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Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple,geologically variable stressors

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第10期3卷 22-38页

作者： M.Mitchell J.Herman D.M.Bilkovic C.Hershner Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William&MaryGloucester PointVAUSA

Introduction:Marshes contribute to habitat and water quality in estuaries and coastal *** importance to continued ecosystem functioning has led to concerns about their ***:Concurrent with sea-level rise,marshes are eroding and appear to be disappearing through ponding in their interior;in addition,in many places,they are being replaced with shoreline stabilization *** examined the changes in marsh extent over the past 40 years within a subestuary of Chesapeake Bay,the largest estuary in the United States,to better understand the effects of sea-level rise and human pressure on marsh ***:Approximately 30 years ago,an inventory of York River estuary marshes documented the historic extent of *** were resurveyed in 2010 to examine shifts in tidal marsh extent and *** change varied spatially along the estuary,with watershed changes between a 32%loss and an 11%gain in marsh *** of marsh was apparent in high energy sections of the estuary while there was marsh gain in the upper/riverine section of the estuary and where forested hummocks on marsh islands have become *** showed little change in the small tributary creeks,except in the creeks dominated by fringing marshes and high shoreline ***:Differential resilience to sea-level rise and spatial variations in erosion,sediment supply,and human development have resulted in spatially variable changes in specific marsh extents and are predicted to lead to a redistribution of marshes along the estuarine gradient,with consequences for their unique communities.

关键词： Chesapeake Bay climate change coastal resilience marsh change salt marsh sea-level rise tidal wetlands

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