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translocation of Otostegia bucharica, a highly threatened narrowly distributed relict shrub

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 105-108页

作者： Komiljon Tojibaev Natalia Beshko Sergei Volis Institute of Botany of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

translocation is a recognized means of rescuing imperiled species but the evidence for the long-term success of translocations is limited. We report the successful translocation of reproductive individuals of a critically endangered shrub Otostegia bucharica from a site facing imminent habitat destruction into a nearby natural population of the species. The relocated plants were visited the year after planting and 13 years later to assess short-and long-term plant survival. Significant percentage of plants that survived transplanting shock and very dry spring following transplanting(around 36%), and further decrease of this number in the next 12 years by only 14%, indicated that O. bucharica is amenable to translocation using reproductive plants. Based on results of species distribution modeling, and failed attempts of ex situ cultivation, we propose introduction of this species into areas with suitable climatic and soil conditions.However, because there is currently no nature reserve in Uzbekistan having suitable conditions for the species under the present climate and that expected in the near future, and because all known habitats of O. bucharica are exposed to the very strong anthropogenic pressure, establishment of a new protected area, awareness building and involvement of local community in conservation activities are required to prevent extinction of this extremely rare species.

关键词： Endangered plant species SDM translocation Ins itu Plant conservation

Effect of Solvent Viscosity on the Driven translocation of Charged Polymers through Nanopores

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第5期40卷 532-540页

作者： Han-Xian Hu Fan Wu Xiao Yang Chao Wang Meng-Bo Luo Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China

The effect of viscosity of non-translocated(cis)side,ηcis,on the driven translocation of charged polymers through nanopores is investigated using Langevin dynamics simulation.Results show that the translocation of polymer chains can be regulated by changingηcis.Asηcis decreases,the translocation timeτdecreases,and the exponentδin the scaling relation with driving force f,τ~f-δ,increases whereasαin the scaling relation with chain length N,τ~Nα,decreases.Simultaneously,the conformation of the polymer chain at the cis side gravitates towards an equilibrium state.The results imply a relationship between the translocation and the conformation of polymer chains.To verify this hypothesis,we change the conformation of polymer by artificially relaxing the translocating polymer via adding an additional relaxation time in the simulation.A sufficient large additional relaxation time for the translocating polymer chain at the cis side only or at both cis and trans sides results in exponentsαandδboth close to 1,in contrast toα=1.36 andδ=0.8 for the translocation without the additional relaxation.The additional relaxation for the polymer chain at the cis side accelerates the translocation and plays a more important role than that for polymer chain at the trans side.

关键词： Polymer Nanopore translocation Langevin dynamics simulation

Chromosome 5P of Agropyron cristatum induces chromosomal translocation by disturbing homologous chromosome pairing in a common wheat background

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 228-237页

作者： Haiming Han Xinyuan Ma Zhen Wang Kai Qi Wenjing Yang Weihua Liu Jinpeng Zhang Shenghui Zhou Yuqing Lu Xinming Yang Xiuquan Li Lihui Li National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Wide hybridization is a strategy for broadening the genetic basis of wheat. Because an efficient method for inducing wheat–alien chromosome translocations will allow producing useful germplasm, it is desirable to discover new genes that induce chromosomal variation. In this study, chromosome 5P from A.cristatum was shown to induce many types of chromosomal structural variation in a common wheat background, including nonhomoeologous chromosome translocations, as revealed by genomic in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and DNA marker analysis. Aberrant meiosis was associated with chromosomal structural variation, and aberrant meiotic behavior was observed in wheat–A.cristatum 5P monosomic and disomic addition lines, suggesting that the effect of chromosome 5P was independent of the number of chromosome 5P copies. Chromosome 5P disturbed homologous chromosome pairing at pachytene stage in a common wheat background, resulting in a high frequency of univalent formation and reduced crossing over. Thirteen genes involved in DNA repair or chromatin remodeling, including RAD52-like and MSH6 genes, were differentially expressed(upregulated) in wheat–A. cristatum 5P addition lines according to transcriptome analysis, implicating chromosome 5P in the process of meiotic double-strand break repair. These findings provide a new, efficient tool for inducing wheat–alien chromosome translocations and producing new germplasm.

