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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第15期26卷 1683-1690页

作者： Paul Brennan Kathleen Clare Jacob George John F Dillon Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine University of DundeeNinewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundee DD19SYUnited Kingdom Department of Neurology Queen Elizabeth HospitalGlasgow G514TFUnited Kingdom

There has long been a recognised association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and the composite aspects of the metabolic *** of this association highlighted the supposed co-existence of elevated uric acid levels in those with *** is interest in exploitation of this as a putative diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in *** the increased economic and health burden associated with the NAFLD epidemic,improved methods of population-based,minimally-invasive methods and biomarkers are clearly highly sought and *** this opinion review we review the proposed role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its potential utilisation in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease process.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Uric acid urate Non-invasive fibrosis markers Fatty liver index

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) inhibits renal reabsorption by regulating expression of urate transporters in fructose-induced hyperuricemia

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2019年第1期6卷 84-94页

作者： Yu Wang Zhijian Lin Bing Zhang Xiao Wang Mengzhen Chu School of Chinese Materia Medica Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Mayo Clinic MinnesotaMN55905USA

Objective:Hyperuricemia is an excess of urate in *** kidneys play important parts in urate excretion,which involves handling reabsorption and secretion.A series of urate transporters is responsible for this process:urate transporter (URAT)1,glucose transporter (GLUT)9,organic anion transporter (OAT)1 and *** fructose intake may result in increased serum urate *** (Cichorium intybus L.) has been used as an edible vegetable and traditional Chinese *** have shown that chicory is a promising anti-hyperuricemia agent and we explored the mechanism of its uricosuric effect via a renal ***:Hyperuricemia was induced in rats by administration of 10% *** uricosuric effect was evaluated by determining the serum urate *** excretory function was detected by the clearance rate of creatinine,clearance rate of uric acid and *** location and expression of URAT1,GLUT9,OAT1 and OAT3 their mRNA expression in kidneys were ***:Chicory decreased serum levels of urate and creatinine significantly,and promoted the clearance of creatinine and urate,as well as improving renal pathologic changes due to *** inhibited expression of URAT1 and GLUT9 markedly in a dosedependent manner,but showed no influence on expression of OAT1 or ***:Chicory might be a promising anti-hyperuricemia *** can promote renal excretion of urate by inhibiting urate reabsorption,which may be related to downregulation of mRNA and protein expression of URAT1 and GLUT9.

关键词： Chicory Fructose Hyperuricemia Renal resorption urate transporters

Successful prevention of tumor lysis syndrome using recombinant urate oxidase in patient with metastasic and bulky prostate rhabdomyosarcoma

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2014年第1期3卷 18-22页

作者： Atsuko Watanabe Ryuhei Tanaka Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology International Medical Center Saitama Medical University Hidaka Japan Department of Pediatrics Kasumigaura Medical Center Tsuchiura Japan Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology International Medical Center Saitama Medical University Hidaka Japan

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncological emergency that frequently occurs in patients with hematological malignancies. It is becoming more common in patients with solid tumors because of advances in molecular targeted therapies. Recombinant urate oxidase (rUO) is effective at preventing and treating hyperuricemia, but clinicians who treat adult patients with solid tumors are generally not aware of this. In addition, the treatment guidelines for TLS do not include indications for rUO treatment for chemosensitive sarcoma. We report an adolescent case of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), in which clinical TLS was successfully prevented using rUO. A 16-year-old Japanese male suffered from urinary retention and bone pain and was diagnosed with prostate RMS combined with multiple bone metastases and bone marrow involvement. He was judged to be at high risk of clinical TLS because his prostate tumor was bulky and he displayed laboratory TLS. rUO was administered during chemotherapy. Soon after the initiation of chemotherapy, his disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) got worse, and his lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was elevated due to tumor lysis. However, his serum uric acid levels remained low, and he was prevented from falling into acute renal failure. The planned regimen was successfully completed without life-threatening complications, and the patient achieved a complete response after 2 courses of chemotherapy. The international TLS consensus panel developed recommendations for TLS prophylaxis, but did not define the TLS risk classification of RMS. We recommend that RMS should be treated like neuroblastoma because it grows rapidly and is highly chemosensitive. Our patient was considered to be indicated for rUO because he displayed urinary retention, DIC, and laboratory TLS before chemotherapy. These features might be useful as indications for rUO therapy, which can safely support chemotherapy.

关键词： Tumor Lysis Syndrome Recombinant urate Oxidase Rhabdomyosarcoma

Glut9-mediated increased intracellular urate levels are responsible for its protective effects on dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease

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Glut9-mediated increased intracellular urate levels are resp...

