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A review of computer graphics approaches to urban modeling from a machine learning perspective

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021年第7期22卷 915-925页

作者： Tian FENG Feiyi FAN Tomasz BEDNARZ Department of Computer Science and Information Technology La Trobe UniversityVIC 3086Australia Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Expanded Perception and Interaction Centre University of New South WalesNSW 2021Australia CSIRO's Data61 NSW 2015Australia

urban modeling facilitates the generation of virtual environments for various scenarios about *** requires expertise and consideration,and therefore consumes massive time and computation ***,related tasks sometimes result in dissatisfaction or even *** challenges have received significant attention from researchers in the area of computer ***,the burgeoning development of artificial intelligence motivates people to exploit machine learning,and hence improves the conventional *** this paper,we present a review of approaches to urban modeling in computer graphics using machine learning in the literature published between 2010 and *** serves as an overview of the current state of research on urban modeling from a machine learning perspective.

关键词： urban modeling Computer graphics Machine learning Deep learning

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Development of an Accurate urban modeling System Using CAD/GIS Data for Atmosphere Environmental Simulation

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 412-417页

作者： Tomosato Takada Kazuo Kashiyama Department of Civil Engineering Chuo University

This paper presents an urban modeling system using CAD/GIS data for atmosphere environmental simulation, such as wind flow and contaminant spread in urban area. The CAD data is used for the shape modeling for the high-storied buildings and civil structures with complicated shape since the data for that is not included in the 3D-GIS data accurately. The unstructured mesh based on the tetrahedron element is employed in order to express the urban structures with complicated shape accurately. It is difficult to understand the quality of shape model and mesh by the conventional visualization technique. In this paper, the stereoscopic visualization using virtual reality (VR) technology is employed for the verification of the quality of shape model and mesh. The present system is applied to the atmosphere environmental simulation in urban area and is shown to be an useful planning and design tool to investigate the atmosphere environmental problem.

关键词： CAD/GIS urban modeling mesh generation atmosphere environmental simulation stereo-scopic visualization virtual reality

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modeling urban intersection form:Measurements,patterns,and distributions

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第1期10卷 33-49页

作者： Jun Cao Junkai Zhu Qingyao Zhang Ke Wang Junyan Yang Qiao Wang School of Architecture Southeast UniversityNanjingChina School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjinsChina Institute for urban Research University of PennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaUSA

Intersections appear where one street crosses another,acting as fundamental nodes embedded in the network of urban public *** discussed in configurationa and perceptive studies,limited attention has been paid to the morphological aspects of *** study proposes and tested a new approach to modeling the urban intersection ***,effective cylinder was introduced to define the related space for each intersection based on its ***,a set of morphological indicators were presented to measure the physical properties of the intersection ***,the affinity propagation algorithm was used to examine the patterns of intersection *** the Old City of Nanjing,China as the study area,844 intersections were analyzed to test this new *** a result,we were able to classify the intersections into eight *** study shows that the intersection can be modelled as a volumetric and integral spatial unit of urban form,which may demand more attention from urban designers and architects in the future for shaping the built *** quantitative nature of our method could also open more possibilities for intersection-based studies.

关键词： urban intersections urban morphology Intersection pattern urban modeling Built environment urban design

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Exposing the urban continuum:implications and crosscomparison from an interdisciplinary perspective

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 22-44页

作者： Johannes H.Uhl Hamidreza Zoraghein Stefan Leyk Deborah Balk Christina Corbane Vasileios Syrris Aneta JFlorczyk Department of Geography University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCAR) BoulderCOUSA CUNY Institute for Demographic Research and Baruch College City University of New YorkNew York CityNYUSA European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly

There is an increasing availability of geospatial data describing patterns of human settlement and population such as various global remote-sensing based built-up land layers,fine-grained census-based population estimates,and publicly available cadastral and building footprint *** development constitutes new integrative modeling opportunities to characterize the continuum of urban,peri-urban,and rural settlements and ***,little research has been done regarding the agreement between such data products in measuring human presence which is measured by different proxy variables(*** of built-up structures derived from different remote sensors,census-derived population counts,or cadastral land parcels).In this work,we quantitatively evaluate and cross-compare the ability of such data to model the urban continuum,using a unique,integrated validation database of cadastral and building footprint data,*** data,and three different versions of the Global Human Settlement Layer(GHSL)derived from remotely sensed *** identify advantages and shortcomings of these data types across different geographic settings in the U.S.,which will inform future data users on implications of data accuracy and suitability for a given application,even in data-poor regions of the world.

关键词： Built-up surfaces Global Human Settlement Layer(GHSL) Sentinel-1 Landsat agreement assessment urban modeling cadastral parcel data U.S.census data

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Plausibility in Early Stages of Architectural Design: A New Tool for High-Rise Residential Buildings

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2009年第3期14卷 327-332页

作者： Dirk Donath Danny Lobos Chair of Computer Science in Architecture Faculty of Architecture Bauhaus-UniversityWeimar 99423 Germany

This paper analyzes the problem of the design of envelopes for high-rise isolated residential buildings. The phenomenon of envelope creation appears in the early stages of the architectural design. Variables that influence the final shape and size of such envelopes are then identified. This paper presents the state-of-the-art tools for the current solutions at the commercial and academic/scientific level. The variables identified in this research are the client＇s needs, the urban code and architectural practice, and their specific components for the final creation of a new decision support system tool based on the building information modeling （BIM） software platform, to facilitate the work in the project development and drawing production stages. This tool generates several options for building envelopes according to the parameters required by the city Zoning Planning Commission. These options then lead to deliver reliable data and a geometry that can be analyzed in a timely fashion by the engineers, builders, architects, government, and clients in the early stages of the building＇s design. The results show that use of specific information and communication technologies （ICT） tools in the early stages of a building design helps reduce the working time, increases confidence in the generated solution, and contributes to the exploration of alternatives in a short period of time.

关键词： constraint based design parametric programming urban modeling optimization architectural design

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