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Hardware Assisted Fast volume rendering with Boundary Enhancement

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1998年第5期13卷 393-401页

作者：童欣唐泽圣 DepartmentofComputerScienceandTechnology TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084PR.China DepartmentofComput

In this paper, a new volume rendering method with boundary enhancement is presented. The boundary is extracted and represented by surfaces explicitly. Then, using 3D texture mapping and graphics acceleration hardware, the volume data can be rendered with controllable boundary shading effect almost in real time. Test shows that this method is 4-5 times faster than the previous methods. Moreover, it can also be extended to render the surfaces and the volumetric data together interactively.

关键词： volume rendering boundary enhancement 3D texture mapping hardware assisted

Composed Scattering Model for Direct volume rendering

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1996年第5期11卷 433-442页

作者：蔡文立石教英 StateKeyLabofCAD＆CG ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027 StateKeyLabofCAD＆CG ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou31

Based on the equation of transfer in transport theory of optical physics,a new volume rendering model, called composed scattering model (CSM), is presented. In calculating the scattering term of the equation, it is decomposed into volume scattering intensity and surface scattering intensity, and they are composed with the boundary detection operator as the weight function. This proposed model differs from the most current volume rendering models in the aspect that in CSM segmentation and illumination intensity calculation are taken as two coherent parts while in ekisting models they are regarded as two separate ones. This model has been applied to the direct volume rendering of 3D data sets obtained by CT and MRI. The resultant images show not only rich details but also clear boundary surfaces. CSM is demonstrated to be an accurate volume rendering model suitable for CT and MRI data sets.

关键词： volume rendering volume illumination model ray casting,voxel equation of transfer

Evaluating the Growth of Pulmonary Nodular Ground-glass Opacity on CT: Comparison of volume rendering and Thin Slice Images

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2011年第6期31卷 846-851页

作者：梁明柱柳学国李伟栋李坤炜陈相猛王国杰陈凯张晋昕 Department of Radiology the 5th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University School of Public Health Sun Yat-sen University

This study examined the value of volume rendering （VR） interpretation in assessing the growth of pulmonary nodular ground-glass opacity （nGGO）. A total of 47 nGGOs （average size, 9.5 mm; range, 5.7-20.6 mm） were observed by CT scanning at different time under identical parameter settings. The growth of nGGO was analyzed by three radiologists by comparing the thin slice （TS） CT images of initial and repeat scans with side-by-side cine mode. One week later synchronized VR images of the two scans were compared by side-by-side cine mode to evaluate the nGGO growth. The nodule growth was rated on a 5-degree scale： notable growth, slight growth, dubious growth, stagnant growth, shrinkage. Growth standard was defined as： Density increase 〉 30 HU and （or） diameter increase （by 20% in nodules 〉_10 mm, 30% in nodules of 5-9 mm）. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） was performed. The results showed that 32 nGGOs met the growth criteria （29 nGGOs showed an increase in density; 1 nGGO showed an increase in diameter; 2 nGGOs showed an increase in both diameter and density）. Area under ROC curve revealed that the performance with VR interpretation was better than that with TS interpretation （P〈0.01, P〈0.05 and P〈0.05 for observers A, B and C respectively）. Consistency between different observers was excellent with both VR interpretation （κ=0.89 for observers A＆C A＆B, B＆C） and TS interpretation （κ=0.71 for A＆B, κ=0.68 for A＆C, κ=0.74 for B＆C）, but time spending was less with VR interpretation than with TS interpretation （P〈0.0001, P〈0.0001 and P〈0.05 for observers A, B and C, respectively）. It was concluded that VR is a useful technique for evaluating the growth of nGGO.

关键词： computed tomography ground-glass opacity pulmonary nodule growth volume rendering

Modeling and volume rendering approach of underwater three-dimensional acoustic energy field

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第3期7卷 171-180页

作者： Yanyang Zeng Panpan Jia College of Computer Science and Technology Henan Polytechnic University 2001 Century Avenue Jiaozuo 454000HenanP.R.China

The underwater acoustics is primary and most effective method for underwater object detection and the complex underwater acoustics battlefield environment can be visually described by the three-dimensional(3D)energy *** solving the 3D propagation models,the traditional underwater acoustics volume data can be obtained,but it is large amount of *** this paper,a novel modeling approach,which transforms two-dimensional(2D)wave equation into 2D space and optimizes energy loss propagation model,is *** this way,the information for the obtained volume data will not be lost too *** the same time,it can meet the requirements of data processing for the real-time *** the process of volume rendering,3D texture mapping methods is *** experimental results are evaluated on data size and frame rate,showing that our approach outperforms other approaches and the approach can achieve better results in real time and visual effects.

