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Potential risk of soil irrigation with treated wastewater over 40 years:a field experiment under semi-arid conditions in northeastern Tunisia

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第4期15卷 407-423页

作者： Sarra HECHMI Samira MELKI Mohamed-Naceur KHELIL Rim GHRIB Moncef GUEDDARI Naceur JEDIDI Water Research and Technology Center University of CarthageSoliman 8020Tunisia National Institute for Research in Rural Engineering Water and ForestryAriana 2080Tunisia Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El ManarTunis 2092Tunisia

In Tunisia,water scarcity is only adding pressure on water demand in *** the context of sustainable development goals,Tunisia has been reusing treated wastewater(TWW)as a renewable and inexpensive source for soil fertigation and groundwater(GW)***,major risks can be expected when the irrigation water is of poor *** study aims for evaluating the potential risk of TWW and GW irrigation on soil ***,we evaluated the suitability of water quality through the analysis of major and minor cations and anions,metallic trace elements(MTEs),and the sodium hazard by using the sodium adsorption ratio(SAR)and the soluble sodium percentage(SSP).The risk of soil sodicity was further assessed by SAR and the exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP).The degree of soil pollution caused by MTEs accumulation was evaluated using geoaccumulation index(Igeo)and pollution load index(PLI).Soil maps were generated using inverse spline interpolation in ArcGIS *** results show that both water samples(i.e.,TWW and GW)are suitable for soil irrigation in terms of salinity(electrical conductivity5.00),followed by Ni^(2+)and Pb^(2+).Nevertheless,Cd^(2+)presents the lowest risk of soil pollution(Igeo50.0%).This study shows that the use of imagery tools,such as ArcGIS,can

关键词： treated wastewater metallic trace elements(MTEs) pollution indices sodium adsorption ratio(SAR) geoaccumulation index(Igeo) Tunisia

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Characteristics and Driven Factors of Nitrous Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Soil Irrigated with treated wastewater

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第8期11卷 1354-1364页

作者： XUE Yan-dong YANG Pei-ling LUO Yuan-pei LI Yun-kai REN Shu-mei SU Yan-ping NIU Yong-tao College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 P.R.China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China

The reuse of treated wastewater in agricultural systems could partially help alleviate water resource shortages in developing countries. treated wastewater differs from fresh water in that it has higher concentrations of salts, Escherichia coli and presence of dissolved organic matter, and inorganic N after secondary treatment, among others. Its application could thus cause environmental consequences such as soil salinization, ammonia volatilization, and greenhouse gas emissions. In an incubation experiment, we evaluated the characteristics and effects of water-filled pore space （WFPS） and N input on the emissions of nitrous oxide （N2O） and carbon dioxide （CO2） from silt loam soil receiving treated wastewater. Irrigation with treated wastewater （vs. distilled water） significantly increased cumulative N2O emission in soil （117.97 μg N kg-1）. Cumulative N2O emissions showed an exponentially increase with the increasing WFPS in unamended soil, but the maximum occurred in the added urea soil incubated at 60% WFPS. N2O emissions caused by irrigation with treated wastewater combined with urea-N fertilization did not simply add linearly, but significant interaction （P〈0.05） caused lower emissions than the production of N2O from the cumulative effects of treated wastewater and fertilizer N. Moreover, a significant impact on cumulative CO2 emission was measured in soil irrigated with treated wastewater. When treated wastewater was applied, there was significant interaction between WFPS and N input on N2O emission. Hence, our results indicated that irrigation with treated wastewater should cause great concern for increasing global warming potential due to enhanced emission of N2O and CO2.

关键词： treated wastewater nitrous oxide carbon dioxide water-filled pore space urea

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Effect of Water Quality on Heavy Metal Redistribution and Mobility in Polluted Agricultural Soils in a Semi-Arid Region

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 730-739页

作者： Rim AZOUZI Abdelkrim CHAREF Lamia AYED Samia KHADHAR Laboratoire Géoressources Centre des Recherches et Technologies des EauxSoliman 8020(Tunisia) Laboratoire d’Analyse Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l’Environnement et des ProduitsFacultéde PharmacieRue AvicenneMonastir 5000(Tunisia)

