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Observational study of the physical and chemical characteristics of the winter radiation fog in the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第11期64卷 1982-1995页

作者： Yuan WANG Shengjie NIU Chunsong LU Jingjing LV Jing ZHANG Hongwei ZHANG Sirui ZHANG Naifu SHAO Wei SUN Yuchen JIN Qinghai SONG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters and Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology(TFE) Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Menglun 666303China Henan Meteorological Observation and Data Center Zhengzhou 450003China

We conducted a three-month field experiment focusing on the physical and chemical characteristics of fog in a tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna,Southwest China,in the winter of *** general,the fog would form at midnight and persist because of the increased long-wave radiative cooling combined with the high relative humidity,gentle breeze,and a relatively low aerosol number concentration in the forest;the fog would dissipate before noon due to the increasing turbulence near the *** diurnal cycle is typical for radiation *** microphysical fog properties included a relatively low number concentration of the fog droplet,large droplet size,high liquid water content,narrow droplet number-size distribution,and high *** chemical properties showed that the fog water was slightly alkaline with low electrical conductivity,whereas the highest proportions of anions and cations therein were Cl^(−)and Ca^(2+),respectively;the chemical components were enriched in small fog *** addition,we indirectly calculated the fog supersaturation according to theκ-Köhler *** found that condensation broadens the droplet number-size distribution at relatively low supersaturation,which is positively correlated with the fog-droplet number concentration and negatively correlated with the droplet mean-volume diameter;this affects the key microphysical processes of fog.

关键词： Radiation fog Formation and disappearance mechanisms Physical and chemical characteristics Supersaturation tropical rainforest

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Climate and land-use interactively shape butterfly diversity in tropical rainforest and savanna ecosystems of southwestern China

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Insect Science 2021年第4期28卷 1109-1120页

作者： Bai-Ge Miao Yan-Qiong Peng Da-Rong Yang Yasuhiro Kubota Evan P.Economo Cong Liu CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnanChina Plant Ecology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnanChina Faculty of Science University of the RyukyusNishiharaOkinawaJapan Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityOnna-sonOkinawaJapan Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Museum of Comparative ZoologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUnited States

Human-induced habitat conversion and degradation,along with accelerating climatic change,have resulted in considerable global biodiversity ***,how local ecological assemblages respond to the interplay between climate and land-use change remains poorly ***,we examined the effects of climate and land-use interactions on butterfly diversity in different ecosystems of southwestern ***,we investigated variation in the alpha and beta diversities of butterflies in different landscapes along human-modified and climate *** found that increasing land-use intensity not only caused a dramatic decrease in butterfly alpha diversity but also significantly simplified butterfly species composition in tropical rainforest and savanna *** findings suggest that habitat modification by agricultural activities increases the importance of deterministic processes and leads to biotic *** land-use intensity model best explained species richness variation in the tropical rainforest,whereas the climate and land-use intensity interaction model best explained species richness variation in the *** results indicate that climate modulates the effects of land-use intensity on butterfly alpha diversity in the savanna *** also found that the response of species composition to climate varied between sites:specifically,species composition was strongly correlated with climatic distance in the tropical rainforest but not in the *** together,our long-term butterfly monitoring data reveal that interactions between human-modified habitat change and climate change have shaped butterfly diversity in tropical rainforest and *** findings also have important implications for biodiversity conservation under the current era of rapid human-induced habitat loss and climate change.

关键词： butterfly diversity climate change conservation habitat conversion savanna tropical rainforest

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Activity-density and spatial distribution of termites on a fine-scale in a tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna,southwest China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第1期5卷 169-180页

作者： Myo Thant Xiaobing Lin Anjana JAtapattu Min Cao Shang-wen Xia Shengjie Liu Xiaodong Yang CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbanna 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Forest Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental ConservationNay Pyi TawMyanmar Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil Nanchang 331717China Agronomy Division Coconut Research InstituteLunuwila 61150Sri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences and School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The community composition and activity-density of termites can influence nutrient cycling and other ecological ***,the spatial distribution and the activity-density of termites on a fine-scale in tropical forests are still *** checked the spatial distribution patterns of the feeding groups and species of termites and their co-occurrence pattern in a 1-ha(100 m×100 m)plot,and their correlatiion with the environmental *** used a standard protocol to collect termite assemblages and classified them into five feeding groups based on their preferrred diet:fungus growers,litter feeders,soil feeders,soil-wood feeders,and wood *** measured the environmental factors:soil pH,litter mass,aboveground plant biomass,and topographic position index(TPI).Soil-wood feeders showed the highest activity-density,followed by wood feeders,fungus growers,soil feeders,and litter ***-wood feeders and fungus growers demonstated a strong correlation while litter feeders showed weak correlations with other feeding *** feeding groups and most of the termite species displayed a positive association with the high TPI and the low soil pH *** results indicated that the examined environmental factors influenced the termite community assemblages and distribution patterns on a fine-scale in tropical rainforests.

