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Assessing impact of intermittent window opening strategies on pathogen-laden droplet dispersion in a coach bus

Building Simulation 2024年第7期17卷 1183-1200页

作者： Qiqi Luo Xingdong Deng Jian Hang Cuiyun Ou Zhiwen Luo Xiaodan Fan Xia Yang Yifei Zhang Zhongli Gu Xuelin Zhang School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China China Meteorological Administration Xiong'an Atmospheric Boundary Layer Key Laboratory Xiong'anChina Guangzhou Urban Planning&Design Survey Research Institute Guangzhou 510060China Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Resources Planning and Marine Technology Guangzhou 510060China Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Urban Sensing Monitoring and Early WarningGuangzhou 510060China Welsh Schoolof Architecture Cardiff UniversityUK Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control South China Institute of Environmental Sciencesthe Ministry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaNo.7 West Street YuancunGuangzhou 510655China Guangdong Fans-tech Agro Co. LtdGuangdong ProvinceChina

Opening windows in coach buses is a practical approach to improving natural ventilation and mitigating infection risk(IR).Due to human behavior and weather conditions,the intermittent window opening strategy(IWOS)is a more common practice than keeping windows constantly *** its prevalence,there are no studies exploring IWOS specifically in *** employed indoor-outdoor coupled CFD simulations to assess the effects of various IWOS on pathogen-laden droplet(PLD)dispersion and IR in a coach bus that occurred a COVID-19 outbreak in Hunan,*** reveal that after ventilating through two skylights for 600–1800 s,opening front and rear windows(FW+RW)or FW with a wind catcher(FW+WCH)for just 40 s can reduce PLD concentration(Cave)to 5%of its initial level and the intake fraction of the infector’s neighbor(IFn)drops by 95%.Upon closing FW+RW or FW+WCH,Cave and IFn take over 580 s to return to the pre-opening ***,intermittent FW opening halves Cave and IFn within 7 min,but leads to rapid increases upon window ***,opening FW+RW and FW+WCH intermittently have pronounced impacts on indoor PLD concentration and are applicable approaches to control respiratory disease transmission in *** to the inhaled viral dose,it is recommended to open windows when driving time is over 12 minutes to reduce infection *** scenarios like epidemiological surveys and risk assessments,where assessing passenger infection risk is vital,some behaviors of opening windows cannot be overlooked and necessitate extra attention.

关键词： infection risk computational fluid dynamics air change rate per hour natural ventilation wind catcher tracer gas dispersion

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