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The Langjiexue Group is an in situ sedimentary sequence rather than an exotic block: Constraints from coeval Upper Triassic strata of the tethys Himalaya(Qulonggongba Formation)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第5期62卷 783-797页

作者： Zhongyu MENG Jiangang WANG Weiqiang JI Hao ZHANG Fuyuan WU Eduardo GARZANTI Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Provenance Studies Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Università di Milano-Bicocca

The Upper Triassic Langjiexue Group in southeastern Tibet has long been an enigmatic geological unit. It belongs tectonically to the northern tethys Himalayan zone, but provenance signatures of the detritus it contains are significantly different from those of typical tethys Himalayan sandstones. Because the Langjiexue Group is everywhere in fault contact with tethys Himalayan strata, its original paleogeographic position has remained controversial for a long time. According to some researchers, the Langjiexue Group was deposited onto the northern edge of the Indian passive continental margin, whereas others interpreted it as an independent block accreted to the northern Indian margin only during final India-Asia convergence and collision in the Paleocene. This study compares the Langjiexue Group and coeval Upper Triassic strata of the southern tethys Himalayan zone(Qulonggongba Formation). Our new provenance data indicate that Qulonggongba Formation sandstones contain common felsic volcanic rock fragments, minor plagioclase, and euhedral to subhedral zircon grains yielding Late Paleozoic to Triassic ages. These provenance features compare well with those of the Langjiexue Group. Because the Qulonggongba Formation certainly belongs to the tethys Himalayan zone, the provenance similarity with the Langjiexue Group indicates that the latter is also an in situ tethys Himalayan sedimentary sequence rather than part of an exotic block. Volcanic detritus including Late Paleozoic to Triassic zircon grains in both Langjiexue Group and Qulonggongba Formation are interpreted to have been derived from the distant Gondwanide orogen generated by Pan-Pacific subduction beneath the southeastern margin of Gondwana. The Qulonggongba Formation, deposited above marlstones of the lower Upper Triassic Tulong Group, is overlain by India-derived coastal quartzose sandstones of the uppermost Triassic Derirong Formation. Deposition of both the Qulonggongba Formation and the Langjiexue Group

关键词： tethys Himalaya Provenance analysis Langjiexue Group Detrital-zircon geochronology Tectonic setting Late Triassic Paleogeography

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Late Triassic–Cenozoic Thermochronology in the Southern Sanjiang tethys, SW China, New Insights from Zircon Fission Track Analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第5期30卷 996-1004页

作者： Li Yang Wanming Yuan Xiaoyong Zhu Zhen Shi Science Research Institute China University of Geosciences

The Sanjiang tethys orogenic belt is located in the southeast side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has undergone the opening and closing movements in different periods of tethys oceans, complex accretive orogeny and strong mineralization from Paleozoic to Mesozoic. Using zircon fission track(ZFT) thermochronology, this study reveals the Sanjiang tethys has experienced multi-stage tectonic activities during the Late Triassic–Cenozoic. The 15 ZFT ages with their decomposition components obtained from Sanjiang tethysian region range from 212 to 19 Ma, which not only shows 6 age groups of 212, 179–172, 156–133, 121–96, 84–70 and 50–19 Ma, but also constrains the age limit of the tectonothermal events. These age groups recorded the Paleo-tethys main and branches ocean opening/closure time. The age-elevation plot indicates the Sanjiang region had differential uplifting and exhumation and fast uplifting times of ca. 133, 116 and 80 Ma, coinciding with the age groups mentioned above. These results show new geochronological evidences and viewpoints.

关键词： tectonic events zircon fission track analysis tethys evolution Sanjiang region Qinghai-Tibet Plateau thermochronology

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Lithostratigraphy and Biostratigraphy Based on Calcareous Nannofossils at the Late Campanian to Thanetian Transition in the Izeh Zone,Southwestern Iran(Eastern Neo-tethys)

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第4期33卷 1017-1030页

作者： Senemari Saeedeh Faculty of Engineering Imam Khomeini International UniversityQazvinIran

This study investigates the Gurpi Formation in the northeast of Izeh,southwestern *** this study,59 species and 34 genera were *** allows the identification of zones CC21 to CC26,which is equivalent to the UC15c^(TP)-UC20d^(TP) that spans the Late Campanian to Late ***,the presence of NP1 to NP6,equivalent to CNP1 to CNP8,indicates that the sequence extends to *** the Pabdeh Formation,which dates back to Thanetian,covers the *** major changes were recorded here in order of *** first change is the Campanian-Maastrichtian transition,which was identified based on the last occurrence of the Aspidolithus parcus ***,the Early/Late Maastrichtian boundary was determined based on the last occurrence of Reinhardtites *** addition,another change in the Late Maastrichtian–Early Danian is associated with an abrupt decrease in the richness of nannofossils,although a significant increase in the abundance of Early Paleocene new species has been observed along with the abundance of Thoracosphaera ***,the final change coincides with an increase in Iridium throughout *** changes may indicate changes in environmental conditions in this part of Iran during the Late Cretaceous–Paleogene transition in the eastern Neo-tethys domain.