关键词： Competition Co-occurrence Feeding groups Fine-scale Spatial distribution tropical rainforest

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THE tropical rainforest VEGETATION IN XISHUANGBANNA

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Chinese Geographical Science 1992年第1期2卷 65-74页

作者： Zhu Hua Xishuangbanna tropical Botanical Garden of Kunming Institute of Botany Academia SinicaMenglaYunnan 666303PRC

The tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province of China,is introduced in detail in this *** at the northern margin of tropical mainland SE Asia and controlled by monsoon climate,the region has been climatically at the lower limits for tropical rainforests,however true tropical rainforests exist and develop luxuriantly in the *** reasons for this are *** general phytocoenological characteristics such as vertical stratification,life form spectrum,species riches *** tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna is very similar to the typical tropical rainforest in equatorial region,but it is characterized by a clear change of physiognomy between different *** occurred at the latitudinal and altitudinal limits of tropical rainforest,the flora of the rainforest is endowed with the nature of northern margin of tropical zone of SE Asia and is transitional toward the flora of subtropical forest of *** recent years the region has been opened up to use in a large scale and the primary forests,eseialy rainforests,have been severely destroyed,The *** and rsercho lo the ropiranr rnforest are very ugent and have io be doneat once.

关键词： tropical rainforest Xishuangbanna

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Buttress trees in a 20-hectare tropical dipterocarp rainforest in Xishuangbanna, SW China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第2期6卷 187-192页

作者： Zhiyuan He Yong Tang Xiaobao Deng Min Cao Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Gardenthe Chinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Aims buttresses are prevalent and are important to many ecological processes in tropical rainforests but are overlooked in many rainforest *** on a buttress survey in a 20-hectare plot,this study aims to answer the following questions:(i)is buttress forming a fixed species characteristic?(ii)is there any phylogenetic signal for buttress forming across a broad taxonomic scale?(iii)is buttress form-ing an inherent feature or simply induced by environmental factors,and how is this relevant to the size of the tree?Methods We surveyed buttresses for all 95940 trees with diameter at breast height(DbH)≥10 mm in a 20-ha tropical dipterocarp rainforest in Xishuangbanna,sW *** occurrence of buttresses was compared across different taxa and across different tree-size classes.a phylogenetic analysis was conducted among buttressed and non-buttressed species in order to understand the evolutionary background of buttress *** Findings This preliminary study showed that buttress trees are very abundant(making up 32%of trees with≥100 mm DbH)in this 20-ha tropical rainforest situated at the northern edge of the ***-one percent of the 468 tree species in the plot had stems that produced *** trees were more likely to develop buttresses than smaller *** found that although buttress formation is not a fixed species characteristic,there is a strong phylogenetic signal for buttress formation in larger species.

关键词： buttress phylogenetic signal tropical rainforest species size Xishuangbanna

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Lipid concentration and composition in xylem sap of woody angiosperms from a tropical savanna and a seasonal rainforest

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 126-133页

作者： Ling-Bo Huang Xinyi Guan Amy Ny Aina Aritsara Jun-Jie Zhu Steven Jansen Kun-Fang Cao State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ConservationGuangxi UniversityDaxuedong Road 100NanningGuangxi 530004China Institute of Botany Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11Ulm89081Germany