关键词： Agropyron cristatum Wheat Chromosome 5P translocation Chromosome pairing

Development and characterization of a novel common wheat–Mexico Rye T1DL·1RS translocation line with stripe rust and powdery mildew resistance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1291-1307页

作者： LI Jiao-jiao ZHAO Li Lü Bo-ya FU Yu ZHANG Shu-fa LIU Shu-hui YANG Qun-hui WU Jun LI Jia-chuang CHEN Xin-hong Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Rye(Secale cereale L., 2n=2x=14, RR) is a significant genetic resource for improving common wheat because of its resistance to multiple diseases and abiotic-stress tolerant traits. The 1RS chromosome from the German cultivated rye variety Petkus is critical in wheat breeding. However, its weakened disease resistance highlights the need to identify new resources. In the present study, a novel derived line called D27 was developed from common wheat and Mexico Rye.Cytological observations characterized the karyotype of D27 as 2n=42=21 Ⅱ. Genomic in situ hybridization indicated that a pair of whole-arm translocated Mexico Rye chromosomes were inherited typically in the mitotic and meiosis stages of D27. Experiments using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) and gliadin electrophoresis showed that D27 lacked wheat 1DS chromosomes. They were replaced by 1RS chromosomes of Mexico Rye, supported by wheat simple-sequence repeat markers, rye sequence characterized amplified region markers, and wheat 40K SNP array analysis.The wheat 1DS chromosomes could not be detected by molecular markers and wheat SNP array, but the presence of rye 1RS chromosomes was confirmed. Agronomic trait assessments indicated that D27 had a higher tiller number and enhanced stripe rust and powdery mildew resistance. In addition, dough properties analysis showed that replacing 1DS led to higher viscosity and lower dough elasticity in D27, which was beneficial for cake making. In conclusion, the novel cytogenetically stable common wheat–Mexico Rye T1DL·1RS translocation line D27 offers excellent potential as outstanding germplasm in wheat breeding programs focusing on disease resistance and yield improvement. Additionally,it can be valuable for researching the rye 1RS chromosome’s genetic diversity.

关键词： common wheat disease resistance dough properties rye translocation line

translocation OF A PROTEIN-LIKE CHAIN THROUGH AN INTERACTING CHANNEL

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2011年第5期29卷 I0007-I0007,521-531页

作者：孙婷婷 School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang University

The effect of channel-protein interaction on the translocation of a protein-like chain through a finite channel under certain electric field was studied by using dynamical Monte Carlo simulations. The interior behavior of chain conformation under different interactions was investigated, such as the number of monomers outside of channel nout, monomers inside of channel nm, mean-square radius of gyration 〈 S2 〉 and the average energy 〈U〉. It shows that with strong attractive interaction, the translocation is more difficult than moderate interaction. At the same time, the dependence of translocation time with different interactions shows that moderate repulsive interaction （εcp = 0.5） accelerates the translocation. Although the waiting time for successful translocation of εep = 1.0 is the longest, the average translocation time is not very large. It is far smaller than that of εep = -1.0. The probability distributions of translocation time p（t＇） and the probability distributions of three duration times p（t1＇）, p（t2＇） and p（t3＇） were all discussed. Log-normal distributions are found. All these findings will strengthen the understanding of protein translocation.

关键词： translocation Protein-like chain Dynamical Monte Carlo simulation.

translocation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)into plant tissues:A review

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Emerging Contaminants 2017年第4期3卷 132-137页

作者： Raya Salim Al-Farsi Mushtaque Ahmed Ahmed Al-Busaidi B.S.Choudri College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences Sultan Qaboos UniversityOman Center for Environmental Studies and Research Sultan Qaboos UniversityOman

Occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in the environment and the potential consequences for human health is of serious concern.In the current review,we have tried to provide a summary on recent research and an overview of PPCPs in the soil-plant systems,in the environment and analytical methods used for determination of PPCPs in plant tissues.Further review also include highlights on the fate of PPCPs in agricultural soils receiving treated wastewater irrigation or biosolids amendment,and plant uptake of PPCPs under laboratory and field conditions.PPCPs have shown to be released to the environment and may cause significant impacts on different environmental aspects.Plant roots showed their abilities to uptake and transfer of PPCPs into plant tissues.The uptake of PPCPs varies depending on crop type and physiochemical properties of the chemical compound that were exposed.Consumption of contaminated crops with PPCPs residues may cause serious health problems.Liquid chromatography in combination with mass chromatography was found to be the most popular analytical instrument used for PPCPs determination in different samples.Finally,the information gaps and few suggestions for future research have been proposed in this review.

