was gravimetrically measured in bladder sac preparations. The decrease in extracellular calcium promoted a higher response of epithelium to ACLMT, suggesting that the extracellular calcium protects the membrane from the action of the toxin. No alteration in the effect of the toxin on water transport was observed when calcium was replaced by strontium, indicating that this effect is independent of its enzymatic activity. These findings may bring an important contribution towards the comprehension of the mechanisms involved in the effect of Lys49-phospholipase A2 myotoxins on water permeability of epithelial membranes, with implications for the understanding of renal toxicity.

关键词： Epithelial Tissue Membrane Permeability Myotoxin Lys49-Phospholipase A_(2) Toad Bladder water transport

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Exploring water and ion transport process at silicone/copper interfaces using in-situ electrochemical and Kelvin probe approaches

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第5期64卷 203-213页

作者： B.Munirathinam J.P.B.van Dam A.Herrmann W.D.van Driel F.De Buyl S.J.F.Erich L.G.J.van der Ven O.C.G.Adan J.M.C.Mol Delft University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentDelftThe Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology Department of Applied PhysicsEindhovenThe Netherlands Signify High Tech CampusEindhovenThe Netherlands Delft University of Technology Electronic ComponentsTechnology and MaterialsFaculty of Electrical EngineeringDelftThe Netherlands Dow Silicones Belgium s.p.r.l. Belgium

In general,packaging materials which encapsulate light emitting diodes(LEDs)and microelectronic devices offer barrier protection against several environmental hazards such as water and ionic ***,these encapsulants may provide pathways for water and ionic contaminants to reach the metal/polymer interfaces and provoke local corrosion of electronics,which is a major reliability concern for polymer encapsulated LEDs and *** the water and corrosive constituents play a crucial role in their reliability,water uptake kinetics,interfacial ion transport and delamination behaviour of silicone coated copper model system,mimicking a typical microelectronics packaging system,is explored in the present *** impedance spectroscopy(EIS)integrated with attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR)spectroscopy studies revealed that water diffusion inside the silicone network is Fickian in nature and the evolution of the observed time constants are related to the diffusion and interfacial reactions.A decrease of impedance magnitude with time was observed in EIS measurements concurrently with water absorption bands shifting towards lower wavenumber in ATR-FTIR measurements,implying the growth of strong hydrogen bonding between water molecules and the silicone *** estimated diffusion constant of water using the capacitance method was in the order of 7×10^(-12)m^(2)s^(-1)and the water absorption volume fraction was in the range of 0%to 0.30%.Scanning Kelvin probe studies elucidated the ion transport process occurring at the silicone/copper interface in a humid *** interfacial ion transport process is controlled by the interfacial electrochemical reactions at the cathodic delamination front and the estimated average delamination rate is 0.43 mm h^(-1/2).This work demonstrates that exploring ion and water transport in the silicone coating and along the silicone/copper interface is of pivotal importance as

关键词： Silicone Impedance water transport Scanning Kelvin probe Delamination

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