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A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of urban heat island

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第1期20卷 120-128页

作者： RIZWAN Ahmed Memon DENNIS Y.C. Leung LIU Chunho Department of Mechanical Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China.

urban heat island （uhi） is considered as one of the major problems in the 21st century posed to human beings as a result of urbanization and industrialization of human civilization. The large amount of heat generated from urban structures, as they consume and re-radiate solar radiations, and from the anthropogenic heat sources are the main causes of uhi. The two heat sources increase the temperatures of an urban area as compared to its surroundings, which is known as urban heat island Intensity （uhiI）. The problem is even worse in cities or metropolises with large population and extensive economic activities. The estimated three billion people living in the urban areas in the world are directly exposed to the problem, which will be increased significantly in the near future. Due to the severity of the problem, vast research effort has been dedicated and a wide range of literature is available for the subject. The literature available in this area includes the latest research approaches, concepts, methodologies, latest investigation tools and mitigation measures. This study was carded out to review and summarize this research area through an investigation of the most important feature of uhi. It was concluded that the heat re-radiated by the urban structures plays the most important role which should be investigated in details to study urban heating especially the uhi. It was also concluded that the future research should be focused on design and planning parameters for reducing the effects of urban heat island and ultimately living in a better environment.

关键词： urban heat island （uhi） urbanization temperature rise mitigation

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Numerical Simulations of Impacts of urbanization on Heavy Rainfall in Beijing Using Different Land-Use Data

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2007年第2期21卷 245-255页

作者：江晓燕刘伟东 Institute of urban Meteorology CMA

A summer strong convective precipitation event on 10 July 2004 over Beijing is numerically simulated in this paper, and the impact of urban heat island （uhi） on summer convective rain is investigated. The analysis reveals that a mesoscaie convective cloud cluster system leads to this heavy rainfall event, suggesting the supply of moisture by the large scale circulation before the initiation of precipitation, a generally weaker uhi of 2-3℃ existed in the urban area. Much like a sea breeze, the anomalously warm urban air created relatively low pressure, inducing the inflow of cooler rural air towards the urban center, which is favorable to the ascending motion and the formation of convective precipitation over the urban area. In addition, the numerical simulation of the strong convective precipitation event suggests that the simulated result of precipitation using the 2002 LANDSAT-7 land-use data with 30-m resolution is much better than that using the 1992-1993 USGS land-use data with 1-km resolution, whether in the magnitude of rainfall or in the location of precipitation. The simulation confirms to some extent that the uhi has a significant role in causing extreme rainfall event.

关键词： urban heat island （uhi） heavy rainfall numerical simulation land-use data

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Seasonal Variation and Land-Use/Land-Cover Type Impacts on the Correlation of urban heat island Intensity and Difference Vegetation Index with Satellite Data in Xi’an,China

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2018年第5期23卷 387-395页

作者： ZHAO Wenting ZHU Xinming JIANG Guangxin GAO Zhiyuan College of urban and Environment Northwest University

Green coverage has pronounced influences on urban heat island（uhi） effect, while the impacts of seasonal variation and Land-Use/Land-Cover（LULC） types on this effect has not been implemented. This paper investigated the spatio-seasonal characteristics of urban thermal environment and the vegetation-soil mixed area, and then explored the effects of vegetation status on uhi intensity from the perspectives of seasons and regions in Xi＇an using four Landsat 8 images. uhi intensity index was implemented to extract uhi intensity based on thermal infrared imagery, and difference vegetation index（DVI） was used to represent vegetation-soil mixed area. Results indicated that DVI has impacts on uhi intensity, and their relations vary with season and region. In the whole Xi＇an, if uhi intensity is smaller than-0.1, DVI increases with the increase of uhi intensity; whereas for uhi intensity is greater than-0.1, DVI decreases with increases of the uhi intensity from early spring to autumn. The highest correlation level was discovered in the autumn map（R^2=0.713）. Results of correlation analysis further displayed that DVI positively correlated with uhi intensity at impervious surface, and that the main urban area possessed the best correlation with R^2=0.564 5.

关键词： urban heat island （uhi） difference vegetation index（DVI） spatial and seasonal variation correlation analysis Xi＇an

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