关键词： PPCPs Root uptake translocation Human exposure Analytical methods

Jasmonic acid alleviates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis via suppression of cadmium uptake and translocation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第2期62卷 218-227页

作者： Gui Jie Lei Li Sun Ying Sun Xiao Fang Zhu Gui Xin Li Shao Jian Zheng State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Jasmonic acid(JA)is thought to be involved in plant responses to cadmium(Cd)stress,but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Here,we show that Cd treatment rapidly induces the expression of genes promoting endogenous JA synthesis,and subsequently increases the JA concentration in Arabidopsis roots.Furthermore,exogenous methyl jasmonate(MeJA)alleviates Cd-generated chlorosis of new leaves by decreasing the Cd concentration in root cell sap and shoot,and decreasing the expression of the AtIRT1,AtHMA2 and AtHMA4 genes promoting Cd uptake and long-distance translocation,respectively.In contrast,mutation of a key JA synthesis gene,At AOS,greatly enhances the expression of AtIRT1,AtHMA2 and AtHMA4,increases Cd concentration in both roots and shoots,and confers increased sensitivity to Cd.Exogenous Me JA recovers the enhanced Cd-sensitivity of the ataos mutant,but not of atcoi1,a JA receptor mutant.In addition,exogenous Me JA reduces NO levels in Cd-stressed Arabidopsis root tips.Taken together,our results suggest that Cd-induced JA acts via the JA signaling pathway and its effects on NO levels to positively restrict Cd accumulation and alleviates Cd toxicity in Arabidopsis via suppression of the expression of genes promoting Cd uptake and long-distance translocation.

关键词： Jasmonic acid cadmium uptake translocation

Effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on bacterial translocation in burned or septic rats

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第10期132卷 1179-1187页

作者： Zhen-Liang Wen Li-Di Zhang Shao-Ze Liu Jiao Liu Yi-Zhu Chen De-Chang Chen Department of Critical Care Medicine Ruijin Hospital North Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 201801 China Department of Emergency Center the 281 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Qinhuangdao Hebei 066100 China

Background: Antibiotics are frequently used to treat critically ill patients, and its use is often accompanied by intestinal dysbiosis might further lead to bacterial translocation (BT). Nevertheless, studies on the relationship between antibiotic therapy and BT are rare. In the present study, we investigated the effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on BT in an experimental rat model of burn or sepsis injury. Methods: The septic rat model was simulated by a second insult with lipopolysaccharides after burn injury. Ninety-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, burn, and sepsis groups (n = 8 or 9, each group), and the latter two groups were then treated with imipenem or ceftriaxone for 3 or 9 days. The mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and blood were collected at each time point under sterile conditions for quantitative bacterial culture and strain identification. The differences between the groups were compared by Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Only minimal Escherichia coli translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes was observed in the normal control group, in which the BT rate was 12.5%. Burn injury did not affect the BT rate (Burn group vs. Control group, 12.5% vs. 12.5%, P = 1.000), whereas the BT rate showed an increased trend after the second insult with lipopolysaccharide (Sepsis group us. Control group, 44.4% 12.5%, P = 0.294), and many strains of Enterobacteria spp. were detected in distant organs (liver, lung, and blood)[Sepsis group vs. Control group, 0 (0,3) us. 0 (0,0), U = 20, P = 0.045]. After the antibiotic treatment, BT to the distant organs was increased in burned rats [Burn IT3 group us. Burn group, 0 (0,2) vs. 0 (0,0);Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,1) vs. 0 (0,0);Burn CT9 group Burn group, 0 (0,2) vs. 0 (0,0);all U = 20 and P = 0.076] but decreased in septic rats [Sepsis CT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 0 (0,0) vs. 0 (0,3), U = 20, P = 0.045]. The total amount of translocated bacteria, regardless of which antibiotic was used, was increased in bu

关键词： Antibiotic Bacterial translocation Enterococci Enterobacteria Sepsis

AtHAP5A regulates iron translocation in iron-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第12期62卷 1910-1924页

作者： Xiao Fang Zhu Qi Wu Yu Ting Meng Ye Tao Ren Fang Shen State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Iron(Fe)deficient plants employ multiple strategies to increase root uptake and root-to-shoot translocation of Fe.The identification of genes that are responsible for these processes,and a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory effects of transcriptional networks on their expression,including transcription factors(TFs),is underway in Arabidopsis thaliana.Here,we show that a Histone-or heme-associated proteins(HAP)transcription factor(TF),HAP5A,is necessary for the response to Fe deficiency in Arabidopsis.Its ex-pression was induced under Fe deficiency,and the lack of HAP5A significantly decreased Fe translocation from the root to the shoot,resulting in substantial chlorosis of the newly expanded leaves,compared with the wild-type(WT,Col-0).Further analysis found that the expression of a gene encoding nicotianamine(NA)synthase(NAS1)was dramatically decreased in the hap5a mutant,regardless of the Fe status.Yeast-one-hybrid and ChIP analyses suggested that HAP5A directly binds to the promoter region of NAS1.Moreover,overexpression of NAS1 could rescue the chlorosis phenotype of hap5a in Fe deficient conditions.In summary,a novel pathway was elucidated,showing that NAS1-dependent translocation of Fe from the root to the shoot is controlled by HAP5A in Fe-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana.

关键词： Arabidopsis translocation expanded