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Recent advances in thermochemical conversion of woody biomass for production of green hydrogen and CO_(2)capture:A review

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第4期8卷 319-332页

作者： Shusheng Pang Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China Henan Centre for Outstanding Overseas Scientists School of Chemical Engineering and EnergyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Hydrogen as a clean energy carrier has attracted great interests world-wide for substitution of fossil fuels and for abatement of the climate change ***,green hydrogen from renewable resources is less than 0.1%at present in the world hydrogen production and this is largely from water electrolysis which is beneficial only when renewable electricity is *** production from diverse renewable resources is *** review presents recent advances in hydrogen production from woody biomass through biomass steam gasification,producer gas processing and H_(2)/CO_(2)*** producer gas processing includes steam-methane reforming(SMR)and water-gas shift(WGS)reactions to convert CH_(4)and CO in the producer gas to H_(2)and CO_(2).The H_(2)storage discussed using liquid carrier through hydrogenation is also *** CO_(2)capture prior to the SMR is investigated to enhance H_(2)yield in the SMR and the WGS reactions.

关键词： Woody biomass Green hydrogen thermochemical conversion CO_(2)capture Gas processing Hydrogenation

A sustainable thermochemical conversion of animal biomass to N-heterocycles

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Collagen and Leather 2023年第2期5卷 108-118页

作者： Yang Tang Xiao Xiao Chaojun Zhang Xiaoling Wang Junling Guo Xuepin Liao BMI Center for Biomass Materials and Nanointerfaces College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina National Engineering Laboratory of Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina Bioproducts Institute Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringDepartment of Chemistryand Department of Wood ScienceThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

The production of high-valued organonitrogen chemicals,especially N-heterocycles,requires artificial N_(2)fixation accompanied by the consumption of fossil *** avoid the use of these energy-and resource-intensive processes,we develop a sustainable strategy to convert nitrogen-rich animal biomass into N-heterocycles through a thermochemical conversion process(TCP)under atmospheric pressure.A high percentage of N-heterocycles(87.51%)were obtained after the TCP of bovine skin due to the abundance of nitrogen-containing amino acids(e.g.,glycine,proline,and L-hydroxyproline).Animal biomass with more diverse amino acid composition(e.g.,muscles)yielded higher concentrations of amines/amides and nitriles after *** addition,by introducing catalysts(KOH for pyrrole and Al_(2)O_(3)for cyclo-Gly-Pro)to TCP,the production quantities of pyrrole and cyclo-Gly-Pro increased to 30.79 mg g^(-1)and 38.88 mg g^(-1),*** approach can be used to convert the significant animal biomass waste generated annually from animal culls into valued organonitrogen chemicals while circumventing NH3-dependent and petro-chemical-dependent synthesis routes.

关键词： Animal biomass N-heterocycles Nitrogen fixation Nitrogenous chemicals thermochemical conversion

Gasification kinetics of char formed from waste polyvinyl chloride for efficient utilization in ironmaking process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第10期29卷 1535-1544页

作者： Guang Wang Hong-qiang Zhang Jing-song Wang Qing-guo Xue State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

In the prevailing incineration processes of municipal solid waste,the presence of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)may cause environmental *** energy-intensive ironmaking sector in the iron and steel industry operates at high temperature and under high reduction potential with the function of energy conversion,which can provide a potential path for the collaborative utilization of waste plastics in large quantities and low *** gasification of the char formed from PVC when processed in the ironmaking sector is significant for the development of the related ***,the gasification experiment of PVC char and traditional carbonaceous materials was performed by thermogravimetric *** results indicated that the gasification ability decreased in the sequence of PVC char>anthracite coal>coke>***,kinetics were also analyzed by Coats-Redfern and Doyle *** PVC char showed the best gasification ability with the smallest activation energy,ranging from 87.18 to 117.52 kJ/mol,and the smaller graphitization degree of PVC char compared with other carbonaceous materials should be the main reason for its excellent gasification reactivity.

关键词： Polyvinyl chloride(PVC) thermochemical conversion Ironmaking Char Gasification

Plastic crisis underscores need for alternative sustainable-renewable materials

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第3期7卷 145-147页

作者： Su Shiung Lam Changlei Xia Christian Sonne Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Academy of Sciences Malaysia Young Scientists NetworkTop Research Scientists Malaysia(TRSM)Kuala Lumpur 50480Malaysia Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Ecoscience Faculty of Technological SciencesAarhus UniversityRoskilde DK-4000Denmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India

The current global plastic crisis is triggered by several factors including increased costs of petrochemical feedstock and Covid-19 disruption of the transport sector(Yuan et al.,2021).This disruption of world-wide supply chains of polyethylene,polypropylene and other petroleum-based hydrocarbon chemicals has significantly increased shortage and prices of plastics in for example Europe over the last year,hence calling for sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics(WMW,2021,European Plastic Manufacturers sound the Alarm Bell on Supply Chain Disruption,Waste Management World.).This is critical due to extensive use of the non-biodegradable personal protective equipment(PPE)masks in the current pandemic,which might be even worse than the shortage of polyolefins at the moment(Deng et al.,2022).

