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Rheological properties and viscosity reduction of South China Sea crude oil

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第4期27卷 1198-1207页

作者： Hui Sun Xingxing Lei Benxian Shen Huiran Zhang Jichang Liu Gengnan Li Di Wu Petroleum Processing Research Center East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China The Cene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99163United States Department of Chemistry Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99163United States Materials Science and Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99163United States

The rheological properties of South China Sea （SCS） crude oil were studied. A group of synthetic long-chain polymers, including octadecyl acrylate-maleic anhydride bidodecyl amide copolymer （VR-D）, octadecyl acrylate-maleic anhydride bioctadecyl amide copolymer （VR-O） and octadecyl acrylate-maleic anhydride phenly amide copolymer （VR-A）, were employed to serve as viscosity reducers （VRs）. Their performance was evaluated by both experimental and computational methodologies. The results suggest that the SCS crude oil has low wax content yet high resin and asphaltene contents, which lead to high viscosity through formation of association structures. Additionally, the SCS crude oil appears to be a pseudoplastic fluid showing linear shear stress-shear rate dependence at low temperature. Interestingly, it gradually evolves into a Newtonian fluid with exponential relationship between shear stress and shear rate at higher temperature. Synthetic VRs demonstrate desirable and effective performance on improvement of the rheological properties of SCS crude oil. Upon the introduction of 1000ppm VR-O, which is synthesized by using octadecylamine in the aminolysis reaction, the viscosity of SCS crude oil is decreased by 44.2% at 15 ℃ and 40.2% at 40℃. The computational study suggests significant energy level increase and shear stress decrease for VR-containing crude oil systems.

关键词： South China Sea crude oil Characterization Rheological properties viscosity reduction

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Study on the in situ desulfurization and viscosity reduction of heavy oil over MoO_(3)–ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 catalyst

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3887-3896页

作者： Rui-Qi Liu Li-Qiang Zhang Hui-Da Pan Yi-Ya Wang Jin-Yu Li Xin-Wei Wang Zheng-Da Yang Xin-Lu Han Ri-Yi Lin College of New Energy Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Fossil EnergyChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina

Heavy oil is characterized by high *** viscosity makes it challenging to recover and ***-5,MoO_(3)/HZSM-5,ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 and MoO_(3)–ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 catalysts were developed to promote in situ desulfurization and viscosity reduction of heavy *** physical and chemical properties of catalysts were characterized by XPS,XRD,TEM,NH3-TPD,*** effects of temperature,catalyst type and addition amount on viscosity and composition of heavy oil were *** results showed that the presence of MoO_(3)–ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 nanoparticles during aquathermolysis could improve the oil quality by reducing the heavy *** reduced viscosity by 82.56%after the reaction at 280℃ and catalyst addition of 1 wt%.The contents of resins and asphaltic in the oil samples were 5.69%lower than that in the crude *** content decreased from 1.45%to 1.03%.The concentration of H2S produced by the reaction was 2225 *** contents of sulfur-containing functional groups sulfoxide and sulfone sulfur in the oil samples decreased by 19.92%after the catalytic *** content of stable thiophene sulfur increased by 5.71%.This study provided a basis for understanding the mechanism of heavy oil desulfurization and viscosity reduction.

关键词： Heavy oil Hydrothermal cracking MoO_(3)-ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 catalyst Desulfurization viscosity reduction

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Experimental investigation of the effects of various parameters on viscosity reduction of heavy crude by oil-water emulsion

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Petroleum Science 2015年第1期12卷 170-176页

作者： Talal Al-Wahaibi Yahya Al-Wahaibi Abdul-Aziz R.Al-Hashmi Farouq S.Mjalli Safiya Al-Hatmi Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University

