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thermal pretreatment of willow branches impacts yield and pore development of activated carbon in subsequent activation with ZnCl_(2) via modifying cellulose structure

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 227-237页

作者： Linghui Kong Chao Li Runxing Sun Shu Zhang Yi Wang Jun Xiang Song Hu Dong Wang Chuanjun Leng Xun Hu School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Shandong BASAN Graphite New Material Plant Zibo 255311China

Development of pore structures of activated carbon(AC)from activation of biomass with ZnCl_(2) relies on content and structure of cellulose/hemicellulose in the *** pretreatment of biomass could induce dehydration and/or aromatization to change the structure of cellulose/*** might interfere with evolution of structures of AC,which was investigated herein via thermal pretreatment of willow branch(WB)from 200 to 360℃and the subsequent activation with ZnCl_(2) at 550℃.The results showed that thermal pretreatment at 360℃(WB-360)could lead to substantial pyrolysis to form biochar,with a yield of 31.9%,accompanying with nearly complete destruction of cellulose crystals and remarkably enhanced aromatic ***,cellulose residual in WB-360 could still be activated to form AC-360 with specific surface area of 1837.9 m~2·g^(-1),which was lower than that in AC from activation of untreated WB(AC-blank,2077.8 m~2·g^(-1)).Nonetheless,the AC-200 from activation of WB-200 had more developed pores(2113.9 m~2·g^(-1))and superior capability for adsorption of phenol,due to increased permeability of ZnCl_(2) to the largely intact cellulose structure in *** thermal pretreatment did increase diameters of micropores of AC but reduced the overall yield of AC(26.8%for AC-blank versus 18.0%for AC-360),resulting from accelerated cracking but reduced intensity of ***-situ infrared characterization of the activation showed that ZnCl_(2) mainly catalyzed dehydration,dehydrogenation,condensation,and aromatization but not cracking,suppressing the formation of derivatives of cellulose and lignin in *** thermal pretreatment formed phenolic-OH and C=O with higher chemical innerness,which changed the reaction network in activation,shifting morphology of fibrous structures in AC-blank to“melting surface”in AC-200 or AC-280.

关键词： thermal pretreatment Activation with ZnCl_(2) Willow branch Activated carbon Biochar

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Effect of thermal pretreatment on the surface structure of PtSn/SiO2 catalyst and its performance in acetic acid hydrogenation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 417-424页

作者： Guozhen Xu Jian Zhang Shengping Wang Yujun Zhao Xinbin Ma Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

The effect of thermal pretreatment on the active sites and catalytic performances of PtSn/SiO2 catalyst in acetic acid （AcOH） hydrogenation was investigated in this article. The catalysts were characterized by N2 physical adsorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, pyridine Fourier-transform infrared spectra, and H2-O2 titration on its physicochemical properties. The results showed that Pt species were formed primarily in crystalline structure and no PtSnx alloy was observed. Meanwhile, with the increment of thermal pretreatrnent temperature, Pt dispersion showed a decreas- ing trend due to the aggregation of Pt particles. Simultaneously, the amount of Lewis acid sites was remarkably influenced by such thermal pretreatment owning to the consequent physicochemical property variation of Sn species. Interestingly, the catalytic activity showed the similar variation trend with that of Lewis acid sites, confirming the important roles of Lewis acid sites in AcOH hydrogenation. Moreover, a balancing effect between exposed Pt and Lewis acid sites was obtained, resulting in the superior catalytic performance in AcOH hydrogenation.

