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Molecular diversity of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV from China and the czech republic

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第11期19卷 2736-2745页

作者： May Oo KHINE Brozenka MICHAELA LIU Yan Jiban Kumar KUNDU WANG Xi-feng State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health Crop Research InstitutePraha 16106Czech Republic

Wheat yellow dwarf disease(BYD),caused by different species of barley/cereal yellow dwarf viruses(B/CYDVs),is one of the most serious cereal diseases in China and the czech *** genetic diversity of the virus directly influences disease epidemiology,the molecular diversity and population structure of 24 Chinese isolates and 16 the czech republic isolates of BYDV-PAV from different regions in two countries were analyzed by sequencing their coat protein(CP)and readthrough protein(RTP)domain(RTD)genes and comparing the sequences with six CP and 16 RTP sequences of BYDVPAV isolates from the NCBI database based on nucleotide identity position,phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide *** identities between the Chinese and the czech republic isolates for the CP were 76.6–99.4%,73.9–89.1%for RTD(ORF5),*** Chinese and the other country isolates showed 74.7–99.2%nucleotide identity for RTP(ORF3+ORF5).Phylogenetic analysis of CP sequences showed that 20 Chinese isolates clustered in the same clade,but the other four Chinese isolates clustered in another clade with the isolates from the czech republic and other *** population of BYDV-PAV in China had greater nucleotide variability and was more divergent than that in the czech *** and ecological factors but not hosts might contribute to the population differences in the two countries.

关键词： barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV coat protein(CP) readthrough protein(RTP) phylogeny genetic diversity China the czech republic

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Typology and Dynamics of Financial-Industrial Groups Operating in the czech republic and Slovakia

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Chinese Business Review 2013年第1期12卷 1-13页

作者： Danes BRZICA Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovak Republic

The contribution of this paper is threefold. Firstly, it develops a typology of corporate group development in terms of the pattern of corporate group formation in the czech republic and Slovakia. It identifies briefly three important types of corporate groups--industrial groups （type I groups）, pyramid-like （type II） groups, and financial （type IIl or FIGs） groups. Using original typology for corporate groups, the paper examines development trajectory of some of the biggest FIGs and shows what effects their existence have in the two economies. Finally, some lessons resulting from this corporate group-related type of ownership concentration for other pre-transitive countries are mentioned.

关键词： financial-industrial groups the czech republic Slovakia restructuring corporate governance

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Monetary Model of Exchange Rate Determination： Evidence From the czech republic, Hungary, and Poland

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2014年第1期10卷 97-103页

作者： Victor Shevchuk Cracow University of Technology Cracow Poland

Using a monetary model of exchange rate determination that suggests a strong link between the nominal exchange rate and a set of monetary fundamentals, exchange rate dynamics for the czech republic, Hungary, and Poland is studied. As the cointegration relationship among exchange rate, output, and the monetary fundamentals （money supply and interest rate） is found, vector autoregressions （VAR）/vector error-correction （VEC） and two-stage least squares （2SLS） error-correction models are used in this context, since both approaches allow estimating short-run correlations between exchange rates and fundamentals while taking into account the existent long-run exchange rate constraints. Based on the quarterly data for the period of 1998-2012, it is found that for all countries, an increase in the money supply, domestic output slowdown, or stronger growth abroad are factors behind a nominal exchange rate depreciation, just as predicted by the monetary model of exchange rate. However, the effects of domestic-foreign interest rate differential are quite heterogeneous, being in line with theoretical predictions of a standard monetary model for Poland only. According to the decomposition of variance, money supply and interest rates account for 30%-46% of the exchange rate variation in the czech republic, from 10% to 14% in Hungary, and from 23% to 42% in Poland.

关键词： monetary model of exchange rate the czech republic Hungary' Poland error-correction models

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