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Bowen Ratio Energy Balance Measurement of Carbon Dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) Fluxes of No-till and Conventional tillage Agriculture in Lesotho

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2014年第3期4卷 87-97页

作者： Deb O’Dell Thomas J. Sauer Bruce B. Hicks Dayton M. Lambert David R. Smith Wendy Bruns August Basson Makoala V. Marake Forbes Walker Michael D. Wilcox Jr. Neal Samuel Eash Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics University of Tennessee Knoxville USA Institute of Agriculture University of Tennessee Knoxville USA KEL Growing Nations Trust Mohaleshoek Lesotho MetCorps Norris USA United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service (ARS) Ames USA Purdue University West Lafayette USA

Global food demand requires that soils be used intensively for agriculture, but how these soils are managed greatly impacts soil fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2). Soil management practices can cause carbon to be either sequestered or emitted, with corresponding uncertain influence on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The situation is further complicated by the lack of CO2 flux measurements for African subsistence farms. For widespread application in remote areas, a simple experimental methodology is desired. As a first step, the present study investigated the use of Bowen Ratio Energy Balance (BREB) instrumentation to measure the energy balance and CO2 fluxes of two contrasting crop management systems, till and no-till, in the lowlands within the mountains of Lesotho. Two BREB micrometeorological systems were established on 100-m by 100-m sites, both planted with maize (Zea mays) but under either conventional (plow, disk-disk) or no-till soil mangement systems. The results demonstrate that with careful maintenance of the instruments by appropriately trained local personnel, the BREB approach offers substantial benefits in measuring real time changes in agroecosystem CO2 flux. The periods where the two treatments could be compared indicated greater CO2 sequestration over the no-till treatments during both the growing and non-growing seasons.

关键词： CO2 Flux CO2 Emissions Soil Soil Carbon tillage till No-till Bowen Ratio Micrometeorology Agriculture Climate Change Lesotho Africa

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till(until)从句的时态问题

解放军外国语学院学报 1981年第3期 51-52页

作者：周海中

本文拟就 till (until)引起的时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态问题,谈点自己粗浅的看法。我们知道由 till (until)引起的状语从句只能表示时间的一点,不能表示一段的时间。同时,till (until)的用法具有正反两个方面的涵义:一是当从句的动... 详细信息

本文拟就 till (until)引起的时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态问题,谈点自己粗浅的看法。我们知道由 till (until)引起的状语从句只能表示时间的一点,不能表示一段的时间。同时,till (until)的用法具有正反两个方面的涵义:一是当从句的动作(状

关键词：从句谓语动词分句 till until

till Morning Comes汉译之比较与分析

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广东外语外贸大学学报 2013年第2期24卷 79-83页

作者：张明爱南京工程学院南京211167

高标准的文学翻译应当是在忠实于原文的前提下,使译文尽可能精美雅致,让读者体会到文学的价值并获得美的享受。本文以该标准为基础,对韩素音的著名小说till Morning Comes的三种版本的译文做了比较,分析了译文中某些有待商榷的地方,阐... 详细信息

高标准的文学翻译应当是在忠实于原文的前提下,使译文尽可能精美雅致,让读者体会到文学的价值并获得美的享受。本文以该标准为基础,对韩素音的著名小说till Morning Comes的三种版本的译文做了比较,分析了译文中某些有待商榷的地方,阐述了对于译文处理的观点和建议。

关键词： till Morning Comes 汉译比较分析

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关于英语中till及until的用法问题

中山大学学报(社会科学版) 1987年第4期 90-96+129页

作者：周海中

英语中,till与until同义,它们既可以作介词用又可以作连词用.对于这两个词的用法问题,英语语法书和词典一般都提及.但我觉得还不够全面和深入,同时还存在一些与语言事实不符的观点.因此,本文试图对till及until的用法问题作进一步的研讨... 详细信息

英语中,till与until同义,它们既可以作介词用又可以作连词用.对于这两个词的用法问题,英语语法书和词典一般都提及.但我觉得还不够全面和深入,同时还存在一些与语言事实不符的观点.因此,本文试图对till及until的用法问题作进一步的研讨,并对夸克教授等人之说提出一些看法.

