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Trade Barriers and Participation in the Global Value Chain:An Empirical Study Based on Anti-dumping toward China

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China & World Economy 2019年第2期27卷 86-106页

作者： Xiaosong Wang Zhexi Liu Yue Lv Chunming Zhao School of Economics Renmin University of China School of International Trade and Economics University of International Business and EconomicsChina China Institute for WTO Studies University of International Business and EconomicsChina Business School Beijing Normal UniversityChina

This paper investigates the effects of trade barriers on China s participation in the global value chain(GVC)using a thorough decomposition approach for trade volume,total exports,final exports and intermediate exports.Our econometric results indicate that anti-dumping(AD)measures initiated by trade partners have restrained the process of China s participation in the GVC.From 2000 to 2014,AD measures reduced the foreign value-added rate of total,final and intermediate exports by 4.5 to 28.7 percent,3.4 to 17 percent and 1.2 to 8.5 percent,respectively.In addition,suffering the effects of AD measures,China s GVC position index declined by 8.2 percent to 28.6 percent during this period.Moreover,AD measures have increased industries'upstream index by 3.2 to 13.7 percent over the same period.These results imply that both the petition and approval of AD cases has had a negative influence on the extent and position of China s GVC participation.

关键词： anti-dumping foreign value-added rate global value chain technology upgrading

Orthogonal Test About Biogas upgrading by Pressured Water Scrubbing

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2010年第4期17卷 50-55页

作者： HUANG Li JIAO Youzhou LEI Tingzhou ZHANG Quanguo College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Agricultural Univeristy Zhengzhou 450002 China Henan Academy of Science Zhengzhou 450008 China

Biogas is a kind of regenerable energy which is inexpensive and friendly to the environment, but the potential ofbiogas is difficult to develop fully in China, for most biogas have badly qualities and the utilization of it is monotonous. The suitable operation term about biogas upgrading by pressurized water scrubbing was researched through the orthogonal test in this study. Two sorts of scrubber packing included the random multidimensional hollow sphere packing and the structured screen packing were also used, and the effects of experiment factors included packing, water temperature, gas flow speed, water flow speed and washing pressure were studied. The results showed that better effect was got when the screen structured packing was used; all the five test factors affected the processing significantly in the arrange as before and had better and better significant effects.

关键词： biogas upgrading pressured water scrubbing orthogonal test

Heavy Crude Oil upgrading: Jazmin Crude

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第4期3卷 46-55页

作者： Jesús Alirio Carrillo Laura Milena Corredor 不详

The Jazmin crude oil is located at the heart of Middle Magdalena in Colombia. It is heavy and sour crude oil with 43 wt.% of vacuum bottoms. It cannot be processed at the conventional refinery without being mixed with other lighter crudes, and should be upgraded to produce synthetic crude with higher concentration of distillates and lower acidity and carbon content. In this paper eight upgrading alternatives are presented. The alternatives include the processing of the crude, reduced crude and vacuum bottoms of the Jazmin crude oil using the following technologies: Distillation, solvent deasphalting, visbreaking, Delayed Coking, and Hydrotreating. The experiments were conducted at pilot scale, and there were used standard analysis techniques such as ASTM. In this study it was found that Jazmine crude oil and its heavy components produce high distillate yields when they were processed with thermal conversion processes. In addition those processes reduce the products acidity. Within the analyzed scheme the one corresponding to the visbreaking of the crude oil and the Delayed Coking of the vacuum bottoms from the visbreaking is perhaps the most attractive, giving 5.9 wt.% of gas, 78.2 wt.% of distillates and 15.9 wt.% of coke.

关键词： Jazmin Crude upgrading Visbreaking Deasphalting Coking Thermal Conversion Heavy Crude Acidity

Additives on hydrogen donor catalytic upgrading for viscosity reduction of heavy oil under the conditions of steam injection

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Additives on hydrogen donor catalytic upgrading for viscosit...

