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Seasonal variations of PM10 -- Trace elements, PAHs and Levoglucosan: Rural sugarcane growing area versus coastal urban area in Southeastern Florida, USA. Part II: Elemental concentrations

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Particuology 2019年第5期17卷 99-108页

作者： Orhan Sevim oglu Wolfgang F. Rogge Department of Environmental Engineering Cebze Technical University Cebze Kocaeli 41400 Turkey School of Engineering and Sierra Nevada Research Institute University of California Merced. 5200 North Lake Road Merced CA 95343 USA

The largest sugarcane-growing area in the United States is in South Florida. An estimated 7 million tons of dry sugarcane leafy biomass is removed from the fields before harvest by burning the leaves off the sugarcane stalks. Preharvest sugarcane leaf foliage burning is a major source of airborne particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), biogenic trace elements such as K, volatile hydrocarbons and other pollutants. In one harvesting period, approximately 22 million tons of C02, a greenhouse gas, is released, 7 million tons from leaf foliage preharvest burning alone and 15 million tons from burning sugarcane bagasse in the sugar mills for power generation. In this study, PMio was collected from Belle Glade, close to the sugarcane-growing area, and from Delray Beach, an urbanized area along the East Coast of Florida. The PM samples were analyzed for trace elements and close to organic compounds. To elucidate the importance of preharvest sugarcane biomass smoke emissions on air quality, 39 trace elements, 18 PAHs, and levoglucosan were selected to apportion ambient PM constituents. Al, Ca and to a great extend also Mg are the major soil-related trace elements and key markers for fugitive soil dust emissions. Similarly, sea salt aerosol blown from the Atlantic Ocean into Florida added appreciably to PMio trace elements concentration, especially Na and Cl. Approximately half of the sea salt aerosol (PMjo -portion) by mass is removed from the atmosphere during the transport of ocean air from Delray Beach to Belle Glade. Ambient acid displacement reactions caused a substantial portion of the Cl (30%) to be liberated from the sea salt aerosol to the atmosphere during transport as gaseous HC1. The PAH concentrations at Belle Glade were high when the biomass combustion markers levoglucosan and I< also showed the highest concentrations. This indicates that during the sugarcane harvest season, when leaf foliage is burned off just before harvest, most of the ambient PAHs associated with PMio are indeed

关键词： Urban versus rural Trace elements Sugarcane burning Rare earth elements Sea salt aerosol Potassium Levoglucosan PAHs

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Astrogenesis versus astrogliosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第2期12卷 203-204页

作者： Andrew O.Koob Biology Department and Neuroscience Program University of Hartford West Hartford CT USA

In the mammalian cortex,certain astrocyte subtypes can serve as local adult progenitors.This process of local astrogenesis has been linked to astrogliosis,a nebulous term to describe the astrocytic response to injury and disease.The current evidence indicates that astrogliosis occurs in a context-specific manneralong a graded continuum in response to injury：

关键词： Astrogenesis versus astrogliosis

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COMPARATIVE OBSERVATION ON EFFECT OF ELECTRIC ACUPUNCTURE OF NEIGUAN (P 6) AT CHEN TIME versus XU TIME ON LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1994年第4期14卷 262-265页

作者：李磊陈汉平溪永江王绪业韩桂庭周玉良杨登平赵文强冯志强焦炳芬谢萍朱艾春尹素梅李玲 Shanghai TCM College Shanghai 200032 Huaibei Municipal People's Hospital Anhui Province 235154

Paired experimental design was adopted in this experiment for comparative observation on effect of electric acupuncture (EA) of Neiguan (P 6) at Chen Time (7 a.m. to 9 a.m.) versus Xu Time (7 p.m. to 9 a.m.) on left ventricular function in patients with coronary heart dis-ease (CHD). The results show that EA performed at Chen Time could improve the left ventricular function of CHD patients as indicated by shortening of PEPI and decrease of PEPI/LVETI ratio; on the contrary, EA performed at Xu Time prolonged PEPI and raised PEPI/LVETI ratio in CHD patients, suggesting impairment of left ventricular function.

关键词： acupuncture impairment contrary versus shortening rhythm stimulation sensation minutes prolonged

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A randomized controlled clinical trial on piperacillin/tazobactam versus ticarcillin/clavulanic acid for the treatment of bacterial infections

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Chinese Medical Journal 1998年第11期 80-84页