关键词： biostratigraphy calcareous nannofossils Cretaceous Paleocene Zagros Basin tethys

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Comparing the Upper Triassic Deep-sea Flysch of the Shannan Terrane with the Coeval Shallow Shelf Sediments of the tethys Himalaya,Southern Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第2期95卷 348-354页

作者： LI Xianghui Frank MATTERN School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Science Earth Science DepartmentSultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhodPO Box 36Sultanate of Oman

The provenance and paleogeography of the Upper Triassic deep-sea flysch Langjiexue Group(LG)of the Shannan Terrane in the northeastern Himalaya orogen,south of Yarlung Zangbo,have been disputed in recent years since its affinity to the tethys Himalaya was suspected during the early 2000 *** on the earlier discoveries of the Upper Permian–Triassic basalts and mafic dykes from the LG and of coeval detrital zircons from the Qulonggongba Formation(QF)in shallow shelf sediments of the tethys Himalaya,the previous viewpoints on the basin and tectonics of the LG have been recently *** compared the two units of the Upper Triassic,and our results reveal a number of differences,discrepancies,and inconsistencies in the debate,raising crucial questions on the postulation and provenance model of the remote Gondwanide Orogen for the *** is suggested that more observations and evidence are needed to further improve the paleogeographic understanding and relationship of the two units.

关键词： sedimentology paleogeography flysch shelf sediment Late Triassic Shannan Terrane tethys Tibet

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Possible South-Dipping Mesozoic Subduction at Southern tethys Ocean-Constrained from Global Tectonic Reconstructions and Seismic Tomography

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第1期34卷 260-279页

作者： Peilong Yan Nan Zhang Huaiyu Yuan Liang Qi Xiaoxu Liu The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Earth Dynamics Research Group School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWA6845Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia

The evolution of the tethys Ocean involved several episodes of ocean opening(including the Paleo-tethys and Neo-tethys) along its southern margin as terranes rifting away from eastern Gondwana. These oceans were terminated by well observed north-dipping subduction as the same terranes accreted to southern Eurasia. However, the presence of south-dipping subduction, though geologically proposed by numerous studies, have generally been omitted in the reconstruction of Tethyan evolution. Here, we synthesize the Mesozoic south-dipping subduction evolutions in the global reconstruction and focus on two potential events located along the northern edges of Southwest Borneo Block and the Woyla Arc. We next evaluate their slab volumes after thermal diffusion in the current mantle. Fast velocity anomalies in the mantle beneath the same region are then converted to cold anomalies and their volumes are further estimated and compared to the volumes evaluated from these two Mesozoic south-dipping subduction. We further identify seismic fast velocity anomalies likely relevant to slab remnants of south-dipping Tethyan subduction in the present-day mantle beneath the Indian ocean and West Australia, and link them to arc systems in plate reconstructions. In addition, one more tectonic scenario relevant to the north-dipping subduction in our study region is also examined. We speculate the relationship and evolution between such south-dipping subduction and north-dipping subduction in the south of tethys Oceans. The attempt to reconstruct intermittent south-dipping subduction systems in southern tethys region represents an effort on assessing rifting mechanisms in the opening of the tethys Ocean and break-up of eastern Gondwana.

关键词： tethys south-dipping subduction reconstruction seismic prospecting

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The Archipelagic Ocean System of the Eastern Eurasian tethys

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2004年第1期78卷 230-236页

作者： YINHongfu ZHANGKexin FENGQinglai ChinaUniversityofGeosciences WuhanHubei430074

Unlike typical oceans such as the wide and 'clean' Atlantic, the tethys has been showing an archipelagic pattern during all its evolutionary stages. Compared with the traditional, wedge-shaped and relatively 'clean' ocean model, the archipelagic model is more suitable for the tethys, especially the eastern tethys. This paper demonstrates the eastern tethys archipelagic system in terms of the subdivision, characteristics and evolutionary history of the Qinling-Qilian-Kunlun, South China and Xizang (Tibet)-Yunnan Regions of the eastern Eurasian tethys.