Review of the direct thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for liquid fuels

The International Conference on Recent Trends in Materials and Mechanical Engineering(ICRTMME 2011)

作者： Zhao Fa-jun Liu Yong-jian Zhang-bo Ha-si Li Shi-ping Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery of Education Ministry Northeast Petroleum University Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Daqing Oilfield of Petro China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd

Under the simulated thermal recovery condition, fundamental experiments were carried out in the high temperature high pressure reactor to study the aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil using formic acid as hydrogen donor and oil-soluble organic home-made nickel salt as catalyticUrea was selected optimally from the alternative chemical addictivess of ammonium carbonate, urea and ammonium hydrocarbonate and its dosage was 20wt%The affect of the adding addictives in water for viscosity, group composition and element content of heavy oil during the hydrogen donor catalytic pyrolysis reaction, was researchedIt was revealed that there mechanism in the heavy oil viscosity reduction reaction processThe addition of addictives had not only some degree of viscosity reduction function, but also synergistic interaction to the catalyzed reaction with hydrogen donorCompared to the oil sample from reaction without addictives, there was no obvious change on group compositions, the contents of atom C, H, S, N and O nearly kept unchangedthe introduction of addictives basically did not change structure of heavy oil.

关键词： Additives hydrogen donor heavy oil aquathermolysis catalytic upgrading

来源： cnki会议评论

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015年第1期2卷 13-27页

作者： Jianchun JIANG Junming XU Zhanqian SONG Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products CAF Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization Key Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering SFA

Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels, environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources requires the development of efficient conversion technologies for production of second-generation biofuels from non-food resources. Thermochemical approaches hold great potential for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels. Direct thermochemical processes convert biomass into liquid fuels in one step using heat and catalysts and have many advantages over indirect and biological processes, such as greater feedstock flexibility, integrated conversion of whole biomass, and lower operation costs. Several direct thermochemical processes are employed in the production of liquid biofuels depending on the nature of the feedstock properties: such as fast pyrolysis/liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass for bio-oil, including upgrading methods, such as catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Owing to the substantial amount of liquid fuels consumed by vehicular transport, converting biomass into drop-in liquid fuels may reduce the dependence of the fuel market on petroleumbased fuel products. In this review, we also summarize recent progress in technologies for large-scale equipment for direct thermochemical conversion. We focus on the technical aspects critical to commercialization of the technologies for production of liquid fuels from biomass,including feedstock type, cracking catalysts, catalytic cracking mechanisms, catalytic reactors, and biofuel properties. We also discuss future prospects for direct thermochemical conversion in biorefineries for the production of high grade biofuels.

关键词： lignocellulosic biomass thermochemical liquid fuels upgrading biofuels

Production of liquid bio-fuel from catalytic de-oxygenation:Pyrolysis of beech wood and flax shives

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燃料化学学报 2019年第2期47卷 153-166页

作者： Chetna Mohabeer Luis Reyes Lokmane Abdelouahed Stéphane Marcotte Jean-Christophe Buvat Lucette Tidahy Edmond Abi-Aad Bechara Taouk Normandie Univ INSA Rouen NormandieUNIROUENLaboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques Normandie Univ INSA Rouen NormandieUNIROUEN Université du Littoral Cte d'Opale Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant

This study presents a detailed analysis of the catalytic de-oxygenation of the liquid and gaseous pyrolytic products of two biomasses (beech wood and flax shives) using different catalysts (commercial HZSM-5 and H-Y,and lab-synthesised Fe-HZSM-5,Fe-H-Y,Pt/Al2O3 and CoMo/Al2O3). The experiments were all conducted in a semi-batch reactor under the same operating conditions for all feed materials. BET specific surface area,BJH pore size distribution and FT-IR technologies have been used to characterise the catalysts,while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),flame ionisation detection (GC-FID) and thermal conductivity detection (GC-TCD) were used to examine the liquid and gaseous pyrolytic products. It was firstly seen that at higher catalyst-to-biomass ratios of 4∶1,de-oxygenation efficiency did not experience any further significant improvement. FeHZSM-5 was deemed to be the most efficient of the catalysts utilised as it helped reach the lowest oxygen contents in the bio-oils samples and the second best was HZSM-5. It was also found that HZSM-5 and H-Y tended to privilege the decarbonylation route(production of CO),whilst their iron-modified counterparts favoured the decarboxylation one (production of CO2) for both biomasses studied. It was then seen that the major bio-oil components (carboxylic acids) underwent almost complete conversion under catalytic treatment to produce mostly unoxygenated aromatic compounds,phenols and gases like CO and CO2. Finally,phenols were seen to be the family most significantly formed from the actions of all catalysts.

