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Surgery as an alternative to radiotherapy in early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma:innovation at the expense of uncertainty

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Cancer Communications 2020年第2期40卷 119-121页

作者： Luo Huang Melvin L.K.Chua Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore 169610 Division of Radiation Oncology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and InstituteChongqing 400030P.R.China Division of Medical Sciences National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore 169610 Oncology Academic Clinical Programme Duke-National University of Singapore Medical SchoolSingapore 169857

Radiotherapy(RT)has an unassailable track record as the backbone of treatment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Several reasons explain its *** to human papilloma virus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-associated NPC is exquisitely sensitive to ***,huge leaps with technological advances in RT delivery over the past decades have led to substantial improvements in tumor control,while reducing debilitating late RT-induced complications[1,2].Innovations in this space continue to drive the enhancement of the therapeutic ratio of RT,with the goal of enhancing the quality of life(QoL)among long-term survivors[3].Therefore,there has not been any compelling reason to disrupt this timehonored convention of employing RT as the standard of care in NPC.

关键词： Early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma resection surgery toxicities

Current Perspectives on Sunitinib Targeted Therapy for Tumors

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2011年第4期2卷 535-541页

作者： Karolin Kamel Abdel-Aziz 不详

This review highlights therapeutic agents from recent cancer therapeutic trials showing the greatest potential for further clinical use for sunitinib in the near future. In fact, sunitinib is one of multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors;tyrosine kinases are enzymes, which transfer phosphate groups from ATP to the hydroxyl group of tyrosine residues on signal transduction molecules. Phosphorylation of signal transduction molecules, in turn, induces dramatic changes in tumor growth, including activation of angiogenesis and DNA synthesis. Therefore, sustain efforts have been directed for developing inhibitors for angiogenesis, which is the marginal process for tumor growth and development through targeting TKs. Almost if not all angiogenesis inhibitors target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway.

关键词： Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) Cytochrome P450 Enzyme (CYP3A4) Dose-Limiting toxicities (DLTs) Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) Tyrosine Kinases (TKs)

Sewage Pollution in Central India

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第10期6卷 787-796页

作者： Khageshwar Singh Patel Nohar Singh Dahariya Suryakant Chakradhari Pravin Kumar Sahu Keshaw Prakash Rajhans Shobhana Ramteke Lesia Lata Huber Milosh School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India Department of Soil Science/Geology Maria Curie-Sklodowska University Lublin Poland

Raipur is a fast growing city in central India due to being commercial centre for the steel, cement and forest products of the country. Large quantity (≈300 million lit/day) of untreated sewage waste water is discharged into seven reservoirs located in the city. Sewage carries excessive nutrients, heavy metals, organics, bacteria, yeast and fungi by leaking contents into the drinking water which cause acute health problems, ranging from common diarrhoea to deadly diseases such as hepatitis, cholera, typhoid fever, etc. Therefore, in this work, the microbial and chemical contamination of sewage waste of Raipur city, Chhattisgarh, India is described.

关键词： Nutrients Heavy Metals Microbes toxicities

Whole breast ultrafractionation radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in early breast cancer: A single-center, prospective, observational study from China

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Malignancy Spectrum 2024年第2期1卷 113-122页

作者： Rui-Zhi Zhao Cheng Huang Tian-Lan Tang Gui-Qing Shi Si-Lin Chen Yu-Ping Lin Ying Wang Liu-Qing Jiang Jin-Hua Chen Chun-Sen Xu Fang-Meng Fu Zhong-Hua Han Shun-Guo Lin Chuan Wang Yong Yang Department of Radiation Oncology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors(Fujian Medical University)Clinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian Province(DigestiveHematological and Breast Malignancies)FuzhouFujianChina Department of Follow-Up Center Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina Department of Breast Surgery Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina

