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Simulation of the landform change process on a purple soil slope due to tillage erosion and water erosion using UAV technology

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第6期17卷 1333-1344页

作者： YANG Chao SU Zheng-an FAN Jian-rong FANG Hai-dong SHI Liang-tao ZHANG Jian-hui HE Zhou-yao ZHOU Tao WANG Xiao-yi Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Research Center for Digital Mountain and Remote Sensing Application Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Institute of Tropical Eco-agriculture Sciences Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesYuanmou 651300China Forestry College Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Both tillage erosion and water erosion are severe erosional forms that occur widely on sloping agricultural ***,previous studies have rarely considered the process of landform change due to continuous simulation experiments of alternating tillage erosion and water *** identify such changes,we applied a scouring experiment(at a 60 L min-1 water discharge rate based on precipitation data from the local meteorological station and the catchment area in the Yuanmou County,Yunnan Province,China)and a series of simulated tillage experiments where plots were consecutively tilled 5,10,and 15 times in rotation(representing 5 yr,10 yr,and 15 yr of tillage)at slope gradients of 5°,10°,and 20°.Close-range photogrammetry(CRP)employing an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and a real-time kinematic global positioning system(RTK-GPS)was used to measure landform changes,and highresolution digital elevation models(DEMs)were generated to calculate net soil loss ***,the CRP was determined to be accurate and applicable through the use of erosion *** average tillage erosion rates were 69.85,131.45,and 155.34 t·hm-2·tillage pass-1,and the average water erosion rates were 1892.52,2961.76,and 4405.93 t·hm-2·h-1 for the 5°,10°,and 20°sloping farmland plots,*** water erosion rates increased as tillage intensity increased,indicating that tillage erosion accelerates water *** these intensive tillage treatments,slope gradients gradually decreased,while the trend in slope gradients increased in runoff plots at the conclusion of the scouring *** to the original plots(prior to our experiments),interactions between tillage and water erosion caused no obvious change in the landform structure of the runoff plots,while the height of all the runoff plots *** findings showed that both tillage erosion and water erosion caused a pseudo-steady-state landform evolutionary mechanism and resulted in thin soil layers on cultivat

关键词： Landform change tillage erosion Water erosion Close range photogrammetry erosion pins Runoff plot

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Effect of Soil erosion on Soil Properties and Crop Yields on Slopes in the Sichuan Basin,China

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 736-746页

作者： SU Zheng-An ZHANG Jian-Hui NIE Xiao-Jun Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy Chengdu 610041 (China) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China)

Roles of tillage erosion and water erosion in the development of within-field spatial variation of surface soil properties and soil degradation and their contributions to the reduction of crop yields were studied on three linear slopes in the Sichuan Basin,southwestern *** erosion was found to be the dominant erosion process at upper slope positions of each linear slope and on the whole short slope (20 m).On the long slope (110 m) and medium slope (40 m),water erosion was the dominant erosion *** organic matter and soil nutrients in the tillage layer were significantly related to slope length and 137 Cs inventories on the long slope; however,there was no significant correlation among them on the short slope,suggesting that water erosion lowered soil quality by transporting SOM and surface soil nutrients selectively from the upper to lower slope positions,while tillage erosion transported soil materials *** the medium slope,SOM,total N,and available N in the tillage layer were correlated with slope length and the other properties were distributed evenly on the slope,indicating that water erosion on this slope was still the dominant soil redistribution *** patterns were found for the responses of grain yield,aboveground biomass,and harvest index for *** results indicated that tillage erosion was a major cause for soil degradation and grain yield reduction on the linear slopes because it resulted in displacement of the tillage layer soil required for maintaining soil quality and plant growth.

关键词： 1376s inventory linear slope soil degradation tillage erosion water erosion

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Soil Enzyme Activities on Eroded Slopes in the Sichuan Basin, China

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 489-500页

作者： NIE Xiaojun ZHANG Jianhui GAO Han Land Research Integrated Monitoring and Sustainable Utilization in Central China Field Science Observation & Research Base of the Ministry of Land and Resources of China School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Determining how soil erosion affects enzyme activity may enhance our understanding of soil degradation on eroded agricultural landscapes. This study assessed the changes in enzyme activity with slope position and erosion type by selecting water and tillage erosion-dominated slopes and performing analyses using the 1376s technique. The 137Cs data revealed that soil loss occurred in the upper section of the two eroded slope types, while soil accumulation occurred in the lower section. The invertase activity increased downslope and exhibited a pattern similar to the 137Cs data. The spatial patterns of urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were similar to the 137Cs inventories on the water and tillage erosion-dominated slopes, respectively. On both the eroded slope types, the invertase activity and soil organic carbon content were correlated, but no correlation was observed between the alkaline phosphatase activity and total phosphorus content. Nevertheless, the urease activity was correlated with the total nitrogen content only on the water erosion-dominated slopes. The enzyme activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratios indicated high activities of invertase and urease but low activity of phosphatase on the water erosion-dominated slopes compared with the tillage erosion-dominated slopes. Both the invertase activity and the invertase activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratio varied with the slope position. Changes in the urease activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratio were significantly affected by the erosion type. These suggested that the dynamics of the invertase activity were linked to soil redistribution on the two eroded slope types, whereas the dynamics of the urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were associated with soil redistribution only on the water or tillage erosion-dominated slopes, respectively. The erosion type had an obvious effect on the activities of invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase. Soil redistribution might influence the in

关键词： 137Cs technique microbial biomass C N cycle P cycle soil organic C soil redistribution tillage erosion water erosion

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