The effects of water content, shear rate, temperature, and solid particle concentration on viscosity reduction （VR） caused by forming stable emulsions were investigated using Omani heavy crude oil. The viscosity of the crude oil was initially measured with respect to shear rates at different temperatures from 20 to 70℃. The crude oil exhibited a shear thinning behavior at all the temperatures. The strongest shear thinning was observed at 20℃. A non-ionic water soluble surfactant （Triton X-100） was used to form and stabilize crude oil emulsions. The emulsification process has significantly reduced the crude oil viscosity. The degree of VR was found to increase with an increase in water content and reach its maximum value at 50 % water content. The phase inversion from oil- oil emulsion occurred at 30 in-water emulsion to water-in- % water content. The results indicated that the VR was inversely proportional to temperature and concentration of silica nanoparticles. For water-in-oil emulsions, VR increased with shear rate and eventually reached a plateau at a shear rate of around 350 s^-1. This was attributed to the thinning behavior of the continuous phase. The VR of oil-in-water emulsions remained almost constant as the shear rate increased due to the Newtonian behavior of water, the continuous phase.

关键词： viscosity reduction Phase inversion Non-newtonian fluid Oil-in-water emulsions Heavy crude oil

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Synthesis of Hierarchical Porous Fe_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3) Materials and Study on Catalytic viscosity reduction of Heavy Oil

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2022年第4期24卷 98-107页

作者： Wu Peiyue Ma Zhaofei Yang Haiyang Xiong Pan Tan Dichen Yan Xuemin College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhouHubei 434023PR China

Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles were first dispersed in a sol solution containing an aluminum component introduced by an initial doping *** catalyst Hierarchical Porous Fe_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3) materials(HPFA)were then synthesized through a sol-gel method via phase *** performance of HPFA was compared with that of Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticle *** structure of the composite catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,N_(2) adsorption/desorption,and crush strength *** results showed that the Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles could be loaded into the porous skeletons of Hierarchical Porous Al_(2)O_(3) materials(HPA)to achieve a uniform dispersion while avoiding agglomeration,which improved the mechanical strength of the porous materials *** HPFA was then used as a catalyst in the hydrothermal viscosity reduction process of Tuha heavy oil,and the viscosity reduction was *** viscosity reduction rate of HPFA was 81%,which was better than that of the Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles(56%)and HPA(47%).

关键词： Fe_(2)O_(3) initial doping method hierarchical porous heavy oil viscosity reduction

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Numerical Study on viscosity reduction in Mining Heavy Oil by Circulating Hot Water

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2013年第2期19卷 103-109页

作者：史维秀李惟毅潘利生 School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University School of Environment and Energy Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

viscosity reduction is an important process in mining heavy *** predict the temperature variation and viscosity variation of heavy oil in flow direction,computational fluid dynamics(CFD) was adopted to simulate the process of heat transfer and flow in this ***,an objective function,namely viscosity reduction efficiency,was established to analyze the effect of viscosity *** results indicate that circulating hot water can reduce viscosity significantly,and that the effect of viscosity reduction depends on the inlet temperature and inlet volumetric flow rate of hot *** is a maximum temperature of heavy oil in flow *** the inlet volumetric flow rate of 2.0m3/h and the inlet temperatures of 60,℃,70,℃ and 80,℃,viscosity reduction efficiencies are 94.6%,96.7% and 97.3%,*** the inlet temperature of 70,℃ and the volumetric flow rates of 1.5m3 /h,2.0 m3/h and 2.5m3/h,viscosity reduction efficiencies are 94.4%,96.7% and 97.2%,respectively.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics (CFD) heavy oil viscosity reduction drag reduction

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Catalytic Performance of Aquathermolysis and viscosity reduction of Heavy Oil over a WO_(3)/ZrO_(2) Solid Acid

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第3期26卷 82-92页

作者： Ning Haolong Wu Junwen Shen Zhibing Che Chang Tang Ruiyuan Liang Shengrong Zhang Juntao Jiang Haiyan Yuan Shibao State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development State Center For Research and Development of Oil Shale ExploitationPetroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteSINOPECBeijing 100083China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Utilization for High-carbon Resources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710065China College of Petroleum Engineering Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710065China.

