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Leveraging UAV-assisted communications to improve secrecy for urllc in 6G systems

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第6期9卷 1458-1464页

作者： Hemant Kumar Narsani Ali Ranjha Kapal Dev Fida Hussain Memon Nawab Muhammad Faseeh Qureshi Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of SindhPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure Montreal QCCanada Department of Institute of Intelligent Systems University of JohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityPakistan Department of Computer Education Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)will be essential to support mission-critical applications of Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication(urllc)in futuristic Sixth-Generation(6G)***,several security vulnerabilities and attacks have plagued previous generations of communication systems;thus,physical layer security,especially against eavesdroppers,is vital,especially for upcoming 6G *** this regard,UAVs have appeared as a winning candidate to mitigate security *** this paper,we leverage UAVs to propose two *** first method utilizes a UAV as Decode-and-Forward(DF)relay,whereas the second method utilizes a UAV as a jammer to mitigate eavesdropping attacks for urllc between transmitter and receiver ***,we present a low-complexity algorithm that outlines the two aforementioned methods of mitigating interception,*** secrecy rate,and we compare them with the benchmark null method in which there is a direct communication link between transmitter and receiver without the UAV DF ***,simulation results show the effectiveness of such methods by improving the secrecy rate and its dependency on UAV height,blocklength,decoding error probability and transmitter-receiver separation ***,we recommend the best method to enhance the secrecy rate in the presence of an eavesdropper based on our simulations.

关键词： urllc UAV-Assisted communications 6G systems Secrecy rate

HARQ Optimization for PDCP Duplication-Based 5G urllc Dual Connectivity

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 727-738页

作者： Changsung Lee Junsung Kim Jaewook Jung Jungsuk Baik Jong-Moon Chung Samsung Research Seoul06765Korea Samsung Electronics Suwon16677Korea School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea

Packet duplication(PD)with dual connectivity(DC)was newly introduced in the 5G New Radio(NR)specifications to meet the stringent ultra reliable low latency communication(urllc)*** technology uses duplicated packets in the packet data convergence protocol(PDCP)layer that are transmitted via two different access nodes(ANs)to the user equipment(UE)in order to enhance the reliability ***,PD can result in unnecessary retransmissions in the lower layers since the hybrid automatic retransmission request(HARQ)operation is unaware of the transmission success achieved through the alternate DC link to the *** overcome this issue,in this paper,a novel duplication-aware retransmission optimization(DRO)scheme is proposed to reduce the resource usage induced by unnecessary HARQ *** proposed DRO scheme can minimize the average channel use while satisfying the urllc *** proposed DRO scheme derives the optimal HARQ retransmission attempts for different ANs by solving a nonlinear integer programming(NLIP)*** performance of the proposed DRO scheme was evaluated using MATLAB simulation and is compared to the existing 5G HARQ support *** simulations results show that the proposed DRO scheme can provide a 14.71%and 15.11%reduced average channel use gain compared to the selective data duplication upon failure(SDUF)scheme and latency-aware dynamic multi-connectivity algorithm(LADMA)scheme,respectively,which are the existing 5G PD schemes that use HARQ.

关键词： 5G networks urllc dual connectivity retransmission packet duplication

Frequency-Agile WLAN Notch UWB Antenna for urllc Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2243-2254页

作者： Amir Haider MuhibUr Rahman Hamza Ahmad Mahdi NaghshvarianJahromi Muhammad Tabish Niaz Hyung Seok Kim Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster UniversityHamilton ONL8S 4L8Canada

This paper introduces a compact dual notched UWB antenna with an independently controllable WLAN notched band integrated with fixed WiMAX *** proposed antenna utilizes a slot resonator placed in the main radiator of the antenna for fixed WiMAX band notch,while an inverted L-shaped resonator in the partial ground plane for achieving frequency agility within WLAN notched *** inverted L-shaped resonator is also loaded with fixed and variable capacitors to control and adjust the WLAN *** WLAN notched band can be controlled independently with a wide range of tunability without disturbing the WiMAX bandnotch *** by step design approach of the proposed antenna is discussed and the corresponding mathematical analysis of the proposed resonators are provided in both *** of the proposed antenna is performed utilizing commercially available 3D-EM simulator,Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator(HFSS).The proposed antenna has high selectivity with experimental validation in terms of reflection coefficient,radiation characteristics,antenna gain,and percentage radiation *** corresponding measured frequency response of the input port corresponds quite well with the calculations and simulations in both *** proposed antenna is advantageous and can adjust according to the device requirements and be one of the attractive candidates for overlay cognitive radio UWB applications and urllc service in 5G tactile *** proposed multifunctional antenna can also be used for wireless vital signs monitoring,sensing applications,and microwave imaging techniques.