Objective:This single-center,prospective,observational study was designed to investigate the toxicities,patient-reported outcome(PRO),and dosimetric analysis of whole breast ultrafractionation radiotherapy(RT)after breast-conserving surgery(BCS)in early breast cancer(BC).Patients and methods:Patients diagnosed with BC stage I,II and treated with BCS were enrolled.A dose of 26 Gray(Gy)in five fractions was prescribed to the whole breast and tumor *** endpoints included toxicities,PRO,and dosimetric *** was measured by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer general quality of life questionnaire(EORTC QLQ-C30)and the BC-specific questionnaire(EORTC QLQ-BR23)***:Between January 2022 and June 2023,62 female patients were *** median age was 45 *** patients(83.9%)were diagnosed with pathological stage I *** median planning target volume(PTV)was 456.4 *** minimum,maximum,and mean doses,and D95(dose of PTV irradiated volume more than 95%)to PTV were 20.2,28.8,27.2,and 26.3 Gy,*** median mean lung dose and percentage lung volume receiving 8 Gy(V8)were 3.6 Gy and 13.4%,*** median mean heart dose,V1.5(percentage of organ volume irradiated with 1.5 Gy or higher),and V7(percentage of organ volume irradiated with 7 Gy or higher)were 0.6 Gy,6.8%,and 0.4%,*** effects before RT showed no obvious differences compared to that post *** toxicities of grade 3 or higher *** patients had asymptomatic radiation pneumonia(grade 1),and 12 patients had radiation dermatitis(grade 1).No factor was significantly related to radiation dermatitis or radiation *** the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires,all function and symptom scores before RT had no significant differences compared with that after RT,1−2 months after RT,and 3−4 months after *** RT did not worsen *** 1-year crude local control was 100%.Conclusion:Whole br

关键词： ultrafractionation radiotherapy breast cancer breast-conserving surgery toxicities patient-reported outcome

Chimeric antigen receptor modified T-cells for cancer treatment

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慢性疾病与转化医学(英文) 2018年第4期4卷 225-243页

作者： Han Xiao Wang Yao Han Wei-Dong Molecular & Immunological Department Bio-therapeutic Department The General Hospital of People''s Liberation Army Beijing China

T cells engineered with the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) are rapidly emerging as an important immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies. The anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)19 CAR-T cell therapy has been remarkably successful against refractory/relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and a complete remission rate as high as 90% was observed, in both children and adults. Although the achievement of clinical efficacy using CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors has encountered several obstacles that were associated with the multiple mechanisms contributing to an immunosuppressive microenvironment, investigators are exploring more optimized approaches to improve the efficiency of CAR-T in solid tumors. In addition, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity following CAR-T cell therapy can be severe or even fatal; therefore, the management of these toxicities is significant. Herein, we briefly review the structure of CAR-T and some novel CAR designs, the clinical application of CAR-T cell therapies, as well as the assessment and management of toxicities.

关键词： Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell Hematologic malignancies Solid tumor toxicities

Fixed Dose Rate versus Standard Dose Rate Infusion of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Advanced Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第1期6卷 45-52页

作者： Dina A. Salem Dina R. Ibrahim Ahmed Ezzat Azza M. Adel Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Background: Comparing the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine at a fixed-dose rate (FDR) infusion (10 mg/m2/min) with the standard dose rate infusion in patients with locally advanced and metastatic non-small squamous cell carcinoma (NSCLC). Methods: The study randomized 60 patients with confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC to receive gemcitabine at a dose of 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 given as a 30-min infusion (Arm A) or at a rate of 10 mg/m2/min (Arm B). Cisplatin 75 mg/m2 was administered intravenously on day 2 in both arms. Results: No difference in overall response rate (46.6% versus 43.3%). Median time to progression for Arm A was 7 months (95% CI, 6.207 - 7.793 months), versus 6 months for Arm B (95% CI, 4.990 - 7.010 months). Median survival time was comparable [12 months (95% CI, 8.588 - 15.412 months) versus 11 months (95% CI, 9.066 - 12.934 months)] respectively. Two-year survival (18% versus 11%, p = 0.38) was detected. No treatment related deaths occurred. Main hematological toxicities were grade I and II neutropenia, in 36.7% and 53.3% respectively (p = 0.044). Grade III anemia was observed in 10% and 6.7% in both arms respectively (p = 0.024). Grade I and II nausea and vomiting was observed in 50% and 46.7%. Conclusions: FDR gemcitabine in combination with cisplatin had equivalent efficacy and more severe hematologic toxicities compared to the standard 30-min gemcitabine infusion with cisplatin in patients with advanced NSCLC.

关键词： Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Gemcitabine Fixed-Dose Rate toxicities