关键词： Underwater three-dimensional acoustic energy field underwater acoustics three-dimensional texture mapping volume rendering volume data

A cache-friendly sampling strategy for texture-based volume rendering on GPU

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Visual Informatics 2017年第2期1卷 92-105页

作者： Junpeng Wang Fei Yang Yong Cao The Ohio State University ColumbusOH 43210USA NVIDIA Semiconductor Technology(Shanghai)Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina The Boeing Company North CharlestonSC 29418USA

The texture-based volume rendering is a memory-intensive *** performance relies heavily on the performance of the texture ***,most existing texture-based volume rendering methods blindly map computational resources to texture memory and result in incoherent memory access patterns,causing low cache hit rates in certain *** distance between samples taken by threads of an atomic scheduling unit(e.g.a warp of 32 threads in CUDA)of the GPU is a crucial factor that affects the texture cache *** on this fact,we present a new sampling strategy,called Warp Marching,for the ray-casting algorithm of texture-based volume *** effects of different sample organizations and different thread-pixel mappings in the ray-casting algorithm are thoroughly ***,a pipeline manner color blending approach is introduced and the power of warp-level GPU operations is leveraged to improve the efficiency of parallel executions on the *** addition,the rendering performance of the Warp Marching is view-independent,and it outperforms existing empty space skipping techniques in scenarios that need to render large dynamic volumes in a low resolution *** a series of micro-benchmarking and real-life data experiments,we rigorously analyze our sampling strategies and demonstrate significant performance enhancements over existing sampling methods.

关键词： Warp marching Texture cache hit rate GPU volume rendering

Fast interactive volume rendering method for adjustable vessel segmentation visualization

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Journal of Shanghai University(English Edition) 2008年第3期12卷 240-248页

作者： MAXIME Guilbot 杨新 Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China

Medical diagnosis software and computer-assisted surgical systems often use segmented image data to help clinicians make decisions. The segmentation extracts the region of interest from the background, which makes the visualization clearer. However, no segmentation method can guarantee accurate results under all circumstances. As a result, the clinicians need a solution that enables them to check and validate the segmentation accuracy as well as displaying the segmented area without ambiguities. With the method presented in this paper, the real CT or MR image is displayed within the segmented region and the segmented boundaries can be expanded or contracted interactively. By this way, the clinicians are able to check and validate the segmentation visually and make more reliable decisions. After experiments with real data from a hospital, the presented method is proved to be suitable for efficiently detecting segmentation errors. The new algorithm uses new graphic processing uint （GPU） shading functions recently introduced in graphic cards and is fast enough to interact oil the segmented area, which was not possible with previous methods.

关键词： volume rendering coronary vessels segmentation segmentation error detection texture shader graphic processinguint (GPU)

A volume rendering Algorithm for Sequential 2D Medical Images

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Journal of Shanghai University(English Edition) 2002年第4期6卷 313-318页

作者：吕忆松陈亚珠 Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering USA

volume rendering of 3D data sets composed of sequential 2D medical images has become an important branch in image processing and computer graphics. To help physicians fully understand deep seated human organs and focuses ( e.g. a tumour) as 3D structures, in this paper, we present a modified volume rendering algorithm to render volumetric data. Using this method, the projection images of structures of interest from different viewing directions can be obtained satisfactorily. By rotating the light source and the observer eyepoint, this method avoids rotates the whole volumetric data in main memory and thus reduces computational complexity and rendering time. Experiments on CT images suggest that the proposed method is useful and efficient for rendering 3D data sets.

关键词： volume rendering CT images computer graphics.

volume rendering Transfer Function Design Based on eXtreme Gradient Boosting for Fast Visualization

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Volume Rendering Transfer Function Design Based on eXtreme G...

GPU-based multi-slice per pass algorithm in interactive volume illumination rendering

作者： Qing-mei WANG Tong ZOU Han CUI Peng SHI National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology Beijing

volume visualization has been widely used to simulate and observe complex data in the fields of science, engineering, biomedicine, etc. One central topic of volume visualization is the transfer function（TF） of volume rendering. By setting TF, users design the mapping of voxels to optical properties of 3 D datasets. However, the design of TF is usually a blind process. How to classify all volume data accurately and design a suitable TF fleetly is the key to improve the efficiency of volume rendering. In this paper, we propose a new TF design approach based on extreme gradient boosting（XGBoost） algorithm for fast visualization. First, the features are extracted from 3 D volume data. Then we use the XGBoost model to classify the volume data and design TF. Finally, we assign the optical properties to the voxels to express and reveal the relevant features of dataset. This approach can help users to render the volume data efficiently. It has been tested and achieved satisfactory result.

关键词： volume rendering Transfer function XGBoost Fast visualization

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021年第8期22卷 1092-1103页

作者： Dening LUO Yi LIN Jianwei ZHANG College of Computer Science Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

volume rendering plays a significant role in medical imaging and engineering *** obtain an improved three-dimensional shape perception of volumetric datasets,realistic volume illumination has been considerably studied in recent ***,the calculation overhead associated with interactive volume rendering is unusually high,and the solvability of the problem is adversely affected when the data size and algorithm complexity are *** this study,a scalable and GPU-based multi-slice per pass(MSPP)volume rendering algorithm is proposed which can quickly generate global volume shadow and achieve a translucent effect based on the transfer function,so as to improve perception of the shape and depth of volumetric *** our real-world data tests,MSPP significantly outperforms some complex volume shadow algorithms without losing the illumination effects,for example,half-angle ***,the MSPP can be easily integrated into the parallel rendering frameworks based on sort-first or sort-last algorithms to accelerate volume *** addition,its scalable slice-based volume rendering framework can be combined with several traditional volume rendering frameworks.

关键词： volume rendering volume illumination volumetric datasets Multi-slice per pass