关键词： WiMAX UWB lower and upper WLAN single/dual notch behavior independent controlling notched behavior tunable band-notch behavior overlay cognitive radio applications frequency-agile WLAN notched antennas 5G urllc tactile internet

Reliability-Optimal Pilot-Assisted Transmission for urllc over Non-Reciprocal MISO Channels: TDD or FDD?

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China Communications 2022年第4期19卷 14-27页

作者： Yuncong Xie Pinyi Ren School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Shaanxi Smart Networks and Ubiquitous Access Research Center Xi’an 710049China

In this paper, we focus on the pilot-assisted transmission design for downlink urllc over nonreciprocal channels, in which the multi-antenna controller sends mission-critical data signals to a singleantenna actuator. In this system, the prior knowledge of downlink channel state information(CSI) is a prerequisite for reliable data transmission. Generally, the acquisition of downlink CSI is completed either via the uplink pilot measurement exploiting channel reciprocity and time-division duplex(TDD) operation, or via the downlink pilot measurement with quantized feedback and frequency division duplex(FDD) operation. Inspired by this, we aim to investigate how the degree of channel non-reciprocity impacts the transmission reliability of our urllc system, and the superiority between the TDD mode and FDD mode in terms of transmission reliability maximization. To describe the degree of reliability loss, we derive the closed-form approximations on the transmission error probability of urllc in TDD and FDD modes, via leveraging the Gauss-Hermite and Gauss-Chebyshev quadrature rules. Following by the theoretical approximations, we demonstrate how to determine the optimal training pilot length and quantized feedback duration that maximize the transmission reliability under given latency constraint. Through numerical results,we validate the accuracy of theoretical approximations derived in this paper, and obtain some meaningful conclusions.

关键词： urllc channel non-reciprocity channel training quantized feedback Gaussian quadrature

Multi-Gigabit CO-OFDM System over SMF and MMF Links for 5G urllc Backhaul Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1747-1758页

作者： Amir Haider MuhibUr Rahman Tayyaba Khan Muhammad Tabish Niaz Hyung Seok Kim Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealCanada Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan

The 5G cellular network aims at providing three major services:Massive machine-type communication(mMTC),ultra-reliable low-latency communications(urllc),and enhanced-mobile-broadband(eMBB).Among these services,the urllc and eMBB require strict end-to-end latency of 1 ms while maintaining 99.999%reliability,and availability of extremely high data rates for the users,*** of the critical challenges in meeting these requirements is to upgrade the existing optical fiber backhaul network interconnecting the base stations with a multigigabit capacity,low latency and very high reliability *** address this issue,we have numerically analyzed 100 Gbit/s coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(CO-OFDM)transmission performance over 400 km single-mode fiber(SMF)and 100 km of multi-mode fiber(MMF)*** system is simulated over optically repeated and non-repeated SMF and MMF *** transmission is used,and the system is analyzed in a linear and non-linear *** system performance is quantified by bit error ratio(BER).Spectrally efficient and optimal transmission performance is achieved for 400 km SMF and 100 km MMF *** results designate thatMMF links can be employed beyond short reach applications by using them in the existing SMF infrastructure for long haul *** particular,the proposed CO-OFDM system can be efficiently employed in 5G backhaul *** multi-gigabit capacity and lower BER of the proposed system makes it a suitable candidate especially for the eMBB and urllc requirements for 5G backhaul network.

关键词： CO-OFDM coherent transmission spectrally efficient optical communication optical networks dispersion eMBB urllc 5G backhaul

Effective Capacity of urllc over Parallel Fading Channels with Imperfect Channel State Information

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 45-63页

作者： Peng Hongsen Tao Meixia Department of Electronic Engineering and the Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This paper investigates the effective capacity of a point-to-point ultra-reliable low latency communication(urllc)transmission over multiple parallel sub-channels at finite blocklength(FBL)with imperfect channel state information(CSI).Based on reasonable assumptions and approximations,we derive the effective capacity as a function of the pilot length,decoding error probability,transmit power and the sub-channel *** we reveal significant impact of the above parameters on the effective capacity.A closed-form lower bound of the effective capacity is derived and an alternating optimization based algorithm is proposed to find the optimal pilot length and decoding error *** results validate our theoretical analysis and show that the closedform lower bound is very *** addition,through the simulations of the optimized effective capacity,insights for pilot length and decoding error probability optimization are provided to evaluate the optimal parameters in realistic systems.

