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Understanding wound healing in obesity

World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 22-32页

作者： Asha Cotterell Michelle Griffin Mauricio A Downer Jennifer B Parker Derrick Wan Michael T Longaker Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94301United States Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94301United States Department of Surgery Stanford University School of MedicineHagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative MedicinePalo AltoCA 94301United States

Obesity has become more prevalent in the global *** is associated with the development of several diseases including diabetes mellitus,coronary heart disease,and metabolic *** are a multitude of factors impacted by obesity that may contribute to poor wound healing *** millions worldwide classified as obese,it is imperative to understand wound healing in these *** advances in the understanding of wound healing in both healthy and diabetic populations,much is unknown about wound healing in obese *** review examines the impact of obesity on wound healing and several animal models that may be used to broaden our understanding in this *** a growing portion of the population identifies as obese,understanding the underlying mechanisms and how to overcome poor wound healing is of the utmost importance.

关键词： Obesity Wound healing Adipokines tissue fibrosis Diabetes Preclinical animal models Hypertrophic skin scarring Wound tension Metabolic syndrome

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Type 2 epithelial mesenchymal transition in vivo： truth or pitfalls？

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第18期125卷 3312-3317页

作者： XU Xue-feng DAI Hua-ping Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine Faculty of RespiratoryMedicine Capital Medical University Department of Respiratoryand Critical Care Medicine Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital CapitalMedical University China Beijing 100020

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） is a process by which fully differentiated epithelial cells undergo a phenotypic conversion and assume a mesenchymal cell phenotype, including elongated morphology, enhanced migratory and invasiveness capacity, and greatly increased production of extracellular matrix （ECM） components. The EMTs associated with wound healing, tissue regeneration, and organ fibrosis are termed as type 2 EMT. Over the past two decades, emerging evidence suggested that injured epithelial cells, via type 2 EMT, may serve as important sources of fibroblasts and contribute to organ fibrosis, such as kidney, liver, lung and eyes. There is perhaps no doubt that adult epithelial cells can undergo EMT in vitro in response to transforming growth factor （TGF）-131 and other inflammatory or pro-fibrotic stimuli. However, whether type 2 EMT really occurs in vivo, whethers it is actually a source of functional and activated interstitial fibroblasts and whether it contributes to tissue fibrosis have already been the subjects of heated debate. In this review, we will describe the main features of EMT, the major findings of type 2 EMT in vitro, the evidences for and against type 2 EMT in vivo and discuss the heterogeneity and pitfalls of the techniques used to detect EMT during fibrotic diseases. We suggest that in order to ascertain the existence of type 2 EMT in vivo, different proper phenotype markers of epithelial and mesenchymal cells should be jointly used and cell lineage tracking techniques should be standardized and avoid false positives. Finally, we believe that if EMT really occurs and contributes to tissue fibrosis, efforts should be made to block or reverse EMT to attenuate fibrotic process.

关键词： epithelial mesenchymal transition tissue fibrosis fibroblast

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