作者：侯芳李家泰高磊陈扬

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of two β lactam β lactamase inhibitor combinations, piperacillin/tazobactam and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of bacterial infections. Methods A randomized, open labeled, controlled study was conducted for the treatment of 124 hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infection and urinary tract infections. Sixty three patients received piperacillin (4 g)/tazobactam (500 mg) every 8 hours by intravenous infusion and 61 patients received ticarcillin (3 g)/clavulanic acid (200 mg) every 8 hours by intravenous infusion. The duration of treatment was 7-14 days in both groups. Results Sixty three of 79 cases who received piperacillin/tazobactam and 61 of 84 cases who received ticarcillin/clavulanic acid were assessable for clinical efficacy. The overall efficacy rates were 90.5% for the piperacillin/tazobactam group and 88.5% for the ticarcillin/clavulanic acid group, whereas the bacterial eradication rates were 90.2% and 92.0%, respectively. 78 (77.2%) of 101 strains isolated from patients produced β lactamases. The adverse reaction was evaluated in 65 cases of piperacillin/tazobactam group and 62 cases of ticarcillin/clavulanic acid group. The adverse drug reaction rates were 7.69% (5/65) and 8.06% (5/62), respectively. Conclusions Piperacillin/tazobactam and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid were effective and safe for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections caused by β lactamase producing strains. The results showed that there was no statistical difference between these two groups (P>0.05).

关键词： versus

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How to reducePT-GVHD (post- transfusion graft versus host disease) cases

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中国输血杂志 2001年第S1期14卷 285-286页

作者： Takeo Juji Motoko Nishimura Shigeharu Uchida Shigeki Mitsunaga Kazunori Nakajima Kenji Tadokoro The Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center The Japanese Red Cross Central Blood CenterThe Japanese Red Cross Central Blood CenterThe Japanese Red Cross Central Blood CenterThe Japanese Red Cross Central Blood CenterTokyo Western Blood CenterJapanese

ＰＴＧＶＨＤｈａｓｂｅｅｎｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｅｒｉｏｕｓａｄｖｅｒｓｅｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎａｆｔｅｒｔｒａｎｓｆｕｓｉｏｎ ,ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｔｓｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｒａｔｅｉｓｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎ 99.9%.Ｏｎｅｏｒｔｗｏｗｅ... 详细信息

ＰＴＧＶＨＤｈａｓｂｅｅｎｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｅｒｉｏｕｓａｄｖｅｒｓｅｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎａｆｔｅｒｔｒａｎｓｆｕｓｉｏｎ ,ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｔｓｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｒａｔｅｉｓｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎ 99.9%.Ｏｎｅｏｒｔｗｏｗｅｅｋｓａｆｔｅｒｔｒａｎｓｆｕｓｉｏｎ ,ｆｅｖｅｒａｎｄｓｋｉｎｒａｓｈｄｅｖｅｌｏｐａｎｄｌｉｖｅｒｄｙｓｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｐａｎｃｙｔｏｐｅｎｉａｄｕｅｔｏｂｏｎｅｍａｒｒｏｗａｐｌａｓｉａｆｏｌｌｏｗ .ＩｔｈａｄｂｅｅｎｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｔｈａｔＰＴＧＶＨＤｃｏｕｌｄｎｏｔｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｃｏｍｐｅｔｅｎｔｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ,ｓｉｎｃｅＨａｔｈａｗａｙｅｔａｌｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｃａｓｅｓｏｆＰＴＧＶＨＤｉｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｄｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｔｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎｉｎ 196 5 1.Ｉｎ 1984 ,Ａｏｋｉｅｔａｌ2 ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄａｓｕｓｐｅｃｔｅｄｃａｓｅｏｆＰＴＧＶＨＤ ,ｉｎａｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｃｏｍｐｅｔｅｎｔｐａｔｉｅｎｔａｆｔｅｒｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ .Ｂｙｔｈｅｈｉｓｔｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｅｘａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｎｔｈｅｂｉｏｐｓｙｓｐｅｃｉ...

关键词： GVHD versus cases post graft transfusion

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Dexamethasone versus Prednisone in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment: Results of the Indonesian Randomized Trial

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第8期8卷 735-750页

作者： Pudjo H. Widjajanto Eddy Supriyadi Ignatius Purwanto Jacqueline Cloos Peter M. vdVen Sutaryo Anjo JP. Veerman Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Division Department of Pediatrics Sardjito Hospital Medical Faculty Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia Pediatric Oncology/Hematology Division Department of Pediatrics VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Hematology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands

