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Wind suitability in site analysis of coastal concave terrains using computational fluid dynamics simulation： a case study in East Asia

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2017年第9期18卷 741-756页

作者： Xiao-qing ZHU Jian-tao WENG Yi-qun WU Wei-jun GAO Zhu WANG Urban Planning andHabitation Construction Research Center Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China Faculty of Environmental Engineering University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu 802-8577 Japan Department of Architecture Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

The effect of wind environment is becoming increasingly important in analyzing and selecting sites for better naturalventilation of residential buildings, external comfort, and pollution dispersion. The mainpurpose of this study was to develop a setof methods for wind environment assessment in coastal concave terrains. This set of methods can be used to provide quantifiableindicators of preferable wind conditions and help site analysis. Firstly, a total of 20 types of coastal bays with concave terrains inEast Asia were characterized to find ideal locations. The selected areas were divided into five categories according to the mainterrain features. Then a sample database for the concave terrains was compiled for modelling comparisons. Secondly, a number ofkey wind variables were identified. Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） models of the typical coastal concave terrains identifiedas a result of the study were created, and the local wind environments were simulated with input from geographic informationsystem （GIS） and statistic package for social science （SPSS） analysis. A measure of wind suitability was proposed that takes windvelocity and wind direction into account using GIS. Finally, SPSS was used to find the relationship between wind suitability andkey terrain factors. The results showed that wind suitability was significantly associated with terrain factors, especially altitude.The results suggest that residential building sites should be selected such that their bay openings face the direction of the prevailingwind and that the opposite direction should be avoided.

关键词： Wind suitability Residential building Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Coastal concave terrains East Asia

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Quantifying spatial scale of positive and negative terrains pattern at watershed-scale:Case in soil and water conservation region on Loess Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1642-1654页

作者： YANG Feng ZHOU Yi School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal University

The positive and negative terrains(P-N terrains) widely distributed across China's Loess Plateau constitute the dual structure characteristic of loess landforms. Analysis of loess P-N terrains at the watershed scale can serve to elucidate the structural characteristics and spatial patterns of P-N terrains, which benefits a better understanding of watershed evolution and suitable scales for loess landform research. The Two-Term Local Quadrat Variance Analysis(TTLQV) is calculated as the average of the square of the difference between the block totals of all possible adjacent pairs of block size, which can be used to detect both the scale and the intensity of landscape patches(e.g., plant/animal communities and gully networks). In this study, we determined the latitudinal and longitudinal spatial scale of P-N terrain patterns within 104 uniformly distributed watersheds in our target soil and water conservation region. The results showed that TTLQV is very effective for examining the scale of P-N terrain patterns. There were apparently three types of P-N terrain pattern in latitudinal direction(i.e., Loess Tableland type, Loess Hill type, and Transitional Form between Sand and Loess type), whereas there were both lower and higher values for P-N terrain pattern scales in all loess landforms in the longitudinal direction. The P-N terrain pattern alsoclearly presented anisotropy, suggesting that gully networks in the main direction were well-developed while others were relatively undeveloped. In addition, the relationships between the first scales and controlling factors(i.e., gully density, nibble degree, watershed area, mean watershed slope, NDVI, precipitation, loess thickness, and loess landforms) revealed that the first scales are primarily controlled by watershed area and loess landforms. This may indicate that the current spatial pattern of P-N terrains is characterized by internal force. In selecting suitable study areas in China' Loess Plateau, it is crucial to understand four control variables: the spatial sc

关键词： Positive and negative terrains TTLQV Spatial pattern scale Loess landforms Loess Plateau

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Spatial distribution modeling of temperature increase for the uplifted mountain terrains and its characteristics in Southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第11期14卷 2270-2283页

作者： WANG Yan-xia DING Kun LI Mao-biao ZHOU Ru-liang Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity Southwest Forestry University Faculty of Sciences Southwest Forestry University School of Geography Southwest Forestry University

Local temperature changes in mountain areas are significantly affected by the uplifted mountain terrains. Understanding how temperature increase with mountain terrains is an important component in accurately modeling the spatial distribution of temperature. The study, after minimizing the effect of elevation and latitude, quantitatively simulated the temperature increase in the uplifted mountain terrains, described the characteristics in the spatial distribution of warming areas with different magnitudes, and identified the correlated indices of mountain bodies for warming. Selecting Yunnan Province in southwest China as the study area, we simulated the warming field on a baseline surface at the average elevation of 2000 m and average latitude of 24.96°. The results indicated that the warming magnitudes in different local areas varied with the change in the spatial locations, and the warming process concentrated in the mountainous regions. Throughout the entire study area, the warming field presented a general pattern of three terraces from the regions of high mountains to middle mountains and then low mountains. The areasof high warming magnitude mainly surrounded large mountain bodies and were distributed on the upper part. The areas of low warming magnitude clustered in the valleys and basins of the middle mountain region, mostly on the lower part of the large mountain bodies and its branches. The areas with zero warming magnitude occurred in the low mountains and broad valleys, which were distributed largely on the lower parts of the middle mountains and in most of the valleys. Quantified sampling analysis demonstrated good positive correlation between the warming magnitudes in uplifted mountain terrains and the volume index of the mountain body, as well as elevation difference, with the coefficients corresponding to 0.82 and 0.91, respectively.

关键词： Uplifted mountain terrains Temperature increase Baseline surface Highwarming magnitude Remote sensing retrieval

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Distribution patterns of SOC/TN content and their relationship with topography,vegetation and climatic factors in China’s north-south transitional zone

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 645-662页

作者： ZHANG Junhua ZHU Lianqi LI Guodong ZHAO Fang QIN Jingting Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng 475004HenanChina College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004HenanChina

The spatial distributions and variation mechanism of key soil indices in the Qinling-Daba Mountains are important indicators for the identification of the transitional effect and regional characteristics of the north–south transitional zone in China.This manuscript analyzes the spatial variations in soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)and corresponding relationships with major geographical factors based on spatial analysis and geostatistics considering data obtained from the Second National Soil Survey.The results indicate that the spatial distributions of the SOC and TN contents are consistent,and three high-content areas,one secondary high-content area and one low-content area are observed.High content values are located in the high-altitude regions of the Qinling-Daba Mountains and mountainous areas to the west of the Jialing River,the low-content area occurs on the north slope of the Qinling Mountains,and the secondary high-content area mainly encompasses both sides of the Hanjiang River and regions in the Qinling-Daba Mountains at altitudes below 1000 m.The SOC and TN contents vary between the above two ranges,with the gradual increase in content revealing a horn-shaped pattern.Considering the spatial variations and functions of vegetation,topography and climate factors,it is found that the SOC/TN range in the secondary high-content area remains consistent along the 1000 m contour line,the upper limit of the transitional mountain altitudinal belt,the 0℃isotherm line in January and the 24℃isotherm line in July.This region constitutes the main body of the transitional zone between the subtropical and warm temperate zones,and the northern boundary is roughly distributed along the Dujiangyan-Maoxian-Pingwu-Wenxian line to the west of the Jialing River and the 1000 m contour line on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains,while the southern boundary occurs along the Dujiangyan-Beichuan-Qingchuan line to the west of the Jialing River and the 1000 m contour line on the northern slope of the Daba Mount

关键词： China’s north-south transitional zone SOC/TN distribution terrains mountain altitudinal belts climatic elements

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