Mornag Plain is a coastal area of the Mediterranean basin, which has undergone an agricultural industrial boom. The aim of this study was to investigate the different water qualities used for irrigation on heavy metal mobility in these polluted agricultural soils. The geo-accumulation indices for heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) revealed that industrial activities and used treated wastewater (TWW) contributed to soil pollution, and water irrigation always decreased this contamination. After long-term use of different water types, high perturbation of heavy metal redistribution has occurred. Groundwater use altered all heavy metal redistributions in the irrigated soil among various soil-solid and soil-solution fractions, as compared to the unirrigated soil. Slight acid water use transferred some metals from different solid phase components into water-soluble and exchangeable fractions. However, TWW use transformed some Ni, Cr, Cd, Cu, and Zn from water-soluble and exchangeable fractions to less labile fractions, particularly into organically bound fractions. Reuse of conventional water within the same soil decreased the whole soil redistribution index values, indicating tendency to return to the pattern of distribution of groundwater-irrigated soil.

关键词： Exchangeable fraction Geo-accumulation index Labile fraction Mobility factor Organically bound fraction Redistribution index treated wastewater Water-soluble fraction

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Microbial Quality of Irrigation Water of Public Parks in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2014年第4期3卷 218-223页

作者： Munawwar Ali Khan Hessa Saeed Ali Obaid Alkitibi Alia Ali Ahmad Aljanahi Husna Rasool Baksh Rania Dghaim Department of Natural Science and Public Health College of Sustainability Science and Humanities Zayed University Dubai19282 United Arab Emirates Department of Safety and Environment Dubai Ports World Jebel Ali 17000 United Arab Emirates

In this study, the microbial quality of treated wastewater used for irrigation of three public parks in Dubai was evaluated. A total of 23 samples of TWW （treated wastewater） and 12 samples of irrigated soils from three public parks were collected and tested for Legionella, Salmonella, traditional bacterial indicators, Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cysts using membrane filtration and direct immune-fluorescence assay. The majority of the tested water samples were found contaminated with LLO （Legionella like organisms）, Salmonella and traditional bacterial indicators. Both Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts were detected in these samples with a higher occurrence ofCryptosporidium oocysts （96%） than Giardia cysts （35%）. The fecal coliform bacteria were detected in 60.8% of water samples and 58% of soil samples. Total coliform bacteria were detected in most of the water and soil samples with a higher occurrence than the fecal coliform bacteria. The results of this study indicate that microorganisms are surviving the chlorination method used for disinfecting wastewater, and are further multiplying in the public parks irrigation network system. Therefore, monitoring the treated wastewater for bacterial pathogens, protozoan parasites and controlling their growth at the point of end use are vital to reducing the risk of environmental contamination with microbial pathogens.

关键词： Microbial quality treated wastewater soil public parks.

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The Response of Chickpea to Irrigation with treated Waste Water

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2013年第9期3卷 603-612页

作者： Marwan Haddad Mustafa Khamis Majdi Dakiky Adnan Manassra Mohannad Qurie Rafik Karaman Water and Environmental Studies Institute An Najah National University Nablus 44839 Palestine Faculty of Science & Technology Al-Quds University Jerusalem 20002 Palestine Department of Chemistry Biology and Environmental Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah 26666 UAE Department of Science University of Basilicata Potenza 85100 Italy Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Quds University Jerusalem 20002 Palestine

In a three-year study, the response of four cultivars of chickpea, Bulgarit, WIR-32, Jordan and ICC 11293 to irrigation with TW （treated wastewater） and FW （freshwater）, using surface and subsurface drip irrigation was investigated. wastewater generated from Al-Quds university campus included black, grey and storm water was treated by small scale pilot plant. The wastewater pilot plant consists of tailored made secondary biological activated sludge process with daily capacity of 50 m3. The influent and effluent chemical and biological quality parameters were routinely monitored and analyzed. The data reveal that the average values for BOD, COD and EC for the effluent are 50 ppm, 136 ppm and 1.4 mS/cm over 2 years period. The results of chickpea growth parameters and the chemical and biological analysis of the seeds and leaves indicate that the cultivars Bulgarit and ICC 11293 can be irrigated with TW without any loss in yield and quality. Factor analysis reasonably favored Bulgarit Cultivar irrigated with treated effluent over other cultivars. WIR-32 and Jordan cultivars showed significant reduction in their growth parameters when irrigated with TW as compared with FW. Surface and subsurface drip irrigation gave similar results in most cases. Soil analysis in this study showed no significant difference between irrigation with TW and FW.

关键词： Chickpea surface drip irrigation sub-surface drip irrigation treated wastewater

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