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The Need for Agricultural water Management in Sub-Saharan Africa

Journal of water Resource and Protection 2016年第9期8卷 835-843页

作者： Kbrom Ambachew Gebrehiwot Mehari Gidey Gebrewahid Department of water Resources and Irrigation Engineering Institute of Technology Haramaya University Haramaya Ethiopia

This paper discusses the current and future conditions that affect water resources and the constraints of water (agricultural) management in sub-Saharan Africa and suggests remedial measures to be considered by policy makers. The pressure on the quantity and quality of water resources is rising in sub-Saharan Africa due to the increased demand of water for agriculture and other purposes as a result of increase in population and food demand. The availability of water is also under threat from changing climate and as a result, water scarcity is expected in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. On the other hand, the availability of water for agriculture is expected to further shrink due to the increasing demand of water for other purposes like industry, manufacturing and environmental requirement. The current poor efficiency rate of irrigation systems and massive expansion of irrigated area is expected to further exacerbate the water scarcity. Hence, a water management policy focused on maximization of water use efficiency and water productivity should be prioritized in order to meet the food demand of the growing population and cope with water scarcity problems. Engineering and management intervention integrated with strong society awareness and participation is considered very crucial in enhancing water use efficiency and crop water productivity.

关键词： water scarcity water Management water Use Efficiency water Productivity Sub-Saharan Africa

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ARTICLE Analyzing Potential water Harvesting from Atmosphere in Near Coastal Area

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Sustainable Marine Structures 2021年第1期3卷 1-7页

作者： Ida Bagus Mandhara Brasika Putra Bagus Panji Pamungkas Department of Marine Sciences Universitas UdayanaJl.Raya Kampus UnudJimbaranKuta SelatanBadungBali80361Indonesia Center of Remote Sensing and Ocean Science(CReSOS) Universitas UdayanaJl.P.B.SudirmanDenpasarBali80234Indonesia

water is a basic *** there are many near coastal regions which have very limited access to fresh *** water in area close to coastal is mainly affected by ocean,indirectly by weather/climate conditions and directly from seawater *** abundant fresh water is actually available in the atmosphere in the form of *** technology,such as Atmospheric water Generator(AWG),is a possible solution to gain water from our ***,comprehensive study is needed to understand the potential water harvesting in our ***,we examine the water availability in the atmosphere based on several parameters like temperature and *** data are collected from observation using WS1040 Automatic Weather Station in a year of 2020 with a half-hour ***,we calculate the availability of water content during each season,especially in dry *** also simulate the water harvesting to fulfil daily basic need of fresh *** atmospheric parameters have shown a monsoonal *** content decrease in atmosphere during the dry season but the water deficit occurs after the dry *** water harvesting able to supply daily freshwater need,it is not recommended to be a single source as it requires massive water storage and high-efficient AWG.

关键词： water scarcity Intrusion water vapor density Atmospheric water generator

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