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transpiration rate and Leaf Water Potential as Indices for Cassava Yield in Inland Valley Ecology

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第6期4卷 34-44页

作者： M. T. Lahai I.J. Ekanayake Department of Crop Science Njala University Freetown Sierra Leone International Institute of Tropical Agriculture （IITA） Ibadan Nigeria c/o L. W. Lambourn ＆ Co. Carolyn House 26 Dingwall Road Croydon CR93EE England

Differences in transpiration and leaf water potential （LWP） in relation to cassava yield were investigated along inland valley toposequence in a 4×4 Latin square design. The landrace with the highest transpiration rate and lowest LWP yielded the lowest, while TMS 91/02324 and TMS 91/02327 with intermediate rate and highest LWP yielded the highest, indicating that high transpiration rate associated with low LWP reduced yield. transpiration was lower in the fringe with deeper water table than valley bottom at deep water table site, while at shallow water table, it was higher in the fringe than valley bottom, suggesting that drought and excess moisture reduced transpiration. LWP and water table depth correlated negatively indicating that shallow water table reduced transpiration by reducing LWP. transpiration increased and LWP decreased as radiation, leaf temperature and vapour pressure deficit increased and differences in these microclimatic conditions caused differences in the two processes between sites, years and time of day. Under mild water stress, transpiration and LWP were higher in the afternoon than the morning, but the reverse occurred under severe stress. TMS 91/02324 and TMS 91/02327 had the highest LWP under severe stress, indicating their higher drought tolerance than the other cultivars.

关键词： transpiration rate leaf water potential root yield cassava cultivars water table depth weather condition inland valley ecology.

Net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of Algonquin in different growth years

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Net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of Algonquin ...

The Response of transpiration rate of Malus pumila *** to Illumination and Soil Moisture

ⅩⅪ International Grassland Congress and the Ⅷ International Rangeland Congress

作者： L.J.Xu~1 B.Wang~2 Q.Z.Sun~1 1Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science Hohhot 010010 China 2 School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China

＜正＞Introduction Algonquin is tolerant to drought ***,it can not survive more than 5 years in Chifeng city of Inner *** photosynthesis rate（Pn） and the transpiration rate（Tr） of plants’ leave are the major driver of its *** study was designed to compare Pn and Tr of Algonquin in different years to better understand the suitability of Algonquin on this site.

关键词： Algonquin net photosynthesis rate transpiration rate

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Forestry Studies in China 2001年第2期3卷 18-25页

作者：王克勤杨晓晖西南林学院环境科学与工程系昆明50224 中国林科院林业研究所北京100091

We tested the transpiration rate ( Tr ) of seven\|year\|old field and two\|year\|old potted Malus pumila *** under different conditions of illumination and soil water. The results showed that the interrelationship between Tr of Malus pumila *** and illumination and soil water content ( SWC ) was quite remarkable. Tr increased with the increase of light intensity and SWC . However, when one of the environmental stresses of illumination and water existed, the improvement of the other condition couldn't make Tr rise greatly. Only when SWC was higher than 11%, which arrived at over 55% of the field content ( FC ), or the photosynthetic active radiation ( PAR ) higher than 400?μmol·s -1 m -2 , Tr could rise greatly with the increase of PAR or SWC . But when SWC was higher than 15%, which reached over 75% of FC or PAR higher than 1?000?μmol·s -1 ·m -2 , Tr would not change a lot with the change of PAR or SWC . That PAR and SWC influenced the magnitude of stomatic resistance( RS ) and leaf water potential ( Ψ l) was the basic reason for the Tr responded to them. Light stress reduced the open degree of stomas, so when severe light stress existed ( PAR 2 0?s·cm -1 ), which led to the decrease of Tr(Tr 15% amd over 75% of FC , and Ψ ws >-0 50?MPa), RS was lower than 2 00?s·cm -1 , Ψ l higher than -1 65?MPa and Tr would be higher than 15?μgH 2O·s -1 ·m -2 . The range of SWC , 11%～15%, which accounted for 55% to 75% of FC ,

关键词： transpiration rate irradiation intensity(photosynthetically active radiance) soil moisture

Intra-specific variations of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations in Songnen Plain, Northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第1期14卷 20-26页

作者： WANG Ren zhong (Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.) Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Population demography, seed production, biomass allocation, net photosynthesis and transpiration of two Leymus chinensis divergent populations and between two years in Songnen plain, northeast China were compared. Strong differences between the dry 1997 and moist 1998 occurred in vegetative shoot and sexual shoot densities, sexual differentiation and tiller densities, as well as in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers per inflorescence, seed weights and biomass allocation in each population respectively ( P 0.05). Excepting the transpiration rate in the early June, the differences between the two populations in net photosynthesis and transpiration rate of vegetative shoots and sexual shoots were strongly significant in the early June and July respectively ( P <0.01). Relative stable variations in population demography and physiological traits between the two populations indicated that they are divergently in the Songnen Plain.

