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Dynamic Signature verification Using Pattern Recognition

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 214-227页

作者： Emmanuel Nwabueze Ekwonwune Duroha Austin Ekekwe Chinyere Iheakachi Ubochi Henry Chinedu Oleribe Department of Computer Science Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Computer Science Gregory University Abia Nigeria ICT Department Alvan Ikoku University of Education Owerri Nigeria

Dynamic signature is a biometric modality that recognizes an individual’s anatomic and behavioural characteristics when signing their name. The rampant case of signature falsification (Identity Theft) was the key motivating factor for embarking on this study. This study was necessitated by the damages and dangers posed by signature forgery coupled with the intractable nature of the problem. The aim and objectives of this study is to design a proactive and responsive system that could compare two signature samples and detect the correct signature against the forged one. Dynamic Signature verification is an important biometric technique that aims to detect whether a given signature is genuine or forged. In this research work, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNsor ConvNet) which is a class of deep, feed forward artificial neural networks that has successfully been applied to analysing visual imagery was used to train the model. The signature images are stored in a file directory structure which the Keras Python library can work with. Then the CNN was implemented in python using the Keras with the TensorFlow backend to learn the patterns associated with the signature. The result showed that for the same CNNs-based network experimental result of average accuracy, the larger the training dataset, the higher the test accuracy. However, when the training dataset are insufficient, better results can be obtained. The paper concluded that by training datasets using CNNs network, 98% accuracy in the result was recorded, in the experimental part, the model achieved a high degree of accuracy in the classification of the biometric parameters used.

关键词： verification Security Biometrics Signature Authentication Model Pattern Recognition Dynamic

On equivalence of state-based potential games

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 313-327页

作者： Han WU Jinhuan WANG Institute of Mathematics School of ScienceHebei University of Technology

In this paper, we explore state-based potential games using the semi-tensor product of matrices.First, applying the potential equation, we derive both a necessary and sufficient condition as well as a sufficient condition to verify whether a state-based game qualifies as a potential game. Next, we present two static equivalence conditions of state-based potential games. We then delve into dynamic equivalence. We propose a criterion that allows us to identify state-based games that are dynamically equivalent to state-based potential games and share similar dynamic properties. Ultimately, we introduce the concept of state-based networked evolutionary games. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition to ensure that a state-based networked evolutionary game can be classified as a state-based potential game.

关键词： semi-tensor product of matrices state-based potential game verification equivalence state-based networked evolutionary game

A Survey on an Emerging Safety Challenge for Autonomous Vehicles:Safety of the Intended Functionality

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 17-34页

作者： Hong Wang Wenbo Shao Chen Sun Kai Yang Dongpu Cao Jun Li Tsinghua Intelligent Vehicle Design and Safety Research Institute School of Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China CogDrive Lab Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L3G1Canada College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

As the complexity of autonomous vehicles(AVs)continues to increase and artificial intelligence algorithms are becoming increasingly ubiquitous,a novel safety concern known as the safety of the intended functionality(SOTIF)has emerged,presenting significant challenges to the widespread deployment of AVs.SOTIF focuses on issues arising from the functional insufficiencies of the AVs’intended functionality or its implementation,apart from conventional safety considerations.From the systems engineering standpoint,this study offers a comprehensive exploration of the SOTIF landscape by reviewing academic research,practical activities,challenges,and perspectives across the development,verification,validation,and operation phases.Academic research encompasses system-level SOTIF studies and algorithm-related SOTIF issues and solutions.Moreover,it encapsulates practical SOTIF activities undertaken by corporations,government entities,and academic institutions spanning international and Chinese contexts,focusing on the overarching methodologies and practices in different phases.Finally,the paper presents future challenges and outlook pertaining to the development,verification,validation,and operation phases,motivating stakeholders to address the remaining obstacles and challenges.

关键词： Safety of the intended functionality Autonomous vehicles Artificial intelligence Uncertainty verification Validation

Advanced virtual prototyping for cyber-physical systems using RISC-V: implementation, verification and challenges

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 5-21页

作者： Vladimir HERDT Rolf DRECHSLER Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI Gmb H

Virtual prototypes(VPs) are crucial in today’s design flow. VPs are predominantly created in System C transaction-level modeling(TLM) and are leveraged for early software development and other system-level use cases. Recently, virtual prototyping has been introduced for the emerging RISC-V instruction set architecture(ISA) and become an important piece of the growing RISC-V ecosystem. In this paper, we present enhanced virtual prototyping solutions tailored for RISC-V. The foundation is an advanced open source RISC-V VP implemented in System C TLM and designed as a configurable and extensible platform.It scales from small bare-metal systems to large multi-core systems that run applications on top of the Linux operating system. Based on the RISC-V VP, this paper also discusses advanced VP-based verification approaches and open challenges. In combination, we provide for the first time an integrated and unified overview and perspective on advanced virtual prototyping for RISC-V.

关键词： virtual prototyping RISC-V SystemC TLM verification

Optimisation design and verification of the acoustic environment for multimedia classrooms in universities based on simulation

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Building Simulation 2022年第8期15卷 1419-1436页

作者： Peisheng Zhu Wanqi Tao Xiaodong Lu Fangshuo Mo Fei Guo Hongchi Zhang School of Architecture and Fine Art Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The acoustic environment of the classroom is one of the most important factors influencing the teaching and learning effects of the teacher and students.It is critical to ensure good speech intelligibility in classrooms.However,due to some factors,it may not be easy to achieve an ideal classroom acoustic environment,especially in large-scale multimedia classrooms.In a real renovation project of 39 multimedia classrooms in a university,seven typical rooms were selected,and the acoustic environment optimisation design and verification for these multimedia classrooms were performed based on simulation.First,the acoustic and sound reinforcement design schemes were determined based on the room acoustics software ODEON.Next,the effects of the optimisation design were analysed,and the simulated and measured results were compared;the accuracy of using the reduced sound absorption coefficients,which were determined empirically,was also examined.Finally,the recommended reverberation times(RTs)in multimedia classrooms corresponding to speech intelligibility were discussed,the effectiveness of the speech transmission index(STI)as a primary parameter for classroom acoustic environment control was considered,and the acoustic environment under the unoccupied and occupied statuses was compared.The results revealed that although there are many factors influencing the effect of classroom acoustic environment control,an adequate result can be expected on applying the appropriate method.Considering both the acoustic design and visual requirements also makes the classroom likely to have a good visual effect in addition to having a good listening environment.

