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Effects of asthma on stability of Wisconsin card sorting test measures A twin study

Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第7期3卷 802-804页

作者： Yixiao Fu Huaqing Meng Hengshu Zhang Lu Jia Qinghua Luo Mental Health Center First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China Plastic Surgery Center First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China

BACKGROUND： The four measures used to assess the stability of the Wisconsin card sorting test （WCST）, that is, the number of preservative errors, percentage of preservative errors, number of categories completed, and the number of trials to complete the first category, reflect the function of the frontal lobe. OBJECTIVE： This study was designed to investigate the effects of asthma on the stability of WCST measurements through the use of a twin study, and to analyze whether egg-type difference exists. DESIGN： A cohort study. SETTING： Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. PARTICIPANTS： Fifty-nine pairs of twins, aged 6-16 years, were primarily selected from schools between August 2005 and February 2007 and the WCST and Zygosity identification test was applied. twins with achromatopsia, severe upper limb diseases, somatic diseases, or mental disorders were excluded. According to disease history of asthmatic attack, children were assigned into asthma （n = 16） and non-asthma （n = 43） groups. METHODS： Four WCST measurements were determined in the 59 pairs of twins, and egg-type differences were identified in conjunction. RESULTS： All 59 pairs of twins were included in the final analysis. Among the pairs of twins, 28 （48.5 %） were monozygotic twins, and 31 （52%） were dizygotic twins. Among the monozygotic and dizygotic twins, the number of preservative errors and percentage of preservative errors were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the non-asthma group （P 〈 0.05）. However, there was no significant difference of each corresponding measure between the monozygotic and dizygotic twins （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Asthma may affect the stability of WCST measures, but egg-type differences do not exist.

关键词： twin study Wisconsin card sorting test asthma

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Genetic effects on serum testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin in men： a Korean twin and family study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 786-790页

作者： Joohon Sung Yun-Mi Song Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Seoul National University Seou1151-742 South Korea Institute of Health Environment Seoul National UniversitySeou1151-742 South Korea Department of Family Medicine Samsung Medical Center and Center for Clinical Research Samsung Biomedical Research InstituteSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seou1135-710 South Korea

We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. study participants comprised 730 Korean men consisting of 142 pairs of monozygotic twins, 191 pairs of siblings, and 259 father-offspring pairs from 270 families who participated in the Healthy twin study. Serum concentration of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were calculated using Vermeulen＇s method. Quantitative genetic analysis based on a variance decomposition model showed that the heritability of total testosterone, free testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were 0.56, 0.45, 0.44, and 0.69, respectively after accounting for age and body mass index. Proportions of variance explained by age and body mass index varied across different traits, from 8% for total testosterone to 31% for sex hormone-binding globulin. Bivariate analysis showed a high degree of additive genetic correlation （p~ = 0.67） and a moderate degree of individual-specific environmental correlation （PE = 0.42） between total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. The findings confirmed the important role of genetics in determining the individually different levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin during adulthood in Korean men as found in non-Asian populations, which may suggest that common biologic control for determining testosterone level directly or indirectly through binding protein are largely shared among different populations.

关键词： genetics Korean sex hormone-binding globulin testosterone twin study

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An update of the Guangzhou twin Eye study

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 258-262页

作者： Xiaohu Ding Yanxian Chen Mingguang He State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Shenzhen Eye HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518040China Centre for Eye Research Australia MelbourneAustralia Ophthalmology Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

The Guangzhou twin Eye study(GTES)is a population-based study of young twins residing in Guangzhou *** major aim of GTES is to explore the impact of genes,environmental factors and gene-environment interactions on common eye *** 2006,for more than 1,300 twin pairs,age 7-26 years old,progressive ocular phenotypes,such as refraction,ocular biometrics,weight,and height were collected annually,while non-progressive phenotypes such as parental refraction,corneal thickness,retinal fundus,intraocular pressure and DNA only collected at *** the current study,we summarize the major findings on the etiology of myopia in recent decades.

关键词： twin study gene environment myopia prediction

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Gut Microbiota Diversity and Overweight/Obesity in Infancy:Results from a Nested Case-control study

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Current Medical Science 2022年第1期42卷 210-216页

作者： Hong MEI Neng LI Yan ZHANG Dan ZHANG An-na PENG Ya-fei TAN Hui MEI Han XIAO Jiang-xia CAO Jie-qiong ZHOU Yuan-yuan ZHONG Rui-zhen LI Shao-ping YANG Wuhan Children's Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430016China The Central Hospital of Wuhan Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430000China

Objective:Childhood obesity is a major health concern *** studies have explored the relationship between obesity and gut ***,the results from such studies remain ***:In the present nested case-control study,based on a twin birth cohort study,the relationship between gut microbiota diversity and overweight/obesity in 1-and 6-month-old infants was explored.

关键词： gut microbiota obesity infants twin study

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自尊的遗传性：来自双生子研究的证据

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心理学 2014年第1期

作者：罗宇施媛媛岳曦彤丰怡蔡华俭

自尊是个体差异的一个重要方面，迄今已有许多研究从行为遗传学角度探讨自尊个体差异的来源。通过梳理现有关于自尊的双生子研究，发现：1)自尊有中等的遗传度，其个体差异来自遗传和非共享环境；2)遗传对自尊的稳定性有较大作用；3)自... 详细信息

自尊是个体差异的一个重要方面，迄今已有许多研究从行为遗传学角度探讨自尊个体差异的来源。通过梳理现有关于自尊的双生子研究，发现：1)自尊有中等的遗传度，其个体差异来自遗传和非共享环境；2)遗传对自尊的稳定性有较大作用；3)自尊与认知、情感的联系主要源自共同的遗传基础。总之，遗传对自尊具有重要影响。未来双生子研究可拓展到自尊波动性、内隐自尊等领域，并考虑极端人群的遗传特异性和文化对自尊遗传性的影响。

关键词：自尊行为遗传学双生子研究总体自尊特定自尊self-esteem behavioral genetics twin study global self-esteem domain-specific self-esteem

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