关键词： population demography seed productions biomass allocation net photosynthetic rate transpiration rate Leymus chinensis populations Songnen Plain

Variable hydrological effects of herbs and shrubs in the arid northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第7期15卷 1532-1545页

作者： LIU Ya-bin ZHANG Ying FU Jiang-tao YU Dong-mei HU Xia-song LI Xi-lai QI Zhao-xin LI Shu-xia Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Qinghai Institute of SaltLakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes Xining 810008 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Geological Engineering Qinghai University Xining 810016 China College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining 810016 China

This study aims to assess the hydrological effects of four herbs and four shrubs planted in a selfestablished test area in Xining Basin of northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. The RainfallIntercepting Capability(RIC) of the herbs and shrubs was evaluated in rainfall interception experiment at the end of the third, fourth and fifth month of the growth period in 2007. The leaf transpiration rate and the effects of roots on promoting soil moisture evaporation in these plants were also assessed in transpiration experiment and root-soil composite system evaporation experiment in the five month's growth period. It is found that the RIC of the fourstudied herbs follows the order of E. repens, E. dahuricus, A. trachycaulum and L. secalinus; the RIC of the four shrubs follows the order of A. canescens, Z. xanthoxylon, C. korshinskii and N. tangutorum. The RIC of all the herbs is related linearly to their mean height and canopy area(R^2 ≥ 0.9160). The RIC of all the shrubs bears a logarithmic relationship with their mean height(R^2 ≥ 0.9164), but a linear one with their canopy area(R^2 ≥ 0.9356). Moreover, different species show different transpiration rates. Of the four herbs, E. repens has the highest transpiration rate of 1.07 mg/(m^2·s), and of the four shrubs, A. canescens has the highest transpiration rate(0.74 mg/(m^2·s)). The roots of all the herbs and shrubs can promote soil moisture evaporation. Of the four herbs, the evaporation rate of E. repens root-soil composite system is the highest(2.14%), and of the four shrubs,the root-soil composite system of A. canescens has the highest evaporation rate(1.41%). The evaporation rate of the root-soil composite system of E. dahuricus and Z. xanthoxylon bears a second-power linear relationship with evaporation time(R^2 ≥ 0.9924). The moisture content of all the eight root-soil composite systems decreases exponentially with evaporation time(R^2 ≥ 0.8434). The evaporation rate and moisture content of all the plants' root-

关键词： Plant hydrological effects Rainfall interception capacity Root-soft composite system transpiration rate Moisture evaporation rate Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on soil salinity,physiological processes and fruit quality of gray jujube under desert conditions

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 52-59页

作者： Zhipeng Liu Chengli Zhu Shuyu Wu Weihua Guo Yitikaer Abudushalamu Xiyun Jiao Shipei Gao Jie Wang College of Agricultural Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Hydraulic Research Institute of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210017China Development Center for Science and Technology of Rural Water Resources of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210029China

Regulated deficit irrigation(RDI)was applied to gray jujube trees in an oasis region,to determine the effects of this irrigation system on soil salinity,gray jujube physiological processes,fruit yield,and fruit *** consisted of severe,moderate and low deficit irrigation(irrigated with 85%,70%and 55%of CK,respectively)at the flowering stage to fruit set *** the other growth stages,all treatments were irrigated with 80%of pan evaporation,which was the same as that in *** results indicated that soil salinity was enhanced during the periods of water stress,but the high value of soil salinity declined by 3.48%-37.27%,at each depth,after irrigation was *** caused a decline in the photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance,but enhanced the water use efficiency of the ***,the leaf photosynthetic rate was effectively enhanced after the recovery of irrigation,especially in the moderate deficit irrigation treatment,which exceeded the *** led to an improved fruit yield,which was 9.57%higher than that of the *** deficit treatments caused a significant increase in the soluble solid content,soluble sugar content,single fruit weight and sugar/acid *** vitamin C content,resulting from deficit treatments,has also been observed in the gray ***,this research shows that RDI provides some benefits in the production of gray jujube trees in desert conditions.