关键词： multimedia classroom speech intelligibility acoustic environment optimisation design verification

verification of tropical cyclones(TC)wind structure forecasts from global NWP models and ensemble prediction systems(EPSs)

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第2期11卷 88-102页

作者： Xiaoqin Lu Wai Kin Wong Kin Chung Au-Yeung Chun Wing Choy Hui Yu Shanghai Typhoon Institute and Laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique China Meteorological AdministrationShanghaiChina Hong Kong Observatory Hong KongChina

Forecasting wind structure of tropical cyclone(TC)is vital in assessment of impact due to high winds using Numerical Weather Prediction(NWP)model.The usual verification technique on TC wind structure forecasts are based on grid-to-grid comparisons between forecast field and the actual field.However,precision of traditional verification measures is easily affected by small scale errors and thus cannot well discriminate the accuracy or effectiveness of NWP model forecast.In this study,the Method for Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation(MODE),which has been widely adopted in verifying precipitation fields,is utilized in TC’s wind field verification for the first time.The TC wind field forecast of deterministic NWP model and Ensemble Prediction System(EPS)of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)over the western North Pacific and the South China Sea in 2020 were evaluated.A MODE score of 0.5 is used as a threshold value to represent a skillful(or good)forecast.It is found that the R34(radius of 34 knots)wind field structure forecasts within 72 h are good regardless of DET or EPS.The performance of R50 and R64 is slightly worse but the R50 forecasts within 48 h remain good,with MODE exceeded 0.5.The R64forecast within 48 h are worth for reference as well with MODE of around 0.5.This study states that the TC wind field structure forecast by ECMWF is skillful for TCs over the western North Pacific and the South China Sea.

关键词： verification Tropical cyclones wind structure forecasts Numerical weather prediction models Ensemble prediction system

Forward and backward secure searchable encryption with multi-keyword search and result verification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 270-272页

作者： Jie CUI Yue SUN Yan XU Miaomiao TIAN Hong ZHONG School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Anhui Engineering Laboratory of LoT Security Technologies Anhui University

Dear editor,Searchable encryption [1] is a new search method that not only protects personal privacy, but also searches over encrypted data. The multi-keyword scheme can search documents with more keywords so that the... 详细信息

关键词： Forward Security Backward Security Multi-keyword Search verification Searchable Encryption

verification on the Developmental Toxicity of Short-term Exposure to Phenol in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期33卷 403-413页

作者： WANG Chao XU Yong Jun SHI Ying WANG Chong DUAN Lian GU Wen RUAN Hong Jie ZHANG Shao Ping ZHI Hong KONG Jian ZHANG Li Xia ZHANG Ming ZHANG Hong Wei China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China

Objective To verify the health advisory for short-term exposure to phenol.Methods The method of this validation experiment was the same as the US Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)methodology for toxicology experiments used to determine phenol drinking water equivalent level(DWEL).Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered phenol in distilled water by gavage at daily doses of 15,30,60,120,and 240 mg/kg body weight(b.w.)from implantation(the 6 th day post-mating)to the day prior to the scheduled caesarean section(the 20th day of pregnancy).The following information was recorded:general behavior;body weight;number of corpus luteum,live birth,fetus,stillbirth,and implantation;fetal gender;body weight;body length;tail length;and abnormalities and pathomorphological changes in the dams.Results In the 60 mg/kg b.***.dose group,the mortality of pregnant rats increased with increasing doses,suggesting maternal toxicity.Fetal and placental weights decreased as phenol dose increased from30 mg/kg b.w.,and were significantly different compared those in the vehicle control group,which suggested developmental toxicity in the fetuses.However,the phenol-exposed groups showed no significant change in other parameters compared with the vehicle control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Despite using the same method as the US EPA,a different NOEAL of 15 mg/(kg·d)was obtained in this study.

关键词： Phenol Short-term exposure health advisory verification

verification of a self-developed CFD-based multi-physics coupled code MPC-LBE for LBE-cooled reactor

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第5期32卷 84-100页

作者： Zhi-Xing Gu Qing-Xian Zhang Yi Gu Liang-Quan Ge Guo-Qiang Zeng Mu-Hao Zhang Bao-Jie Nie College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

To perform an integral simulation of a pool-type reactor using CFD code,a multi-physics coupled code MPC-LBE for an LBE-cooled reactor was proposed by integrating a point kinetics model and a fuel pin heat transfer model into self-developed CFD code.For code verification,a code-to-code comparison was employed to validate the CFD code.Furthermore,a typical BT transient benchmark on the LBE-cooled XADS reactor was selected for verification in terms of the integral or system performance.Based on the verification results,it was demonstrated that the MPC-LBE coupled code can perform thermal-hydraulics or safety analyses for analysis for processes involved in LBE-cooled pool-type reactors.

关键词： LBE-cooled pool-type reactor Computational fluid dynamics Multi-physics coupling code Safety analysis code verification