关键词： effective capacity finite blocklength regime imperfect CSI parallel fading channels urllc

Resource Allocation for urllc with Parameter Generation Network

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2023年第4期8卷 319-328页

作者： Jiajun Wu Chengjian Sun Chenyang Yang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBejing 100191China

Deep learning enables real-time resource allocation for ultra-reliable and low-latency communications(urllc),one of the major use cases in the next-generation cellular *** the high training complexity and weak generalization ability of neural networks impede the practical use of the learning-based methods in dynamic wireless *** overcome these obstacles,we propose a parameter generation network(PGN)to efficiently learn bandwidth and power allocation policies in *** PGN consists of two types of fully-connected neural networks(FNNs).One is a policy network,which is used to learn a resource allocation policy or a Lagrangian multiplier *** other type of FNNs are hypernetworks,which are designed to learn the weight matrices and bias vectors of the policy *** the hypernetworks require *** the well-trained hypernetworks,the policy network is generated through forward propagation in the test *** introducing a simple data processing,the hypernetworks can well learn the weight matrices and bias vectors by inputting their indices,resulting in low training *** results demonstrate that the learned bandwidth and power allocation policies by the PGNs perform very close to a numerical ***,the PGNs can be well generalized to the number of users and wireless channels,and are with significantly lower memory costs,fewer training samples,and shorter training time than the traditional learning-based methods.

关键词： urllc resource allocation hypernetworks deep learning

Intelligent Preamble Allocation for Coexistence of mMTC/urllc Devices:A Hierarchical Q-Learning Based Approach

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China Communications 2023年第8期20卷 44-53页

作者： Jiadai Wang Chaochao Xing Jiajia Liu National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology the School of CybersecurityNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi710072China

The emergence of various commercial and industrial Internet of Things(IoT)devices has brought great convenience to people’s life and *** low-power,massively connected mMTC devices(MDs)and highly reliable,low-latency urllc devices(UDs)play an important role in different application ***,when dense MDs and UDs periodically initiate random access(RA)to connect the base station and send data,due to the limited preamble resources,preamble collisions are likely to occur,resulting in device access failure and data transmission *** the same time,due to the highreliability demands of UDs,which require smooth access and fast data transmission,it is necessary to reduce the failure rate of their RA *** this end,we propose an intelligent preamble allocation scheme,which uses hierarchical reinforcement learning to partition the UD exclusive preamble resource pool at the base station side and perform preamble selection within each RA slot at the device *** particular,considering the limited processing capacity and energy of IoT devices,we adopt the lightweight Qlearning algorithm on the device side and design simple states and actions for *** results show that the proposed intelligent scheme can significantly reduce the transmission failure rate of UDs and improve the overall access success rate of devices.

关键词： preamble allocation random access mMTC urllc reinforcement learning

Optimizing Power Allocation for D2D Communication with urllc under Rician Fading Channel:A Learning-to-Optimize Approach

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第9期37卷 3193-3212页

作者： Owais Muhammad Hong Jiang Mushtaq Muhammad Umer Bilal Muhammad Naeem Muhammad Ahtsam School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China School of Software Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110167China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and TechnologyChengdu610000China

To meet the high-performance requirements of fifth-generation(5G)and sixth-generation(6G)wireless networks,in particular,ultra-reliable and low-latency communication(urllc)is considered to be one of the most important communication scenarios in a wireless *** this paper,we consider the effects of the Rician fading channel on the performance of cooperative device-to-device(D2D)communication with *** better performance,we maximize and examine the system’s minimal rate of D2D *** to the interference in D2D communication,the problem of maximizing the minimum rate becomes non-convex and difficult to *** solve this problem,a learning-to-optimize-based algorithm is proposed to find the optimal power *** conventional branch and bound(BB)algorithm are used to learn the optimal pruning policy with supervised *** learning is used to train the multiple *** address the imbalanced problem,we used the supervised undersampling *** are made with the conventional BB algorithm and the heuristic *** outcome of the simulation demonstrates a notable performance improvement in power *** proposed algorithm has significantly low computational complexity and runs faster as compared to the conventional BB algorithm and a heuristic algorithm.

关键词： D2D urllc rician fading supervised learning