关键词： thermal pretreatment acetic acid hydrogenation ethanol PtSn/SiO2

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Surface modification of ilmenite and its accompanied gangue minerals by thermal pretreatment:Application in flotation process

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2021年第9期31卷 2836-2851页

作者： Akbar MEHDILO Mehdi IRANNAJAD Faculty of Engineering University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran

The effect of conventional thermal pretreatment on the surface properties of ilmenite and its accompanied gangue minerals was investigated using flotation experiments(microflotation and laboratory cell flotation),XRD,XPS and FT-IR analysis and zeta potential and contact angle *** treatment at 600℃ for 25 min as optimal condition,the floatability of ilmenite is improved from 73.5%to 91%at a pH value of *** demonstrated by XRD and XPS analysis,under this pretreatment condition,the Fe^(3+)content increases by almost 16.5%without any phase decomposition and structural changes in ***-IR analysis and contact angle and zeta potential measurements give evidences that the improvement of ilmenite floatability can be related to the enhancement of collector adsorption and the formation of a more insoluble hydrophobic layer of ferric iron *** ore flotation experiments show that the thermal pretreatment process without making a significant change in TiO2 content of ilmenite concentrate enhances the TiO2 recovery from 65.4%to 73.7%.

关键词： ilmenite thermal pretreatment flotation zeta potential sodium oleate

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Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第8期17卷 1051-1064页

作者： Linghong Yin Zizhu Zhao Meng Han Wangda Qu Laboratory of Lignin-Based Materials College of Life SciencesQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

This research is a follow-up to our recent discovery of a facile strategy for directly converting lignin powder into carbon *** this work,we report that the thermal pretreatment parameters in air can remarkably influence the formation and properties of the derived carbon *** pretreatment parameters(heating rate,temperature,and residence time)were systematically investigated and a conversion mechanism into carbon foam was *** the thermal pretreatment,relatively low temperatures,low heating rates,and short residence time hindered the formation of smooth and well-connected structures in the carbon *** overall product yields were similar regardless of the thermal pretreatment *** densities of the different carbon foams ranged 0.27–0.83 g∙cm^(−3).The carbon foams with the highest compressive strengths(>10 MPa)were KLPC280-2-5,KLPC300-0-5,and ***280-2-5 exhibited a high iodine sorption value(182 mg∙g^(−1)).KLPC300-2-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 158 F∙g^(−1) at a current density of 0.05 A∙g^(−1).The maximum evaporation rates in the solar vapor generation experiments were 1.05 and 1.38 kg∙m^(−2)∙h^(−1) under 100 and 150 mW∙cm^(−2) irradiation,*** good performances are attributed to the robust,porous,and continuous structure.

关键词： lignin carbon foam thermal pretreatment solar vapor generation

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Characterization of Energy_Transduction in thermal Pretreated Chloroplast from Spinach

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2001年第1期43卷 29-35页

作者：彭建新万常照邹永龙陈根云钱月琴袁勤王国强中国科学院上海植物生理研究所上海200032 上海市农业科学研究院作物研究所上海201160

Characterization of energy-transduction on die chloroplast thylakoid membranes from spinach (Spinacia oleracca L.) after thermal pretreatment was investigated. The related reactions of energy-transduction in chloroplasts were seriously affected by thermal pretreatment. The results were obtained as following: (1) The rate of cyclic photophosphorylation declined when the pretreatment temperature increased in the range of 25 to 45 degreesC. (2) The thermal pretreatment led to a decrease of the activity of thylakoid membrane-bounded ATPase. (3) Proton uptake of chloroplasts acid the fluorescence quenching of 9-aminoacridine (9-AA) in thylakoid membrane decreased after the thermal pretreatment, but addition of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) could partially restore the fluorescence quenching of 9-AA. (4) Both the rates of fast phase in electrochroism absorption change at 515 nm and the millisecond delayed light emission (ms-DLE) of chloroplast showed a progressive decrease upon raising the temperature of pretreatment. (5) Immunbloting analysis showed that the thermal pretreatment caused the changes of protein content and the electrophoresis mobility of thylakoid membrane-bound ATPase and its alpha -subunit. (6) If the temperature of pretreatment were higher than 33 degreesC, oxygen uptake of PS I -mediated in the samples was rapidly inhibited, but addition of sinapine into the reaction medium could partially restore the ability of oxygen uptake in the samples. These results are briefly discussed in relation to the change of permeability of thylakoid membranes, the dissociation of coupling factor complex as well as accumulation of the radicals in the thylakoid membranes after thermal pretreatment.

关键词： Spinacia oleracea chloroplast thermal pretreatment energy-transduction permeability of thylakoid membranes coupling factor complex

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