关键词： regulated deficit irrigation soil salinity gray jujube water use efficiency photosynthetic rate transpiration rate stomatal conductance soluble solid content sugar/acid ratio

Cotton stomatal closure under varying temperature and vapor pressure deficit,correlation with the hydraulic conductance trait

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Journal of Cotton Research 2022年第3期5卷 217-227页

作者： WEDEGAERTNER Kurt SHEKOOFA Avat PURDOM Sam WALTERS Kellie DUNCAN Lori RAPER Tyson B Department of Plant Sciences University of Tennessee2505 E.J.Chapman Dr.KnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee2506 EJ Chapman DriveKnoxvilleTN 37996USA.

Background:Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is often grown in locations characterized by high atmospheric evaporative *** has been hypothesized that plants which resist hydraulic flow under this condition will limit water use and conserve soil ***,in a series of controlled environment experiments ten cotton cultivars were exposed to two different temperature and vapor pressure deficit(VPD)conditions(i.e.,38℃,>3 kPa and 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa)as well as a progressive soil ***,individual differences in shoot hydraulic conductance(K_(shoot))was measured using a hydraulic conductance flow meter(HCFM).Physiological parameters were reported included leaf area,dry leaf weight,stomatal conductance(g_(s)),and water use efficiency coefficient(WUE_(k)).Results:Differences were observed in K_(shoot) among cultivars under the 38℃,>3 kPa but not the 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa *** the 38℃,>3 kPa environment,correlations were found between K_(shoot),stomatal conductance(gs),VPD breakpoint,WUEk,total leaf area,dry leaf weight,fraction transpirable soil water(FTSW)threshold,and slope of TR decline after FTSW ***:Results show that the ability of some cotton cultivars to restrict water loss under high evaporative demand through early stomatal closure is associated with the cultivars’K_(shoot).The K_(shoot) is influential in the limitation of TR trait under high temperature and VPD.

关键词： Cotton FTSW threshold Shoot hydraulic conductance Temperature transpiration rate VPD

transpiration of the Tamarind Artificial Forest in the Arid-Hot Valleys of Jinshajiang River,Yunnan

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2008年第3期13卷 291-296页

作者： PAN Zhixian LIAO Chengfei SHA Yucang YANG Yanxian FANG Haidong JI Zhonghua Institute of Tropical Eco-Agricultural Sciences YunnanAcademy of Agricultural Sciences Yuanmou 651300 YunnanChina

The transpiration characteristics of the tamarind artificial forest in the arid-hot valleys of Jinshajiang River, Yunnan were investigated through the measurement of the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of tamarind leaf and the related envi- ronmental factors. The results showed that the transpiration of the tamarind in the clear sky had the close positive correlations with photosynthetically active radiation and air temperature and negative correlation with atmosphere moisture in the whole growth period. The daily change tendency of the transpiration rate was the similar with stomatal conductance, and the transpiration had the positive correlation with stomatal conductance. The transpiration rate of tamarind was highest in the rainy season of June and July and was relatively low in the drought season of March and April. The transpiration water consumption in rainy season of June and July was obviously higher than that in drought season of March and April. It fully suggested that the tamarind showed very good drought resistance and adaptability to the arid-hot valleys of Yunnan .

关键词： tamarind transpiration rate stomatal conductance transpiration

Subtropical Modern Greenhouse Cucumber Canopy transpiration Under Summer Climate Condition

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第11期1卷 1260-1265页

作者： LUO Wei-hong, WANG Xiao-han, DING Wei-min, CHEN Yu-qing and DAI Jian-feng(Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation , Ministry of Agriculture/Nanjing Agricultural University ,Nanjing 210095, P.R.China) Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation Ministry of Agriculture/Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R. China

Greenhouse canopy transpiration not only has effects on greenhouse air temperature and humidity, but also is important for determining the set-point of fertigation. In this study, Penman-Monteith equation was used to calculate the greenhouse cucumber canopy transpiration under summer climate condition. The effects of greenhouse environmental factors on canopy transpiration were analyzed based on the measurements of greenhouse microclimate factors and canopy transpiration. The results showed that Penman-Monteith equation was reliable and robust in estimating greenhouse cucumber canopy transpiration under summer climate condition. Greenhouse cucumber canopy transpiration rate increased linearly with the increase of net radiation and water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) above the canopy. But the maximum value of the canopy transpiration rate occurred at the same time as that of VPD whereas about two hours later than that of net radiation. Based on the results, it was concluded that in addition to radiation, air humidity should also be considered when determine the set-point of fertigation.

关键词： Cucumber Greenhouse transpiration rate