关键词：状语从句延续性动词英语 till until 主句分句谓语动词语法书句子现在分词短语

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until,till的用法

中学教与学 2004年第3期 28-29页

作者：吕彬贵州省威宁县民族中学 553100

until与till的意思和用法相同,两者既是介词又是连词.但在句子开头时要用until,till则多用于口语中.使用时应该注意下面两点.

关键词： until till 介词连词初中英语语法

谈谈till(UNTIL)的使用和翻译(下)

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外国语 1978年第2期 15-20页

作者：侯维瑞

Ⅳ.用对用好精益求精till(Until)用法的一般规律说明,正确使用till(until)的关键在于谓语动词表示的动作或状态与till(until)引起的状语在时间概念上的协调呼应。要进一步更好地使用till(until)也与这一点密切有关。中国学生在初学阶段... 详细信息

Ⅳ.用对用好精益求精till(Until)用法的一般规律说明,正确使用till(until)的关键在于谓语动词表示的动作或状态与till(until)引起的状语在时间概念上的协调呼应。要进一步更好地使用till(until)也与这一点密切有关。中国学生在初学阶段,甚至在稍后阶段,由于没有注意这两方面的充分配合,往往会造出象以下这样的句子:

关键词：翻译状语动词修饰语谓语动词 till UNTIL 句法结构句子结构译文否定形式

unlil、till、not until一点通

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英语辅导（高中年级） 2002年第3期 16-17页

作者：胡亚萍江苏东如市富安中学

不少同学常对unlil、till和not until混淆不清。如常容易说：Tom said he would come till/until supper time，（汤姆说他要到晚饭时才来。）这是一个错句，而应该说：Tom said he would not come until/till supper time，为此，本文... 详细信息

不少同学常对unlil、till和not until混淆不清。如常容易说：Tom said he would come till/until supper time，（汤姆说他要到晚饭时才来。）这是一个错句，而应该说：Tom said he would not come until/till supper time，为此，本文特将它们区别如下：

关键词： unlil till “not until” 高中英语词语辨析用法

Compression characteristics of saturated re-compacted glacial tills in Tianmo Gully of Tibet, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第7期16卷 1661-1674页

作者： CHEN Lei-lei ZHOU Gordon G.D MU Qing-yi CUI Kahlil Fredrick SONG Dong-ri Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Glacial tills are highly compressible soils composed of loosely cemented sandy silt *** role,for instance,as initial filler materials in geo-technical projects along temperate glacier regions warrant a systematic evaluation of their compressive *** such,we carry out a series of onedimensional compression tests on re-compacted glacial till samples obtained from Tianmo Gully,Tibet,with the aims of evaluating their compressive behavior under controlled initial stress *** yield stress was determined from the void ratio versus consolidation pressure(e-log)*** compression and swelling behaviors were observed during the primary and secondary compressions of the consolidation *** the compression curves,a correlation can be found between the consolidation stress and the void *** addition,we find that the compression curves of glacial tills collapse into a single curve when normalized by the compression *** experimental results in this study provide a basic understanding of the compression characteristics of the glacial tills in Tibet,China.

关键词： Glacial till Compression characteristics One-dimensional consolidation tests Consolidation stress Compression curve

AMS dating on glacial tills at the source area of the Urumqi River in the Tianshan Mountains and its implications

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第20期43卷 1749-1751页

作者： Chaolu Yi Kexing Liu Zhijiu Cui Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geodesy & Geophys Dept Environm Sci & Land Use Wuhan 430077 Peoples R China Peking Univ Dept Geog Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Peking Univ Dept Tech Phys Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Using accelerating mass spectrometry (AMS) dating method, a dating has been made on the primary calcium carbonate in tills and secondary calcium carbonate coating on till gravel and the roche moutonnee formed since the Last Glaciation at the source area of the Urumqi River valley in the Tianshan Mountains, northwestern China. The results reveal that the carbonate content in the tills in this noncarbonate area is high enough to date by AMS, that the carbon in the coatings on the newly exposed roche moutons and in the modern till is modern carbon and so the 14 C dating results in the ancient till can represent the actual ages of the till formation, and that the warm period during the Holocene began as early as 6 500 a B.P. and lasted to 1 800 a B.P.

关键词： AMS dating glacial till Tianshan Mountains.