关键词： Plastic Sustainable material Green chemistry Waste thermochemical conversion

Recent application of biochar on the catalytic biorefinery and environmental processes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第12期30卷 2147-2150页

作者： Hyung Won Lee Heejin Lee Young-Min Kim Rae-su Park Young-Kwon Park School of Environmental Engineering University of SeoulSeoul 02504Republic of Korea Department of Environmental Engineering Daegu UniversityGyeongsan 38452Republic of Korea Department of Bioenvironmental&Chemical Engineering Chosun College of Science&TechnologyGwangju 61453Republic of Korea

Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and environment-friendly source for renewable energy *** value and application of biochar,which is obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass,is increasing rapidly because of its high carbon content and *** property of biochar,such as surface area,porosity,and number of functional groups,can be improved by controlling the conditions of biomass conversion,biochar activation,and functionalization *** production and activation of biochar as well as its potential use for soil remediation,pollutant adsorption,and biorefinery have been reviewed extensively over recent *** paper provides a conceptual approach for biochar production and activation together with its application as a catalyst for biorefineries and the removal of environmental contaminants.

关键词： Biomass thermochemical conversion Biochar Activation Catalyst

Liquefaction of Kraft Lignin at Atmospheric Pressure

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第6期7卷 527-534页

作者： Silvia Helena Fuentes da Silva Patricia Soares Bilhalva dos Santos Darci Alberto Gatto Maria Angeles Andres Itziar Egüés Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department University of Basque CountryPlaza Europa 120018Donostia-San SebastiánSpain Faculty of Forestry Engineering Federal University of ParáC.JoséPorfirio2515AltamiraBrazil College of Material Engineering(PPGCEM) Federal University of PelotasBrazil

Kraft lignin was liquefied using polyethylene glycol#400(PEG)and glycerol(G)in a weight ratio of 80/20(w/w)and sulphuric acid(SA)as catalyst under atmospheric pressure at 160º*** three independent variables:reaction time(60,80 and 100 min),percentage of lignin(15,20 and 25%,w/w),and catalyst concentration(0,3 and 6%,w/w),were varied resulting in 27 experimental *** effect of these reaction conditions on the properties of the polyols was *** statistical analysis showed that only“the percentage of lignin”did not influence the properties of the liquefied products,however,reaction time and catalyst load were important *** resulting liquefied products were characterized by FTIR analysis.

关键词： Biopolyols Kraft lignin liquefaction renewable resource thermochemical conversion

Influence of Ca(OH)_(2) on ash melting behaviour of woody biomass

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Carbon Resources conversion 2021年第1期4卷 84-88页

作者： J.Hrbek C.Oberndorfer P.Zanzinger C.Pfeifer University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaAustria

Woody biomass is a renewable source offering high potential for production of bio-fuels,-chemicals *** the outdoor storage of biomass biodegradation processes take place,which leads to mass reduction up to 30 wt%.To avoid these mass losses,the biomass was mixed with Ca(OH)_(2) in different *** ensure,that this additive does not negatively influence further thermo-chemical conversion of biomass(*** fluidized bed combustion),the spruce and poplar ash with and without additive was tested using ash melting *** was demonstrated that all the characteristic temperatures(DT,HT,FT)were significantly higher than the thermo-chemical conversion process temperatures in a fluidized *** it could be pointed out that the addition of Ca(OH)_(2) does not negatively influence ash melting behaviour,ash melting temperature respectively.

关键词： Ash melting behaviour Additives thermochemical conversion Biomass

Size matters:small distributed biomass energy production systems for economic viability

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2008年第1期1卷 64-68页

作者： Roger Ruan Paul Chen Richard Hemmingsen Vance Morey Doug Tiffany Center for Biorefining Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota1390 Eckles AvenueSt.PaulMN 55108USA Initiative for Renewable Energy and Environment(IREE) University of Minnesota Department of Applied Economics University of Minnesota.

Current large scale biomass energy production systems including cellulosic ethanol,gasification,and pyrolysis facilities face significant technical and economic *** with these large scale systems,small distributed biomass energy production systems(DBEPS)are believed to offer advantages including lower capital costs,lower feedstock costs,simplified transportation and logistics and higher returns for biomass *** compliant technologies are expected to make utilization of regional biomass supplies practical and economically viable in the *** paper presents arguments on the need and importance of DBEPS,available DBEPS options,and an economic scenario of DBEPS implementation on an average size farm in the US.

关键词： renewable energy biomass biorefining pyrolysis thermochemical conversion