关键词： pyrolysis biomass catalytic treatment de-oxygenation bio-oil upgrading

Open Park Transformation and upgrading Means of Comprehensive Park: A Case Study of Xuzhou Quanshan Forest Park

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Journal of Landscape Research 2016年第5期8卷 119-122页

作者： CHENG Yuwei Xuzhou Jiuzhou Landscape Engineering Co. Ltd.

The transformation and upgrading of comprehensive park can not be only limited to the adjustment for structure, function and landscape facility of comprehensive park itself, which shall be carried out as a whole. Viewing from the macroscopic perspective of city, comprehensive park is an important constituent part of urban green space system, and its transformation is an integral part of overall perfection and development of urban green space system. Park is an organic integrity comprising many elements. The transformation of comprehensive park shall be carried out as a whole and handled by using the methods of "from top to bottom" and "from bottom to top", thus adjusting the relationship between park and city and within park on the whole. This research takes the open park transformation and upgrading of Xuzhou Quanshan Forest Park as an example to introduce the key points of open park transformation from such aspects as of entrance space, overall space structure, service function expansion and spatial form optimization in expectation of having a certain reference value.

关键词： Comprehensive park Open park transformation upgrading

Research on the Choices of Technological Innovation Directions for Chinese Enterprises

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当代财经 2015年第S1期 92-98页

作者： AN Tongliang PEI Jiancai Nanjing University

Enterprises can choose either the technological innovation aimed at reducing the cost or the technological innovation aimed at improving the quality. It is found by this study that only when the degree of cost-reducing relative to that of quality-enhancing is large enough or moderate, will the pure strategy Nash equilibrium be found in choosing the technological innovation direction by enterprises, in that case one may choose the cost-reducing innovation while the other may adopt the quality-enhancing innovation. Secondly,only when the degree of cost-reducing relative to that of quality-enhancing falls into another moderate range, will the pure strategy Nash equilibrium be found in choosing the technological innovation direction by enterprises, in that case two of them choose the cost-reducing innovation at the same time. Thirdly,only when the degree of cost-reducing relative to that of quality-enhancing is small enough, will the pure strategy Nash equilibrium be found in choosing the technological innovation direction by enterprises, in that case two of them choose the quality-enhancing innovation at the same time. Finally, it puts forth some enlightening policy suggestions for upgrading"made in China"to"created in China"based on the model analysis.

关键词： technological innovation cost-reducing innovation quality-enhancing innovation choice of directions upgrading

Pilot-scale Study on NCMBR Process for upgrading of Sewage Treatment Plant in Industrial Park

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Asian Agricultural Research 2019年第5期11卷 50-52,57页

作者： Zhengcheng MENG Ping XIAN Fuping HUANG Zhining HUANG Yulan QIN Jinguo DAI College of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China Academy of Environmental Protection Sciences GuangxiZhuang Autonomous RegionNanning530022China Guangxi Environmental Protection Industry Association Nanning530022China Guangxi BiqingyuanEnvironmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Wuzhou546899China

A pilot-scale research was conducted on nanostructured ceramic membrane bio-reactor( NCMBR) for treatment of comprehensive wastewater from industrial park. The quality of the effluent water was stable and good. During stable operation,the COD,NH3-N and TP concentrations of the influent water were 147-475,42-23. 5 and 0. 65-0. 85 mg/L,respectively,and those of the effluent water were 147-475,0. 08-0. 82 and 0. 18-0. 26 mg/L,respectively,so the average removal rates of COD,NH3-N and TP were 82%,97% and 72%,respectively,meeting the standard for Class-A emissions of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant( GB18918-2002). In addition,the process has certain anti-impact capacity and ability to mitigate membrane fouling,meeting the objectives of upgrading and transformation. This study will provide reference for upgrading of existing sewage treatment plants.

关键词： Nanostructured Ceramic membrane MBR Industrial park wastewater Sewage treatment upgrading