Lipids may play an important role in preventing gas embolisms by coating nanobubbles in xylem *** studies on xylem sap lipids have been reported for temperate plants,and it remain unclear whether sap lipids have adaptational significance in tropical *** this study,we quantify the lipid composition of xylem sap for angiosperm species from a tropical savanna(seven species)and a seasonal rainforest(five species)using mass *** found that all twelve species studied contained lipids in their xylem sap,including galactolipids,phospholipids and triacylglycerol,with a total lipid concentration ranging from 0.09 to 0.26 nmol/*** was no difference in lipid concentration or composition between plants from the two sites,and the lipid concentration was negatively related to species’open vessel ***,savanna species showed little variation in lipid composition between the dry and the rainy *** results support the hypothesis that xylem sap lipids are derived from the cytoplasm of individual conduit cells,remain trapped inside individual conduits,and undergo few changes in composition over consecutive seasons.A xylem sap lipidomic data set,which includes 12 tropical tree species from this study and 11 temperate tree species from literature,revealed no phylogenetic signals in lipid composition for these *** study fills a knowledge gap in the lipid content of xylem sap in tropical trees and provides additional support for their common distribution in xylem sap of woody *** appears that xylem sap lipids have no adaptive significance.

关键词： Xylem sap Lipids tropical savanna tropical rainforest Vessels

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A test of the mycorrhizal-associated nutrient economy framework in two types of tropical rainforests under nutrient enrichments

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 12-20页

作者： Qingshui Yu Suhui Ma Xiaofeng Ni Lai Jiang Zhang Zhou Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Zhiyao Tang Xiaoli Cheng Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Research Institute of tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhou 510520China Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming650091China

Shifts in tree species and their mycorrhizal associations driven by global change play key roles in biogeochemical cycles. In this paper, we proposed a framework of the mycorrhizal-associated nutrient economy(MANE), and tested it using nutrient addition experiments conducted in two tropical rainforests. We selected two tropical rainforests dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) and ectomycorrhizal(ECM) trees, and established eighteen20 m×20 m plots in each rainforest. Six nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) addition treatments were randomly distributed in each rainforest with three replicates. We examined the differences in soil carbon(C) and nutrient cycling, plant and litter productivity between the two rainforests and their responses to 10-year inorganic N and P additions. We also quantified the P pools of plants, roots, litter, soil and microbes in the two rainforests. Overall,distinct MANE frameworks were applicable for tropical rainforests, in which soil C, N and P were cycled primarily in an inorganic form in the AM-dominated rainforest, whereas they were cycled in an organic form in the ECMdominated rainforest. Notably, the effects of mycorrhizal types on soil P cycling were stronger than those on C and N cycling. The intensified N and P deposition benefited the growth of AM-dominated rainforests instead of ECMdominated rainforests. Our findings underpin the key role of mycorrhizal types in regulating biogeochemical processes, and have important implications for predicting the ecological consequences of global changes.

关键词： Nutrient cycling Nutrient addition Mycorrhizal association Arbuscular mycorrhiza Ectomycorrhiza tropical rainforest

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Pollination Biology of Ficus hispida in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna, China

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第5期44卷 519-526页

作者：杨大荣彭艳琼宋启示张光明王瑞武赵庭周王秋艳中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园昆明分部昆明650223

Ficus hispida L. (Moraceae) is a remarkable species in the ecosystem of tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna, China. The figs and fig_pollination wasps (Chalcidoidae: Agaonidae) are highly co_evolved mutualists that depend completely on each other for propagating descendants. Pollination of all fig species is done by fig wasps; their unique symbiotic associates, the fig wasps, cannot develop in anywhere except in the fig syconia. The present paper reports on the biology and flowering phenology of F. hispida , as well as the propagation character and pollination behavior of the fig wasps (Ceratosolen solmsi marchali Mayr) based on our observations in the rainforests of Xishuangbanna, southern Yunnan of China. F. hispida is a dioecious tree that annually blossoms and bears fruits 6-8 times, with four to five fruit_bearing peaks. The male trees produce pollen and provide fig wasps with reproductive havens, while the female trees produce fig seeds after pollination by the female wasps. Pollen of F. hispida cannot escape from the dehiscent anthers until they are disturbed by fig wasps. The female wasps open the anthers and collect pollen with their antennal scrapes, mandibles and legs, and then carry pollen to the female receptive syconia where fertilization takes place. Meanwhile, some of the female wasps lay eggs in the male receptive syconia. It takes about 3-67 min to search for the receptive syconia for pollination, and 15-23 h to enter the female receptive syconia. The number of female wasps entering a syconium has close relation with the impregnation and seed_bearing rate of female flowers, as well as the oviposition and reproduction rate of the fig wasps themselves. F. hispida is endowed with a relatively high level of seed bearing (54.1%-82.5%, average 73.8 %). The wasp oviposition rate on the male flowers is between 72.3% and 93.8% with a mean of 84.4%.

