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Distribution and effects of tree leaf litter on vegetation composition and biomass in a forest–grassland ecotone

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第3期7卷 264-275页

作者： Alejandro Loydi Kerstin Lohse Annette Otte Tobias W.Donath R.Lutz Eckstein Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resource Management Research Center for BiosystemsLand Use and Nutrition(IFZ)Justus-Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32DE-35392GiessenGermany

Aims After abandonment of grasslands,secondary succession leads to the invasion by woody *** process begins with the accumulation of tree litter in the forest–grassland *** objectives were to determine the relationships between litter amounts and vegetation composition and cover along natural forest–grassland ecotones and to experimentally study the initial effects of tree litter accumulation on grassland vegetation and on microsite *** We established 11 transects varying from 12 to 15 m in length in different forest–grassland ecotones in the Lahn-Dill highlands,Germany,and measured the mass and cover of tree litter and the cover and composition of vegetation at five sequential positions along each transect by using 1 m2 plots with five *** a field experiment,we established plots subjected to different litter amounts(0,200 and 600g m^(−2))and evaluated changes in grassland vegetation,soil temperature and soil nutrient availability below the litter *** Findings tree litter amounts decrease from 650 to 65g m^(−2) across the forest–grassland *** changed from shrubs and annual species(adapted to more stressful conditions)in the forests edge to grasses,rosettes and hemirosette species(with higher competitive abilities)in the *** anthropogenic forest–grassland ecotones showed abrupt edges,and the two adjacent ecosystems were characterized by different species pools and functional *** the field experiment,the presence of a litter layer reduced vegetation biomass and cover;the species richness was only reduced in the treatment with high litter(600g m^(−2)).Additionally,adding litter on top of vegetation also reduced thermal amplitude and the number of frost days,while increasing the availability of some nutrients,such as nitrogen and aluminium,the latter being an indicator of soil *** a tree litter layer of 600g m^(−2) in grassland areas had strong effects on the compos

关键词： forest edge land abandonment land use change litter oak(Quercus robur) semi-natural grassland tree invasion

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