Background: Randomized trials report that, compared to prednisone, dexamethasone has reduced CNS relapse and improved event-free survival (EFS), despite a trend toward a higher risk for induction death. Because toxic death is a specific problem in the Indonesian setting, this study compares the outcome of dexamethasone versus prednisone. Methods: In the period 2006 - 2011, 196 patients with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated on the Indonesia-ALL-2006 protocol [first standard risk (SR) and later high risk (HR) patients] were randomized to receive dexamethasone or prednisone as steroid. Patients in the dexamethasone arm (n = 102: 68 SR, 34 HR) received dexamethasone 4 mg/m2/day (SR) or 6 mg/m2/day (HR), while the prednisone arm (n = 94: 66 SR, 28 HR) received prednisone 40 mg/m2/day (SR and HR). Results: Patients in the dexamethasone arm showed no significant difference compared to the prednisone arm in abandonment rate (24.5% vs. 25.5%, P = 0.91), death rate (17.7% vs. 14.9%, P = 0.54), or leukemic events (13.7 vs. 11.7%, P = 0.59). After stratification for risk group, a trend towards a higher death rate was found in the dexamethasone arm of SR patients (16.2 vs. 6.1%, P = 0.06). The 3-year survival for EFS in SR and HR patients for dexamethasone versus prednisone was 31.5% ± 6.6% vs. 41.5% ± 5.9% (P = 0.51), for leukemia-free survival (LFS) it was 63.7% ± 9.3% vs. 74.5% ± 7.6% (P = 0.47), and for overall survival (OS) it was 49.5% ± 7.7% vs. 69.3% ± 6.1% (P = 0.09). Conclusions: In our setting, a trend toward higher induction deaths was observed in the dexamethasone arm of SR patients and the 3-year EFS;LFS and OS rates were lower in the dexamethasone group;however, these differences were not significant.

关键词： Dexamethasone versus Prednisone Childhood ALL Indonesia

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Capacity Creation versus Demand Creation in Chemical Projects

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China Chemical Reporter 2010年第1期21卷 7-8页

作者： N.S.Venkataraman

In the recent times,there have been a numberof reports about falling demand for chemicalproducts across the world,which is attributedto the so called global melt down.Whileit is true that there have been some sort ofglobal recession due to variety of reasons,itis debatable as to whether there have beenreal fall in the overall demand for chemicalproducts or only decline in growth rate indemand that has upset the demand growthexpectations of newly created projects.

关键词： Creation recession falling versus decline reasons

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Circular versus Linear versus Hand-Sewn Gastrojejunostomy in Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass: Data Analysis from a Quality Assurance Study of the Surgical Treatment of Obesity in Germany

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Surgical Science 2014年第7期5卷 280-289页

作者： Christine Stroh Grigorji Nesterov Rudolf Weiner Frank Benedix Christian Knoll Matthias Pross Thomas Manger DRK Hospital Berlin Koepenick Germany Helios Hospital Bad Saarow Germany Sachsenhausen Hospital Frankfurt/Main Germany SRH Municipal Hospital Gera Germany StatConsult Magdeburg Germany University Hospital Magdeburg Germany

Background: Since January 12005, the outcomes of bariatric surgeries have been recorded in Germany. All data are registered prospectively in cooperation with the Institute of Quality Assurance in Surgery at Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg.?Methods: Data are collected in an online data bank. Data collection began in 2005 for the results of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB). In addition to primary bariatric operations, data regarding the complications and the amelioration of comorbidities have been analyzed. Participation in the quality assurance study is required for all certified centers in Germany.?Results: Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass is the most popular bariatric operation in Germany. There were 5115 operations performed from 2005 to 2010. A circular anastomosis was performed in 1587 patients, and a linear anastomosis was performed in 2734 patients. In 783 patients the hand-sewn technique was used. The leakage rate for the linear technique is 1.6%, and the leakage rate is 1.2% for circular anastomosis and 1.4% for hand-sewn technique. The overall postoperative complication rate was significantly higher using the circular technique than using the linear or hand-sewn approach.?Conclusion: RYGB is a popular procedure in Germany. The complication rate has decreased since 2005. A comparison of hand sewn versus linear and versus circular anastomosis indicated a higher complication rate in circular gastrojejunal junctions.

关键词： Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass Circular versus Linear versus Hand-Sewn Anastomosis Complications

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Diagnostic value of computed tomographyguided percutaneous needle biopsy versus radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy in peripheral pulmonary lesions

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2016年第1期33卷 35-36页

作者：王昌国 Dept Respir Med 1st Affil HospSoochow Univ

Objective To evaluate the value of computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy(CT-PNB)and radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy(EBUS-TBLB)in the diagnosis of peripheral pulm... 详细信息

关键词： guided biopsy radial versus needle statistically diagnostic bronchial chest

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Superiority of crithidia luciliae im-munoperoxidase (CIP) versus crithidialuciliae incident and transmitted im-munofluorescence (CIF) methods fordetection of anti-doubled strandedDNA anti-bodies (anti-dsDAN)

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新乡医学院学报 1984年第2期 6-7页

作者： Lee.T.K M.D Rothberger H.M.D 新乡医学院病理教研室新乡医学院病理教研室付教授付教授

Auto-antibodies of many specificities have been found in the serum ofpatients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),Antibodies againstdouhle-stranded DNA(anti-dsDNA)have been amonog the most widelystudied because these occur in much higher concentrations in SLE than otherrheumatic diseases and the levels correlate with the clinical course,allowing

关键词： erythematosus dsDNA versus transmitted doubled correlate incident stranded routine situations

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