关键词： Ficus hispida Ceratosolen solmsi marchali pollination biology tropical rainforest Xishuangbanna

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Synergetic effects of photo-oxidation and biodegradation on failure behavior of polyester coating in tropical rain forest atmosphere

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第5期64卷 195-202页

作者： Lin Lu Qianqian Liu Corrosion and Protection Center University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application Anshan114000China

This work aimed to study the comprehensive effects of photo-oxidation and biodegradation on different failure stages of polyester coatings,which were exposed to the tropical rainforest *** surface morphology,aging products,local aging characteristics and electrochemical behavior of the coatings were characterized with scanning electron microscope(SEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and high-resolution dispersive Raman *** results showed that the surface of coatings became rougher and fungal hyphae distributed more densely on surface with the increasing of exposure *** the aspect of polymer structure,the ultraviolet radiation destroyed the main chain of polyester through the photo-oxidation process,resulting in the breakage of aliphatic ester bonds and the formation of ***,the metabolites of fungi can promote the hydrolysis of oligomers produced by the *** a short,the photo-oxidation could facilitate the biodegradation of the *** the synergistic effect of UV photo-oxidation and fungal biodegradation,a rapid diffusion tunnel between the coating surface and the metal substrate was established at the pore defects of the coating,which finally accelerated the corrosion failure process of the *** main corrosion products includeα-Fe_(2)O_(3),ZnO and Zn_(5)(OH)_(6)(CO_(3))_(2).

关键词： Polyester coating Fungus Biodegradation Photo-oxidation Microbiologically influenced corrosion tropical rainforest

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Responses of soil CH_(4) fluxes to nitrogen addition in two tropical montane rainforests in southern China

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 335-343页

作者： Fangtao Wu Changhui Peng Chuanyao Wang Huai Chen Weiguo Liu Zhihao Liu Hui Wang Hong Li Dexiang Chen Yide Li Shirong Liu Center for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change College of ForestryNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling712100China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau College of ForestryNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling712100China Department of Biology Sciences Institute of Environment SciencesUniversity of Quebec at MontrealC.P.8888Succ.Centre-VilleMontrealQCH3C 3P8Canada Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China School of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Jianfengling National Key Field Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem Research Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhou510520China Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China

Background:Atmospheric nitrogen(N)deposition is projected to increase in the next few decades,which may have a marked impact on soil-atmosphere CH_(4) ***,the impacts of increased atmospheric N depositions on soil CH_(4) flux in tropical rainforests are still poorly *** January 2015 to December 2018,a field experiment was conducted in a primary tropical montane rainforest(PTMR)and a secondary tropical montane rainforest(STMR)in southern China to quantify the impact of N additions at four levels(N0:0 kg N⋅ha^(-1)⋅year^(-1);N25:25 kg N⋅ha^(-1)⋅year^(-1);N50:50 kg N⋅ha^(-1)⋅year^(-1);N100:100 kg N⋅ha^(-1)⋅year^(-1)on soil CH_(4) ***:Four years of measurements showed clear seasonal variations in CH_(4) flux in all treatment plots for both forest types(PTMR and STMR),with lower rates of soil CH_(4) uptake during the wet season and higher rates of soil CH_(4) uptake during the dry *** CH_(4) uptake rates were significantly and negatively correlated with both soil temperature and soil moisture for both forest *** CH_(4) uptake for the N0 plots from the PTMR and STMR soils were2.20 and1.98 kg N⋅ha^(-1)⋅year^(-1),*** the PTMR site,mean CH_(4) uptake compared with the N0 treatment was reduced by 19%,29%,and 36%for the N25,N50,and N100 treatments,*** the STMR site,mean CH_(4) uptake compared with the N0 treatment was reduced by 15%,18%,and 38%for the N25,N50,and N100 treatments,*** level N addition had a stronger inhibitory impact on soil CH_(4) uptake than did the low level N ***:Our data suggest that soil CH_(4) uptake in tropical rainforests is sensitive to N *** atmospheric N deposition continues to increase in the future,the soil CH_(4) sink strength of tropical rainforests may weaken further.

关键词： Atmospheric nitrogen deposition Greenhouse gases Soil CH_(4)flux tropical rainforest

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