关键词： tethys eastern Eurasian blocks archipelagic ocean

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SEDIMENTARY CHARACTERISTICS AND BASINAL EVOLUTION OF XIZANG (TIBET) tethys IN MESOZOIC ERA

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Science China Chemistry 1990年第10期33卷 1230-1241页

作者：余光明王成善张哨楠 Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resource Chengdu 610060 PRC Chengdu College of Geology Chengdu 610059 PRC

Based on the characteristics of stratigraphy sedimentary system and paleotectonics, Xizang (Tibet) tethys can be classified into nine sedimentary basins. The sedimentary and development characteristics of each basin nicely reveal the plate tectonic framework of Xizang (Tibet). The studies show that the Bangong Lake-Dengen fracture zone is intraplate transform boundary, the active continental margin of the Yarlung Zangbo River is of the nature of "range-arc" boundary, not trench-arc-back-arc basin system.

关键词： tethys transform basin retro-are basin depositional system plate tectonics

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Regression of East tethys resulted in a center of biodiversity: A study of Mysmenidae spiders from the Gaoligong Mountains, China

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 737-738页

作者： Qiu-Qiu Zhang Ya Li Yu-Cheng Lin Shu-Qiang Li Zhi-Yuan Yao Xiao-Qing Zhang Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment(Ministry of Education) College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610064China Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610064China Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Science Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110034China

DEAR EDITOR,This research involved the study of 31 species from the spider family Mysmenidae Petrunkevitch,1928,found in the Gaoligong Mountains of China,including one new genus and 13 new *** results suggested that regression of East tethys contributed to the appearance of a center of *** tethys,a classical and hot topic in *** has undergone a succession of significant geodynamic transformations,transitioning from an ancient ocean to the current Alpine-Himalayan orogenic ***,the East tethys,serving as an invaluable lens through which to study continental geology and geodynamics,has played a pivotal role in triggering the major geological reconstructions of the entire tethys(Pan et al.,1997).

关键词： tethys East Mountains

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FORMATION AND EUOLUTION OF tethys IN THE TIBETAN PLATEAU

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 334-335页

作者： Pan Yusheng[WT5,5”BX](Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,China)

The formation of the Tibetan Plateau is closely related to the evolution of tethys. There have been many researchers and articles concerning the tethys since *** proposed the concept in 1893. It means a large ocean which lies between Eurasia and Gondwanaland. With the development of Tethyan research, some new terms, appeared such as Neo\|tethys, Paleo\|tethys, and Proto\|tethys, representing the tethys in Mesozoic—Cenozoic, late Paleozoic and early Paleozoic respectively. The trace of an ocean from Sinian to Ordovician was discovered during the scientific expedition and Proto\|tethys was proposed to name the ocean. Therefore, the Tibetan Plateau is the main scope of the Eastern tethys. It can be divided c losely related into three zones which represent the main oceanic locations in th ree different *** Northern Tethyan Region lies in the Kunlun and Qilian Mountains, its remnant is the Fifth Suture Zone. It is also the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau The rift initiated after the continental basement had been formed in Sinian and gradually developed into an ocean, which was named Proto\|tethys, the earliest Tethyan ocean known up to now. The petrochemical compositions of pillow lava in this zone show the characteristics of mid\|ocean ridge tholeiite basalt and the pelagic ophiolitic flysch were well developed, indicating a matured ocean. It was closed in Ordovician and Silurian.

关键词： formation and evolution tethys Tibetan plateau suture zone structural deformation Gondwana land

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tethys Subduction History in Caucasus Region

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Open Journal of Geology 2013年第3期3卷 222-232页

作者： Mojtaba Manafi Mehran Arian Seyed Hashem Tabatabaee Raeesi Ali Solgi Department of Geology Science and Research Breanch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

Caucasus region is located in the center of Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. It is made of two Great and Lesser Caucasus fold thrust belts and an intramountain area called Trans caucasus or Mid caucasus. This region contains a system of oceanic crust subduction, island arcs, volcanic arcs, back arc basins and rifts. The earthquakes of 60 km in depth are the evidences of deep brittle zone under Great Caucasus. Without considering Prototethys, Paleotethys and Neotethys Oceans, the tectonic situation of this region is not possible to study. The oceanic lithosphere under oceanic lithosphere subduction made Trans caucasus containing a trans crust. The subduction of Prototethys under Baltic made Great Caucasus and the subduction of Paleotethys under Iran, made Lesser Caucasus. The earth sutures caused by the closure of Prototethys and Paleotethys Oceans are clear in the region. The direction of Paleotethys subduction in lesser Caucasus is a considerable issue. Most of the existing evidences prove the southward direction which is different from Paleotethys subduction in Alborz of Iran. The lithospheric type of Midcaucasus is different from Caspian. Midcaucasus plays the role of determining collision type in the region.

关键词： Moghan tethys Caucasus Subduction Gondwana Baltic

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