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Nanosecond Pulse Treatment on water and water solutions

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2013年第6期7卷 529-532页

作者： Valeriy V. Krymski Vladimir F. Balakirev Ekaterina V. Litvinova Elvira A. Ibragimova Maria Y.Kuzmina Energy Department South Ural State University Chelyabinsk 454080 Russia Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Division of the Russia Academy of Sciences Ekaterinburg 620016 Russia

The experiment results of the nanosecond electromagnetic pulses action on water and water solutions containing radionuclides are described. An activity decrease of radionuclides solution is observed in many experiment... 详细信息

关键词： Pulse electromagnetic treatment water purification water solution radionuclide hydrated electron.

Solvation of halogen ions in aqueous solutions at 500 K–600 K under 100 atm

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第12期24卷 298-302页

作者：申昊郝亭张丰收 The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of the Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing Radiation Center Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of the Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou

Structural properties of the pure water and halogen solutions at high temperatures and pressures are studied by using the molecular dynamics simulations and quantum molecular simulations. The related characters are calculated as functions of temperature and pressure. The results show that the hydrogen bonded networks become looser as temperature increases,with the collapse of the traditional tetrahedral structure. It is similar to the concentration-dependent collapse in the Na Cl solutions. However, adding other halogen elements has no further effects on the already weakly bonded water *** the phase changing points, the process of hydration is evident for the bigger ions, so that the bigger the ion is, the smaller a cluster is formed.

关键词： water solution molecular dynamics simulation quantum chemical simulation high temperature and pressure

Quantitative analysis of lead in aqueous solutions by ultrasonic nebulizer assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第4期11卷 145-153页

作者：钟石磊卢渊孔伟金程凯郑荣儿 College of Physics Science Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Optics and Optoelectronics Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

In this study, an ultrasonic nebulizer unit was established to improve the quantitative analysis ability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） for liquid samples detection, using solutions of the heavy metal element Pb as an example. An analytical procedure was designed to guarantee the stability and repeatability of the LIBS signal. A series of experiments were carried out strictly according to the procedure. The experimental parameters were optimized based on studies of the pulse energy influence and temporal evolution of the emission features. The plasma temperature and electron density were calculated to confirm the LTE state of the plasma. Normalizing the intensities by background was demonstrated to be an appropriate method in this work. The linear range of this system for Pb analysis was confirmed over a concentration range of 0-4,150ppm by measuring 12 samples with different concentrations. The correlation coefficient of the fitted calibration curve was as high as 99.94% in the linear range, and the LOD of Pb was confirmed as 2.93ppm. Concentration prediction experiments were performed on a further six samples. The excellent quantitative ability of the system was demonstrated by comparison of the real and predicted concentrations of the samples. The lowest relative error was 0.043% and the highest was no more than 7.1%.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) ultrasonic nebulizer quantitative analysis water solution plasma diagnostics

EFFECT OF water ACIDITY ON THE STRUCTURES AND PERFORMANCES OF VPO CATALYST FOR BUTANE OXIDATION

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Transactions of Tianjin University 1997年第2期3卷 102-105页

作者：马国平赵海柱姜浩锡田方田天津石油化工技术开发中心

The water acidity has significant influences on the structures of both catalytic precursors and catalysts as well as catalytic performances. If the pH of water is higher than or equal to 3.0, the precursors contain pure (VO) 2P 2O 7·2H 2O and activated catalysts have (VO) 2P 2O 7 and β VOPO 4. When the pH of the water is lower than 3.0, the precursors are made up of (VO) 2P 2O 7·2H 2O and (VO) 2P 2O 7·4H 2O and the activated catalysts consist of (VO) 2P 2O 7 as well as α VOPO 4. Among the catalysts which had experienced water treatment, the catalyst has the best selectivity and highest mass yield to maleic anhydride when pH is 3.0. But all the catalysts show a similar activity for butane oxidation regardless of the pH. Furthermore, the more the (VO) 2P 2O 7·4H 2O in the catalyst, the lower the selectivity and mass yield to maleic anhydride. The (VO) 2P 2O 7·4H 2O in the precursor can be eliminated by controlling the water treatment with pH≥3.0 to ensure the catalyst having excellent behavior.

关键词： water solution acidity VPO catalyst maleic anhydride