Tungstated zirconia(WO_(3)/ZrO_(2))solid acid catalysts with different WO_(3) contents were prepared by a hydrothermal method and then used in the catalytic aquathermolysis of heavy oil from *** WO_(3)/ZrO_(2) solid acid catalyst was characterized by a range of characterization methods,including X-ray diffraction,NH3-temperature programmed desorption,and pyridine infrared *** WO_(3) content of the WO_(3)/ZrO_(2) catalysts had an important impact on the structure and property of the *** the WO_(3) mass fraction was 20%,it facilitated the formation of tetragonal zirconia,thereby enhancing the creation of robust acidic *** is considered to have a strong impact on the catalytic performance of the aquathermolysis of heavy *** the catalyst containing 20%WO_(3) was used to catalyze the aquathermolysis of heavy oil under conditions of 14.5 MPa,340℃,and 24 h,the viscosity of heavy oil decreased from 47266 to 5398 mPa·s and the viscosity reduction rate reached 88.6%.The physicochemical properties of heavy oil before and after the aquathermolysis were analyzed using a saturates,aromatics,resins,and asphaltenes analysis,gas chromatography,elemental analysis,densimeter *** the aquathermolysis,the saturate and aromatic contents significantly increased from 43.3%to 48.35%and 19.47%to 21.88%,respectively,with large reductions in the content of resin and asphaltene from 28.22%to 25.06%and 5.36%to 2.03%,*** sulfur and nitrogen contents,and the density of the oil were significantly *** factors were likely the main reasons for promoting the viscosity reduction of heavy oil during the aquathermolysis over the WO_(3)/ZrO_(2) solid acid catalysts.

关键词： heavy oil aquathermolysis viscosity reduction WO_(3)/ZrO_(2)solid acid catalyst

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Enhancing Heavy Crude Oil Flow in Pipelines through Heating-Induced viscosity reduction in the Petroleum Industry

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第8期19卷 2027-2039页

作者： Ramzy S.Hamied Anwar N.Mohammed Ali Khalid A.Sukkar Petroleum Technology Department University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Department of Chemical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq

The process of transporting crude oil across pipelines is one of the most critical aspects of the midstream petroleum *** the present experimental work,the effect of temperature,pressure drop,and pipe diameter on the flow rate of heavy crude oil have been ***,the total discharge and energy losses have been evaluated in order to demonstrate the improvements potentially achievable by using solar heating method replacing pipe,and adjusting the value of the initial pressure *** oil of API=20 has been used for the experiments,with the studied pipelines sections connecting the separator unit to the storage tank operating at a temperature of 25℃-100℃,pressure drop of 3,4,5,and 6 kg/cm^(2),and with pipe diameter of 4,6,and 8 *** results show that on increasing the temperature and/or the pressure drop,the flow rate through the pipeline becomes higher,thus raising the total pumping energy(as the pipe diameter increase),while energy losses increase from the last separator to the storage tank in the field.A pipe diameter increase can also produce a growth of the total pumping energy(i.e.,energy losses increase).The results of the present analysis suggest that employing an optimal temperature(50℃)is needed to ensure good performance.

关键词： Petroleum industry heavy crude oil horizontal flow viscosity reduction

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Experimental study of Iranian heavy crude oil viscosity reduction by diluting with heptane, methanol, toluene, gas condensate and naphtha

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Petroleum 2016年第4期2卷 415-424页

作者： Amir Hossein Saeedi Dehaghani Mohammad Hasan Badizad Petroleum Engineering Group Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Due to the high viscosity of heavy crude oils,production from these reservoirs is a demanding *** tackle this problem,reducing oil viscosity is a promising *** are various methods to reduce viscosity of heavy oil:heating,diluting,emulsification,and core annular *** this study,dilution approach was employed,using industrial solvents and gas *** viscosity of two Iranian heavy crude oils was measured by mixing with solvents at different *** of both oil samples with toluene and heptane,resulted in viscosity ***,their effect became less significant at higher concentrations of *** of forming hydrogen bonds,adding methanol to heavy crude oil resulted in higher *** adding condensate,viscosity of each sample *** condensate had a greater impact on heavier oil;however,at higher temperatures its effect was *** with naphtha decreased heavy oil viscosity in the same way as n-heptane and *** experimental investigation,different viscosity models were evaluated for prediction of heavy oil/solvent *** was recognized that Lederer'model is the best one.

