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Plant Synthetic Metabolic Engineering for Enhancing Crop Nutritional Quality

Plant Communications 2020年第1期1卷 113-130页

作者： Qinlong Zhu Bin Wang Jiantao Tan Taoli Liu Li Li Yao-Guang Liu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642China Robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA Plant Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA

Nutrient deficiencies in crops are a serious threat to human health,especially for populations in poor *** overcome this problem,the development of crops with nutrient-enhanced traits is *** of crops to improve nutritional quality helps combat nutrient deficiencies by increasing the levels of specific nutrient *** with agronomic practices and conventional plant breeding,plant metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies are more effective and accurate in synthesizing specific micronutrients,phytonutrients,and/or bioactive components in *** this review,we discuss recent progress in the field of plant synthetic metabolic engineering,specifically in terms of research strategies of multigene stacking tools and engineering complex metabolic pathways,with a focus on improving traits related to micronutrients,phytonutrients,and bioactive *** and innovations in plant synthetic metabolic engineering would facilitate the development of nutrient-enriched crops to meet the nutritional needs of humans.

关键词： plant metabolic engineering synthetic biology transgene stacking crop biofortification

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Costs of resistance to fungal pathogens in genetically modified wheat

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第1期6卷 101-112页

作者： Simon L.Zeller Olena Kalinina Bernhard Schmid Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims Many resistance genes against fungal pathogens show costs of *** modified(GM)plants that differ in only one or a few resistance genes from control plants present ideal systems for measuring these costs in the absence of *** To assess the ecological relevance of costs of pathogen resistance,we grew individual plants of four transgenic spring wheat lines in a field trial with three pathogen levels and varied the genetic diversity of the *** Findings We found that two lines with a Pm3b transgene were more resistant to powdery mildew than their sister lines of the variety Bobwhite,whereas lines with chitinase(A9)or chitinase and glucanase(A13)transgenes were not more resistant than their mother variety ***,in the absence of the pathogen,both the GM lines of Bobwhite as well as those of Frisal performed significantly worse than their controls,***3b#1 and Pm3b#2 had 39%or 53%and A9 and A13 had 14%or 23%lower *** the presence of the pathogen,all GM lines except Pm3b#2 could increase their yields and other fitness-related traits,reaching the performance levels of the control *** Pm3b#2 seemed to have lost its phenotypic plasticity and had low performance in all *** may have been caused by very high transgene *** synergistic effects of mixing different GM lines with each other were *** might have been due to high transgene expression or the similarity between the lines regarding their resistance *** conclude that costs of resistance can be high for transgenic plants with constitutive transgene expression and that this can occur even in cases where the non-transgenic control lines are already relatively resistant,such as in our variety *** plants could only compete with conventional varieties in environments with high pathogen ***,the large variability among the GM lines,which may be due to unpredictable transgene expression,su

关键词： powdery mildew resistance genes transgene expression transgene stacking yield

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