Efficacy of boswellic acid on lysosomal acid hydrolases,lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidant status in gouty arthritic mice

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Ming-Xia BI Xi-Xun DU Qian JIAO Hong JIANG Department of Physiology Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders State Key Disciplines: Physiology Medical College of Qingdao University

Objective Considerable evidence had shown that elevated plasma or cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) urate correlated with a reduced risk and slow progression of Parkinson’s disease(PD). Based on its anti-oxidative properties, urate might serve as one of promising neuroprotective candidates for PD. The present study is aimed to explore the mechanism underlying the transport of urate through the cell membrane. Methods To elucidate this, using urate oxidase(UOx) knockout mice and MES23.5 dopaminergic cells, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced mice model and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridillium ion(MPP)-induced cell model of PD were employed for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. The effects of urate on dopaminergic neurons were investigated by measuring tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) positive neurons and oxidative stress index. Intracellular urate levels were detected by urate fluorometric assay. The underlying urate transport mechanism was also explored. Results In the present study, we found that urate could antagonize MPP-induced decrease in cell viability and oxidative injury, resulting in the decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) levels in MES23.5 dopaminergic cells. Increased intracellular urate levels were responsible for this neuroprotective effect, which was caused by the up-regulation of its transporter, glucose transporter type 9(Glut9). Moreover, we found that the activation of p53 led to the increased Glut9 levels. These protective effects could be completely abolished by specific inhibition of Glut9 and p53. While in UOx knockout mice with elevated serum and striatal urate levels, MPTP even could not cause damage to the nigral dopaminergic neurons. Conclusion The up-regulation of Glut9 was capable of increasing intracellular urate levels under oxidative stresss conditions, which might serve as an endogenous compensatory mechanism for adaptation to oxidative

关键词： Parkinson’s disease urate Glut9 p53 oxidative stress

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第2期2卷 128-133页

作者： Evan Prince Sabina Haridas Indu Mahaboobkhan Rasool School of Bio Sciences and Technology VIT University Vellore-632 014

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of boswellic acid against monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in ***:The mice were divided into four experimental ***Ⅰserved as control;mice in groupⅡwere injected with monosodium urate crystal;groupⅢconsisted of monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with boswellic acid(30mg/kg/b.w.);groupⅣcomprised monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with indomethacin(3mg/kg/b.w.).Paw volume and levels/activities of lysosomal enzymes,lipid peroxidation,anti-oxidant status and inflammatory mediator TNF-αwere determined in control and monosodium urate crystal-induced *** addition,the levels ofβ-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase were also measured in monosodium urate crystal-incubated polymorphonuclear leucocytes(PMNL)in ***:The activities of lysosomal enzymes,lipid peroxidation,and tumour necrosis factor-αlevels and paw volume were increased significantly in monosodium urate crystal-induced mice,whereas the activities of antioxidant status were in turn ***,these changes were modulated to near normal levels upon boswellic acid *** vitro,boswellic acid reduced the level ofβ-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase in monosodium urate crystal-incubated PMNL in concentration dependent manner when compared with control ***:The results obtained in this study further strengthen the anti-inflammatory/antiarthritic effect of boswellic acid,which was already well established by several investigators.

关键词： Boswellic acid Gouty arthritis Indomethacin Lysosomal enzymes Polymorphonuclear leucocytes Monosodium urate Lipid peroxidation Antioxidant status Anti-inflammatory effect Antiarthritic effect Inflammation

Spinal gout:A review with case illustration

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第11期7卷 766-775页

作者： Hossein Elgafy Xiaochen Liu Joseph Herron Department of Orthopedics University of Toledo Medical Center

AIM To summarize clinical presentations and treatment optionsof spinal gout in the literature from 2000 to 2014, and present theories for possible mechanism of spinal gout *** The authors reviewed 68 published cases of spinal gout, which were collected by searching "spinal gout" on Pub Med from 2000 to 2014. The data were analyzed for clinical features, anatomical location of spinal gout, laboratory studies, imaging studies, and treatment choices. RESULTS Of the 68 patients reviewed, the most common clinical presentation was back or neck pain in 69.1% of patients. The most common laboratory study was elevated uric acid levels in 66.2% of patients. The most common diagnostic image finding was hypointense lesion of the gout tophi on the T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scan. The most common surgical treatment performed was a laminectomy in 51.5% and non-surgical treatment was performed in 29.4% of *** Spinal gout most commonly present as back or neck pain with majority of reported patients with elevated uric acid. The diagnosis of spinal gout is confirmed with the presence of negatively birefringent monosodium urate crystals in tissue. Treatment for spinal gout involves medication for the reduction of uric acid level and surgery if patient symptoms failed to respond to medical treatment.