关键词： Heavy oil viscosity reduction Dilution Toluene Methanol n-Heptane Naphtha Gas condensate

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DESIGN OF A NEW ULTRASONIC HORN FOR viscosity reduction OF HEAVY OIL

DESIGN OF A NEW ULTRASONIC HORN FOR VISCOSITY REDUCTION OF H...

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2016年全国压电和声波理论及器件应用研讨会

作者： Yan YANG De-long XU Xiu-ming WANG Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9781509011902

Background, Motivation and Objective With the development of economy, the demand for oil and other energy sources is growing. Especially over the past decade, the demand for oil and natural gas is increasing with the rate of 1.8% per year. Due to the reduction of oil resources in the world, the exploitation of heavy oil, extra-heavy oil and the high pour point oil is becoming more and more important. However, the high-density, high pour point, and poor mobility characteristics of the extra-heavy oil and the high pour point oil make the exploration difficult. Therefore, how to reduce the viscosity of the extra-heavy oil and reduce the pour point of high pour point oil, so that improving their liquidity at room temperature, is of great important for exploration and transportation. Ultrasonic viscosity reduction is a physical viscosity reduction technique, using the physical effect, such as high temperature, high pressure and vibration generated by acoustic cavitation to accelerate or change the chemical reactions. Using the high-power ultrasonic horn to generate acoustic energy(mainly the ultrasonic cavitation, thermal effect and mechanical effect) to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil is a effective method. The feasibility of this technique in experimental has been already verified, but the researches are mostly limited in the laboratory. The transducer engineers have done a lot of research work and develop a number of design theory about theoretical calculation and engineering design on the high-power sandwich piezoelectric ultrasonic horn. But until now, the high-power ultrasonic horn used in the production line is still immature. Low temperature resistance, small-scale of batch processing and low working intensity are the main restrictions. Statement of Contribution/Methods Based on the basic principle of the sandwich piezoelectric transducer, a high-power ultrasonic horn which can be used for viscosity reduction of heavy oil and pour point reduction of crude oil w

关键词： Ultrasonic horn Industrial prototype Simulation viscosity reduction Engineering prototype

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Inhibition of wax crystallization and asphaltene agglomeration by core-shell polymer@SiO_(2) hybride nano-particles

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Petroleum Science 2024年第5期21卷 3621-3629页

作者： Xin-Yuan Li Xu-Biao Zhang Si-Bei Li Li-Wei Hui Xin-Jie Sun Jun Xu Sino Oil King Shine Chemical Co. Ltd.Langfang065000HebeiChina School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Large Industrial Reactor Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

The gelation of crude oil with high wax and asphaltene content at low temperatures often results in the block of transportation pipeline in Africa. In recent years, it was reported that surface hydrophobicmodified nanoparticles have important applications in crude oil flow modification. In this work, four kinds of core-shell hybride nanoparticles by grafting poly(octadecyl, docosyl acrylate) and poly(acrylate-α-olefin) onto the surface of nano-sized SiO_(2) were synthesized by grafting polymerization *** chemical structure of nanoparticles was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). The rheological behaviors of crude oil and precipitation of asphaltenes in the presence of nanoparticles were studied by measuring the viscose-temperature relationship curve, the cumulative wax precipitation amount, and morphology of waxes and asphaltenes. The results indicate that the docosyl polyacrylate@SiO_(2) nanoparticle(PDA@SiO_(2)) can reduce the cumulative wax precipitation amount of crude oil by 72.8%, decline the viscosity of crude oil by 85.6% at 20℃, reduce the average size of wax crystals by 89.7%, and inhibit the agglomeration of asphaltene by 74.8%. Therefore, the nanoparticles not only adjust the crystalline behaviors of waxes, but also inhibit the agglomeration of asphaltenes. Apparently, core-shell hybride nanoparticles provides more heterogeneous nucleation sites for the crystallization of wax molecules,thus inhibiting the formation of three-dimensional network structure. The core-shell polymer@SiO_(2) hybride nanoparticles are one of promising additives for inhibiting crystallization of waxes and agglomeration of asphaltenes in crude oil.

关键词： Heavy oil Wax crystallization Asphaltene agglomeration Hybride nanoparticle viscosity reduction

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