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Monitoring bioaccumulation and toxic effects of hexachlorobenzene using the polyurethane foam unit method in the microbial communities of the Fuhe River,Wuhan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第6期19卷 738-744页

作者： LIU Ting CHEN Zhu-lei SHEN Yun-fen GAN Lu CAO Li LV Zi-zhong Environmental Science Research Institute Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China The Laboratory of Protozoan Taxonomy and Ecology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China

Hexachlorobenzene （HCB） is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon that was widely used for seed dressing in prevention of fungal growth on crops, and also as a component of fireworks, ammunition, and synthetic rubbers. Because of its resistance to degradation and mobility, HCB is widely distributed throughout the environment and is accumulated through food chains in different ecosystems. In this study, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the bioaccumulation and the toxic effects of HCB in the microbial （protozoan in particular） communities in the Fuhe River, Wuhan, a water body receiving industrial wastewaters containing HCB and other pollutants, using the standardized polyurethane foam units （PFU） method. Field samples were taken from eight stations established along the Fuhe River in January and August 2006. The concentration ratios of HCB in microbial communities and in water were 9.66-18.64, and the microbial communities accumulated 13.29-56.88 μg/L of HCB in January and 0.82-10.25 μg/L HCB in August. Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between the HCB contents in the microbial assemblage, and the number of species and the diversity index of the protozoan communities. This study demonstrated the applicability of the PFU method in monitoring the effects of HCB on the level of microbial communities.

关键词： bioaccumulation toxicity effect hexachlorobenzene PFU method microbial community protozoan communities

toxicity of perfluorononanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate to Daphnia magna

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Water Science and Engineering 2015年第1期8卷 40-48页

作者： Guang-hua Lu Jian-chao Liu Li-sha Sun Lu-jin Yuan Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education College of Environment Hohai University

In order to study toxicological effects of perfluorononanoic acid （PFNA）, perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS）, and their mixtures （PFNA/ PFOS） on Daphnia magna （D. magna）, a suite of comprehensive toxicity tests were conducted, including a 48-h acute toxicity test, a 21-day chronic test, a feeding experiment, and a biomarker assay. D. magna were exposed to aqueous solutions of PFNA and PFOS （alone and in combination） at concentrations ranging from 0.008 to 5 mg/L. The survival, growth, and reproduction of D. magna were monitored over a 21- day life cycle. The biomarkers, including acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and catalase （CAT） activities, were determined after seven days of exposure. PFOS was more toxic than PFNA based on the results of the acute toxicity test. Perfluorinated compounds （PFCs） inhibited both growth and reproduction of D. magna during the testing period. The ingestion rates and the biomarkers, including ACHE, SOD, and CAT activities, were significantly inhibited by PFCs in most cases. Moreover, the combined effects related to the growth and reproduction showed the antagonistic effects of PFCs.

关键词： toxicity effect Perfluorononanoic acid Perfluorooctane sulfonate Daphnia magna Reproduction Ingestion rate Biomarker

Exposure Level, toxicity effects and Health Risk Assessment of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Water Environment

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2018年第6期19卷 31-42页

作者： WEN Xin SHEN Meng HAN Hui WANG An-wei ZHAI Juan WAN Yu-shan School of Environmental and Safety Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 PRC

Organophosphorus flame retardants(OPFRs) are gradually replacing brominated flame retardants(BFRs), which are widely used in the world. The increasing output of OPFRs and the increasing detection of OPFRs in environmental media have attracted wide attention of scholars at home and abroad. OPFRs are generally semi-volatile, easy to enter the environment and accumulate in organisms,causing potential hazards to the environment and human health. In this paper, the pollution status and toxic effects of OPFRs in aquatic environment were introduced,and the research progress of human health risk caused by them was *** existing problems were pointed out, and the future research was prospected. In the future, the analytical methods of various environmental and biological media should be improved, and comprehensive and in-depth environmental investigation and ecological and health risk assessment should be carried out. Attention should be paid to the effects of combined pollution on organisms and the study of biological acceptability.

关键词： Organophosphorus flame retardant Exposure level toxicity effect Health risk assessment

Study on Tolerance and Biosorption of Various Microalgae Species to Arsenic

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第6期13卷 1303-1308,1327页

作者：李妍丽柯林华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院广东广州510006

[Objective] This study aimed to select microalgae species which are capable to effectively remove arsenic contamination from water under natural conditions. [Method] Four microalgae species [Chlorella sp. （zfsaia）, Chlorella minata, Chlorella vulgaris and Selenastrum capricormulum] were used as experimental materials and cultured with six different concentrations of As （Ⅲ）（0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 mg/L）. Biomass, chlorophyll a content and other physiological indicators were determined to investigate the arsenic tolerance and biosorption of four microalgae species. [Result] Chlorella sp. is sensitive to arsenic toxicity, its growth was inhibited when arsenic concentration exceeded 10 mg/L, with an EC 50 of 17.32 mg/L; when the arsenic concentration was 0-20 mg/L, growth of S.c, ww1 and C.v was not affected, which showed relatively high tolerance to arsenic, with arsenic removal rates of 77.02% , 72.18% and 81.36% respectively after 24 h. [Conclusion] This study indicates that microalgae have good application prospects for processing arsenic wastewater and being indicator plants of arsenic wastewater.

关键词： As(Ⅲ) Microalgae toxicity effect Biosorption