关键词： Spinal Gout Tophi Monosodium urate

SPECTROFLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MICROAMOUNTS OF TERBIUM

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1981年第6期26卷 574-575页

作者：慈云祥宁民柱阳芳英 Department of Chemistry Peking University Department of Chemistry

The chelate compound formed by terbium with acetylacetone （AA） has been used as the basis for a sensitive, accurate spectrofluorimetric determination of microamounts of terbium. At pH 8—8.5, [AA]/[Tb3+]=300—400, t... 详细信息

关键词： chelate quickly tensity latter urate fluor noted designated termination evident

Distinct profiles of systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress in chronic human pathologies:Cardiovascular,psychiatric,neurodegenerative,rheumatic,infectious,neoplasmic and endocrinological diseases

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 331-339页

作者： Michel Brack Olivier Brack Yves Menezo Dominique Bonnefont Rousselot Gerard Dreyfus MJohn Chapman Anatol Kontush Ge Sante et Retraite ParisFrance Consultant en Statistiques EschesFrance Procrelys Maison Medicale Ambroise PareLyonFrance Laboratoire Clement ParisFrance London Fertlity Associates LondonUK Department of Metabolic Biochemistry La Pitie Salpetriere-Charles Foix(AP-HP)ParisFrance Department of Biochemistry Faculty of PharmacyParis Descartes UniversityParisFrance Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles ESPCIParisFrance (CNRS UMR 7084) Laboratoire d’electroniqueParisFrance Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 ParisFrance UMR 939“Dyslipoproteinemia Inflammation and Atherosclerosis”INSERMParisFrance AP-HP Groupe hospitalier Pitie-SalpetriereParisFrance

Oxidative stress is involved in chronic and acute pathologies: cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, neoplastic, inflammatory and infectious diseases. Clinical trials focused on prevention of cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases involving antioxidant supplementation have however provided predominantly negative obserations in large-scale studies. Screening of patient cohorts to assess baseline oxidative stress on the basis of a biomarker profile is decisive but lacking. For the first time, we evaluated the level of oxidative stress, testing more than 10 established biomarkers, in a comprehensive initial survey of 617 patients displaying chronic human pathologies. Multiple diseasespecific abnormalities were identified in plasma, whole blood and/or urine. This is the case for vitamins and oligo elements, vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, selenium, zinc and copper;endogenous antioxidants such as reduced and oxidised glutathione, thiols, urate, and glutathione peroxidase activity, and a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxy guanosine). The distinct biomarker profiles suggest the involvment of multiple forms of oxidative insults which arein some way partially specific to each pathological condition. This finding is in favor of the determination of an integrated score to combine contributions of distinct biomarkers, in order to screen patients presenting elevated levels of oxidative stress.

关键词： Vitamin C Vitamin E β-Carotene Glutathione Thiols urate 8-Hydroxy-2’-Deoxyguanosine

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of URAT1 (rs7932775) and ABCG2 (rs3825016) on Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hyperuricemia

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Chinese Medicine 2018年第3期9卷 118-125页

作者： Chunqing Li Qiong Tang Hongwei Jiang Jing Wu Junlin Zhang Fenglai Yuan Yuan Du Haochang Du Nephrology Department The Third People’s Hospital of Wuxi The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Wuxi China

Background: More and more chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are accompanied with hyperuricaemia. As is known, hyperuricaemia is an independent hazard of both cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic kidney diseases. We aim at identifying Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) difference of hURAT1 (rs7932775) and ABCG2 (rs3825016) on CKD patient with hyperuricemia and/or gout. Methods: All forty-two CKD patients were divided into two groups: hyperuricemia, and control group. 24 hours urine sample and serum were prepared for testing biochemistry parameters. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method is used to analyze hURAT1 and ABCG2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in different groups. Results: 17 patients have CT SNP of hURAT1 (rs7932775) and 13 patients have CT SNP of ABCG2 (rs3825016) in hyperuricemia group, while only 5 persons and 6 persons have the same mutations in control group respectively. 7 patients have CT SNP of both hURAT1 (rs7932775) and ABCG2 (rs3825016) in hyperuricemia group, while only 2 persons have the same mutations in control group. CT mutation rates of hURAT1 (rs7932775) and ABCG2 (rs3825016) in hyperuricemia group were 60.7% (17/28) and 50% (13/28) respectively, higher than that of control group (35.7% (5/14) and 42.8% (6/14)). What is more, Double SNP mutations in both hURAT1 (rs7932775) and ABCG2 (rs3825016) in hyperuricemia group were 25% (7/28), higher than that of control group (14.2%, 2/14). Conclusion: There are higher mutation rates of CT SNP in hURAT1 (rs7932775) and/or ABCG2 (rs3825016) in hyperuricemia group. We can conclude that hyperuricemia is a high risk factor in progress of CKD, which is necessary to take measures of decreasing serum uric acid to delay CKD progress.

关键词： Hyperuricemia Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) Human urate Transport Protein (Hurat1) ATP Binding Transporter G Super Family (ABCG2)

COMPUTERIZED APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1981年第11期26卷 1053-1054页

作者：张锁春 Institute of Applied Mathematics Academia Sinica

Approximate analytical solution is a branch interjacent between the qualitative theory and the numerical solution of differential equations. Traditional methods have been developed along the line of linearization and ... 详细信息

关键词： qualitative approximate branch linearization giving hadron quark urate 鲁一